Imifula emikhulu kanye namachibi Russia: igama, isithombe

Imifula kanye namachibi Russia sekuyisikhathi eside into yibo bobabili izakhamuzi isimo, futhi izivakashi eduze nakude phesheya. Akukhona nje kuphela ubuhle okukhethekile kanye nemibala yemvelo. Abantu abaningi beze ngezinhloso luyingxenye engqondweni yethu noma sesayensi. Ngokwesibonelo, izazi ezivelele emhlabeni ezweni lethu basafunda izitshalo zendawo nezilwane, njengoba ngempela futhi izici Geological planethi.

Namuhla ngokuzethemba futhi ukuziqhenya ezithile singasho ukuthi ukuvikelwa emifuleni Russian namachibi engaphansi kokulawula State, kuhlanganise neziphathimandla zendawo.

Lesi sihloko senzelwe ukuphendula eziningi imibuzo ngokuvamile kuphakama ngokushesha noma kamuva nabo bonke abantu abanentshisekelo ezweni lethu. emifuleni Russian namachibi ezocatshangelwa ngokuningiliziwe.

Yiziphi amanzi yangaphakathi?

Khuluma mayelana emifuleni nasemachibini Russia akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwekubuka kanye Ukulungisiswa umqondo luyingxenye theory. Ngakho, ngaphansi kwamanzi yangaphakathi kwasekuqaleni bona emifuleni, amaxhaphozi, amachibi, izinguzunga zeqhwa amachibi yokufakelwa. Kushiwo lapha komhlaba. Cishe akukho muntu ongaphika yokuthi ukuphila komuntu kuyigugu kakhulu incazelo yabo, ngaphandle kwabo samane ngabe ayikho. On the indawo yemifula Russian flow, okungokwendlela somfula Pacific, Atlantic nasolwandle Arctic.

Phela, igama elithi kufanele kuvisiswe pool endaweni zasemanzini, ngayo nefunda ngayo bona ngokwabo igcwele emifuleni nemingenela yabo.

Ulwandle, imifula kanye namachibi yeRussia, noma kunalokho, izici zabo futhi izinhlobo zokudla zihlobene ngokuqondile sezulu.

River. incazelo jikelele

Kuze kube yimanje, indawo yakwa-Russia kukhona mayelana amabili nesigamu million emifuleni. Umthamo emfuleni ukugeleza ilingana 4043 km ³ / ngonyaka, okungukuthi 237 m ³ / ngonyaka ^km2.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi e-Arctic Ocean zihlanganisa ingxenye eyinhloko emifuleni yethu emikhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ekwindla enkulu, ezijulile futhi eside - ob, Yenisei noLena.

Kodwa uma sithatha ngetigamu zezinombolo, okungukuthi, cishe 80% imifula amanani eziphawulwe ngenhla okunzima ezihlobana ngasemanzini okuphumula ezimbili kuyiPacific Ocean. emifuleni ezinjalo kudlula ngokushesha, kodwa kucatshangwa ukuthi hhayi kakhulu eside. Laba bameleli be-ngobukhulu - Yebo, Anadyr, futhi Cupid.

Ngu-Atlantic Ocean libhekisela% 5 kuphela emifuleni waseRussia. Basuke izimpawu imvelo oluyisicaba ukugeleza. I enkulu wabo - Don.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kwabantu esiphezulu emifuleni eRussia ewela ehlathini, futhi nenombolo ezincane kunazo zonke emifuleni nobuntu ukucindezeleka iCaspian.

amandla okuqondile ukunikezela

Njengoba umthetho, imifula kanye namachibi yeRussia, isithombe okuyinto kungabonwa cishe kuzo zonke encyclopedia iplanethi, anikwe amandla ezintathu izinhlobo imithombo: i encibilikisiwe ngamanzi eqhwa, imvula komhlaba.

Kule ndaba kuwufanele ngifuna kabanzi. Ngakho, ngenxa yokuthi kuleyo nsimu wezwe Itholakala zindawo eziphakeme futhi phakathi elinesimo sezulu yezwekazi, cishe lonke Russian Federation, umthombo oyinhloko supply imifula baba iqhwa.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kwezinye izindawo, isibonelo, lase-Amur esifundeni, Transbaikalia, le Kaliningrad esifundeni, olungena a iqhwa kancane nezimvula, imifula kanye uhlobo imvula ukudla.

Ezindaweni sezintaba, njengoba umthetho, lo-Altai ne eCaucasus, kwaba zamaqhwa main. Lapho esondela umfula laba yingxenye yolwandle iPacific nasolwandle Atlantic liyakhula indima supply imvula.

Kodwa umfula, okuyinto ubuswa ukudla ubumba, cishe akekho eRussia. Zitholakala kuphela eKamchatka.

By the way, ukugeleza eyinhloko imifula Russia ewela zonyaka ezifudumele.

Yelena - umfula ngobukhulu

Uma sicabangela emifuleni nasemachibini yeRussia, ingasaphathwa Yelena engenakwenzeka. It is kufanele kubhekwe omunye wemifula esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Its obuphelele - 4400 km, igelezela kuzo Eastern eSiberia, e-Republic of Yakutia kanye esifundeni sase-Irkutsk. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi endaweni umcengezi kuyinto 490 ayizinkulungwane. ^Km2.

By the way, iqala khona isuka kuleli chibi, esingeyena igama, endaweni engamamitha 1000 m ngaphezu kolwandle, ise entshonalanga iBaikal Mountains. Yelena uwela oLwandle Laptev.

