Imali kanye nezindleko zomndeni - izici zokubala nezincomo

Indima enkulu empilweni yomuntu wanamuhla idlala ngumzuzwana njengemali, ikakhulukazi isabelomali. Akunzima ukuqagela ukuthi iqukethe imali engenayo kanye nezindleko. Lezi yizinxenye eziphoqelekile, ngaphandle kwalokho ongakwazi ukufunda ukulawula isabelomali sakho.

Indima ekhethekile idlala yimali engenayo kanye nezindleko zomndeni. Ungalondoloza kanjani imali? Kungenzeka kanjani ukugcina amarekhodi amaresidi kanye "nokuphambene" kwezimali? Lo mbuzo uthanda abaningi. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma ubhekana nomsebenzi, ungafunda kalula ukugcina kuphela, kodwa futhi ukugcina imali "eyengeziwe" ngezidingo ezithile, "usuku oluluhlaza", futhi nje ukuze ukwazi ukulondoloza. Zonke izimfihlo nezincomo zinikezwa ukunakekelwa kwethu. Mhlawumbe bayokusiza ngempela.

Kuthiwani

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuqonda ukuthi kungani udinga ukuqapha imali engenayo kanye nezindleko zomndeni. Mhlawumbe akufanelekile ukuzitholela ikhanda? Ikakhulukazi uma ngemali, ngokuyisisekelo, konke kukhulu kunokuhle.

Empeleni, ukulawula imali kuyisikhathi esibalulekile ekuphileni kwanoma yimuphi umuntu wanamuhla. Futhi akunandaba ukuthi unesidingo noma cha. Njengoba bethi, imali ithanda i-akhawunti. Ngakho ukulawula izimali kuyindlela enhle yokuqiniseka esikhathini esizayo. Futhi ngokushesha nje lapho umbuzo uhlobene ngqo nomndeni, khona-ke izidingo ezithile zivela. Futhi zidinga ukumbozwa njengoba kudingeka. Ukubalwa okunembile kuphela kwezimali kuzosiza ukungena emgodini wezezimali, futhi nokusabalalisa imali etholakalayo ngendlela efanele. Imali engenayo kanye nezindleko zomndeni, ezigcinwa ngaphansi kokulawulwa okuqinile, njengomthetho, ngisho nezimali ezincane zingakwazi ukunikeza inzuzo enkulu nokusebenza kahle. Kodwa udinga ukwazi ukubala nokubala. Yini ezosiza kulokhu? Ziyini izimfihlo?

Amarekhodi

Ngokujwayelekile, wonke umuntu uneluleka ukuqoqa amasheke bese uwagcina kuze kube sekupheleni kwenyanga. Lokhu kuyinto evamile engasiza ngokusabalalisa isabelomali somndeni. Kodwa kuphela lapha hhayi futhi akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuqoqa amaresidi okukhokha. Into ewukuthi umuntu ongakaze asebenze ngaphambili kuleli bhizinisi, akunakwenzeka ukuthi uqale lapha ngokushesha ukujwayela "ukuqoqa" kwamasheke. Akulula kakhulu, ukwethembeka.

Ngakho-ke, kunendlela eyodwa eyokusiza ukuthi uphathe isabelomali somndeni (imali engenayo kanye nezindleko zomndeni). Ithebula! Okungukuthi, ukungena okufanele okubonisa konke okuchithayo phakathi nenyanga. Kungaba kokubili komshini kanye nephepha. Akudingekile ukugcina ukuhlola lokhu, kwanele nje ukwazi ukuthi ungakanani nokuthi yini owasichitha noma owamukele kule nyanga noma kule nyanga. Lolu hlobo lokubika lusiza kakhulu ukubuka imali engenayo kanye nezindleko njalo ngenyanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi siyalo ngokuqinisekile sizosiza ukuthola indlela yokusindisa.

Okumnandi

Ake sisebenzise le nketho. Into ewukuthi imali engenayo kanye nezindleko zomndeni - itafula liyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kungabandakanya izinto ezihlukahlukene ezizosiza ezimweni ezithile. Yiqiniso, ungasebenzisa imodeli yokuthobela kakhulu. Iphelele kulabo abangathandi imininingwane kanye nephepha elibomvu tape.

Yini edingekayo? Ukugcina ithrekhi yemali engenayo kanye nezindleko, kufanele uhlanganise ithebula elihambelana nenyanga. Okuncane kuyo kufanele kube namakholomu angu-4. Lezi yizi:

• Inzuzo;
• Izindleko;
• Inzuzo yokugcina;
• Ukusetshenziswa kokugcina.

Ukukhuluma ngokuqinile, nsuku zonke uzodinga ukwenza izinguquko ezidingekayo kumasimu afanayo. Ngaphakathi kwenyanga kuphela "imali engenayo" kanye "nezindleko" ezisetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa. Kodwa ekugcineni uzodingeka ukubala kokubili amakholomu kanye nokwahlukana kwawo. Lena yindlela elula kakhulu engayithola. Imali engenayo kanye nezindleko zomndeni - itafula elingavamile. Kodwa kuyisifiso sokwandisa. Kanjani ncamashi?

