Inhliziyo umphini: izici begazi esangweni

I-apharathasi umphini we inhliziyo eyenza umsebenzi ebalulekile yokuqinisekisa efanele kwegazi. Ngamunye valve inhliziyo (ingqikithi ezine), synchronously kokuvula kanye nokuvala, kuvimbela ukuhamba ukugeleza kwegazi ohlangothini reverse. Lokho kunikeza ukungaguquguquki ephelele nokunemba eliphezulu yonke indlela isitho emaphakathi yomzimba womuntu.

Uma siqhathanisa ekamelweni inhliziyo nge esangweni, valve inhliziyo udlala indima amaphiko akhe. Ngamunye wabo has izici zayo siqu futhi injongo. Yomthambo i-aorta inhliziyo umphini isetshenziselwa ukuvala umnyango elikuyi-aorta. Anatomically, liphethe amaphiko ezintathu afana crescent. Lapho i-ventricle engakwesobunxele kwenhliziyo, lokhu umphini ukunciphisa ivumela ukugeleza kwegazi ku le-aorta.

valve Mitral kokuba isakhiwo clamshell, elise phakathi i-ventricle engakwesobunxele futhi ATRIUM, emnyango lapho uyawavala, kanjalo uvimbele ukudala ezinye isiqondiso reverse ukugeleza kwegazi. Flasher yakhe ngokugcwele izithombe ezinemibala ezazihambisana nekhasethi i-ventricle engakwesobunxele.

valve Tricuspid kwenhliziyo, ebizwa nangokuthi i-tricuspid elise phakathi i-ventricle kanye ATRIUM nesekudla, njengoba kubonakala igama layo, has a isakhiwo mithathu. In the state evulekile, sidlule igazi ATRIUM ngqo ingaphakathi ventricle, ukugcwaliswa ephelele elibangela imisipha ukuphendula, lapho Ukuvalwa valve kwenzeka. Yikuphi kuvimbela ukuhamba reverse igazi ukuqinisekisa ukusakazwa kwalo endaweni efanele.

valve yamaphaphu, sise okokufaka umamukeli walo mzimba, kuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwegazi uvela ventricle yangakwesokudla ukuze imithambo yamaphaphu. Lena isakhiwo jikelele futhi injongo nemisebenzi yokusetshenziswa inhliziyo valvular kulandzelana nekuhlunga tinsita. Ngakho-ke kuyacaca ukuthi ukusebenza kwaloluhlelo lonke isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi we ebusayo eyinhloko kuphela kungenzeka nge ukusebenza bushelelezi futhi esiphelele mshini begazi.

Isici nobuntu valve siwukuthi bangamalungu ngaphansi umsebenzi njalo mechanical babhekana imithwalo eliphezulu. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi phezu engamashumi ayisikhombisa we umjikelezo wokuphila kwe-valve ukwenza okutholakele - kuvalwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuholela pathologies ezehlukene. Amacembe (enezinto) valve enempilo Indwangu mncane futhi nezimo kakhulu ephelele ukuma weJiyomethri. Ngokwemvelo, indwangu enjalo echayeke ukugqoka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo ngokuvamile kungadalwa kwasekuzalweni. I valve seyonakele futhi bahlukumezeka ngenxa ehlanganiswa ukuhlaselwa rheumatism, izifo eziningi, izizathu ezihlukahlukene zofuzo, ngenxa yezinguquko ezihlobene nokukhula, ukuhlaselwa isifo senhliziyo , futhi sebuningini nezinye izinto.

Konke lokhu kungabangela stenosis (olugcwele zomfula ongenela) noma ukwehluleka (i Ukuvalwa akuphelele we enezinto). Ngezinye izikhathi izimo ezinjalo kungadinga ukuhlinza inhliziyo umphini edinga sokubuyiselwa noma esikhundleni. Nakuba ubuchwepheshe besimanje futhi izinto enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba afeze ezifana inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi nekhathazayo awokuthi kakhulu lempumelelo, ingozi namanje eliphezulu kakhulu.

Okuvame kakhulu namuhla ziqhutshwa ukuhlinza ukuvuselelwa "we-brittle" inhliziyo umphini - the mitral. Uma umonakalo omkhulu inqubo umphini esikhundleni ngokuvamile insindiso kuphela esigulini. Ukuhlinzwa, nazo zonke izingozi nasezingosini, lizidlula kude ngokuya ukusebenza kwanoma iyiphi indlela yokwelashwa.