Ukukhuluma izici ezimangalisayo, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi emthonjeni lomfula ebusika acishe yiqhwa phansi, kodwa ehlobo cishe ngokuphelele eyomile. Ngokumangalisayo, kodwa ngisho lapha kukhona izindawo lapho ukujula kuyinto esingaphansi kwesigamu imitha.

Kwaba ngemva saturation we nemingenela kuqala, kuba ezijulile futhi-esilazayo egcwele. Kuyaziwa ukuthi umfula ezinjalo ezinkulu ezigcwele nemingenela njengoba Kirenga, Vitim Batamay, Olekma, Viluy. Ukuze Yakutsk Yelena yinto engaphezu 10 km ububanzi.

Yelena River Delta iqala at ibanga km 150 ukusuka olwandle. ukudla Main - imvula neqhwa. Entwasahlobo kuba ngokugcwele fudlana ehlobo izikhukhula zenzeka.

Kuye Insimu emfuleni kungaba inhomogeneous kakhulu: okusheshayo, emazombezombe futhi egcwele Rapids, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo endaweni uyisicaba nokuzola.

Ezinye izingxenye nogu Yelena bakha enamandla crystalline amatshe, kodwa kukhona lezo abatshalwé birch kanye pine amahlathi.

Ob - emangalisayo futhi eyingqayizivele emfuleni eSiberia

Ob - liphinde ukugeleza enamandla kakhulu amanzi umfula omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni, lenkhulu kakhulu eRussia kanye yesibili e-Asia. Ubude bayo 3650 km. Isebenzisa ke e Western eSiberia futhi agelezela iCaspian Sea, manje yakheke vosmisotkilometrovy Bay - Gulf of OB.

Kumiswa Umfula at confluence Altai Bii futhi Katun. Endaweni umcengezi yayo ilingana 2990 ayizinkulungwane. ^Km2.

Ububanzi ob ngemva confluence yayo nge eMfuleni Irtysh kuyinto 7 km, futhi kule ndawo ukujula -. Kufanele kube kufika ku amamitha 20 ukuya Cellars kwalesi sigodi uzibonele mathupha ukuthi lokhu lapho umfula ihlukane Malaya ob nokuningi.

Delta ob ithatha indawo ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane ezine. ^Km2. Phakathi nemingenela ezinkulu kufanele zabelwe uTom Irtysh. It feeds emfuleni ngokuyinhloko ancibilike amanzi, it libhekene izikhukhula entwasahlobo.

I amachibi ngobukhulu Russia

Qaphela ukuthi insimu yonke ezweni lethu lenqwaba imizimba omkhulu wamanzi. Leli chibi elikhulu kunawo wonke kuyinto iChibi iBaikal, Onega, Lake Ladoga, amaChukchi, ilmenite, Khantayskoye, Segozero, Kuludinskoe, Teletskoe futhi Pskov-amaChukchi.

Kumelwe ukuba ngamunye ufunda lesi sihloko, uzovuma ukuthi igama emifuleni nasemachibini Russia kuyinto lokuhuba ethile. Nokho, nganoma ngaluphi ulimi zezwe kukhona amazwi anjalo, futhi ngemva kokusho ukuthi kakade ufuna ukubhala izinkondlo uqambe izindaba ezinhle?

By endleleni, hhayi ngaphandle nokuziqhenya, siphawula ukuthi Onega, Lake Ladoga futhi Ilmen ungomunye namachibi edume kunazo zonke eYurophu.

IBaikal - giant anamandla

Kukhona amakhona wonke, ukhulume lapho unga phakade. izilwandle eziningi, imifula kanye namachibi Russia angase kahle kumelwe kuthiwe zibangelwa ngokunembile beya ezindaweni ezinjalo.

Ngokwesibonelo, cabangela izinkondlo, iChibi iBaikal, okuyinto kubhekwa hhayi kuphela echibini ejulile emhlabeni namanzi Largest egumbini omhlaba ahlanzekile aqukethwe, kodwa nje insimu, zihlukaniswa imvelo layo eliyingqayizivele.

ukujula Its 1640 m, kanye nobudala ngempela sikhexe - eminyakeni million 25 ..

Akuwona wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi kuleli chibi iqukethe-90% lamanzi amasha we Russian Federation futhi u-20% Isikhwama global lokhu semithombo yendalo. Uma uthi nhlá kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi emanzini zethu iBaikal 336 emifuleni kanye nje omunye Angara ageleza kuwo.

Ulwandle, okuyinto echibini

Yebo, futhi lokhu kwenzeka futhi, nakuba, uzovuma, kuzwakala akunasisekelo kakhulu. Into wukuthi yoLwandle iCaspian empeleni kuyinto echibini elikhulu avaliwe, okuyinto has amanzi anosawoti bese isiphuku wasolwandle.

Itholakala emngceleni waseYurophu nase-Asia, kodwa ogwini yoLwandle iCaspian endaweni emazweni amahlanu: eRussia, eKazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan nase-Iran. Ngenxa yalokhu, le ulwandle-echibini ithole amagama ahlukene 70, kodwa isihloko zako ezisemqoka uye ahlezi lapha ezizweni zasendulo - yoLwandle iCaspian.

endaweni iCaspian Sea ingaphezu 371 thous. Km ^2. Engxenyeni esenyakatho kwechibi ihlangana emanzini angajulile. Izinga amanzi ingahlalisekanga futhi liyashintshashintsha njalo. Ngeshwa, uma uhlu imifula angcoliswe kakhulu, amachibi nolwandle eRussia, ukudlula kule ndawo akunakwenzeka. Nokho, phezu ingxenye yezwe lethu labetibambile lonke uhla izinyathelo ezidingekayo okuhloswe hhayi ukuvimbela inhlekelele enkulu yembulunga yonke.