Okucacile

Into yukuthi konke kuxhomeke ekugxilweni nasekuhleleni kwakho. Kodwa khumbula: uma wenza umzamo wokuqoqa nokugcina into efana nesabelomali semindeni ("Imiphumela kanye nezindleko zomndeni" - itafula), ukusebenza kahle kuzoba kusuka emsebenzini wakho ekupheleni kwenyanga. Okuhlukile kokuqala esikucabangayo. Kodwa kulokhu, njengomthetho, ukubalwa akupheli.

Ngokuvamile kunenzuzo enkulu ukuqhuba ngokugcwele futhi ngokugcwele isabelomali. Okusho ukuthi, yakha itafula elizoqukatha okungenani amakholomu alandelayo:

• Inzuzo;
• Izindleko;
• Amazwana;
• Imali engenayo;
• Yonke izindleko.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, engeza amaphuzu amancane kula maphuzu, okuzosiza ekusunguleni imininingwane. Kunconywa ukuba ubhale ngokuhlukile, kodwa kunesibopho sokuzifaka ezindlebeni. Kungenxa yezinto ezinjengokusetshenziswa okuyisisekelo, lezo ngaphandle kwakho ongenakuphila ngazo. Kungaba kuhle ukuhola ikholomu yokulondoloza ngokwehlukana. Konke lokhu kulula kakhulu ukukwenza kukhompyutha. Yebo, ukubhekana netafula eligcwele akulula. Ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa kumazwana. Kuzodingeka ukudweba lokho owathengile nokuthi kungani. Kodwa lokhu ekugcineni kuzokunika umphumela omkhulu. Kuzokwenzeka ngaphandle kwezinkinga ukubheka yonke imali engenayo kanye nezindleko zomndeni, bese ubona ohlangothini, ukuthi yini oyisebenzisayo. Futhi, ngokufanayo, akubandakanyi izindleko ezingadingekile.

Ukuqoqwa

Yini enye okumele ibonwe? Ukuthembeka, iphuzu elibalulekile kuyoba yindlela yokugcina imali. Futhi kuyinto efiselekayo ukuyiveza emibonisweni eziningana. Okokuqala yisimo samanje sesabelomali sakho (noma kunalokho "imali eyengeziwe"). Vumela leli grafu libonise ukuthi imali ihlehlisiwe okwamanje. Ungakwazi ngisho nokugcina le akhawunti ngamazwana. Isibonelo, uma uhlehlisa okuthile okuthile.

Umbono wesibili yinani lemali elizobe lihlehliswa ngenyanga. Kungenxa yale ndlela ukuthi isabelomali somndeni sakhiwe. Izimali, izindleko, izindleko kanye nezimali ezingenayo kubalulekile. Kodwa uma ubhekene nomsebenzi wokulondoloza, kanye nokulondoloza, zama ukufaka izinto ezifanele etafuleni lakho. Vumela kuxhomeke ekulondolozeni kwakho ngokushesha, ekuqaleni kwenyanga, ukuhlehlisa okuyi-10% yenzuzo (umholo, isibonelo), bese usakaza izimali ezisele zenyanga. Ngakho-ke, into yesibili engxenyeni "yemali echaziwe" iyinani elilinganiselwe, elibonisa, njengombuso, 1/10 yenzuzo ephelele. Indlela enhle yokugcina imali.

Inzuzo

Kulungile kakhulu manje ukusebenzisa into enjengekhompuyutha. Kuzosiza ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga ukulawula imali engenayo kanye nezindleko zomndeni. Itafula ku-Excel yilokho esikudingayo. Ngokuvamile, izinto ezisele ngenhla namakholomu akwanele. Kodwa uma ufuna ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe, khona-ke ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe kuze kube iphuzu lemali engenayo.

Yini engingayifaka lapha? Okokuqala, lokhu kusengaphambili. Usebenza ngokukhishwa kaningi. Phela, bhala phansi inkokhelo namabhonasi. Bayosiza ekukhiqizeni idatha enembile kakhulu. Futhi-ke, noma nini, uzokwazi ukukhipha lokhu noma lowo mthombo wekheshi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, unake amarisidi avela eziphosini (ake kube khona ikholomu ehlukile yalesi sici), inzalo kusuka ekubanjweni, eminye imithombo yenzuzo (njenge-scholarships, imali engenayo evela kumpahla, njalonjalo). Konke lokhu kudwetshwe ngokuningiliziwe, ukuze ungaphuthelwa lutho olubalulekile. Ngokuyinhloko, ngokuvamile itafula elinjalo selivele lingaphezu kokwanele.

Izindleko

Manje qaphela izindleko. Baphinde badlale indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Amazwana angcono. Kodwa kungcono ukurekhoda ngokunembile ukuthi kuphi nokuthi yini oyisebenzisayo imali. Ithebula "Isabelomali Semindeni: Imali Yokuthola Nezindleko", okuchaza imininingwane yakho yokusebenzisa imali, ingumthombo womnotho nokulawula.

Yini engcono ukuyihlanganisa? Hlanganisa isigaba esithi "Basic". Makube ukukhokhelwa komphakathi. Izigaba kufanele futhi zenziwe. Yini esikhuluma ngayo? Ku-akhawunti ngayinye vumela amagrafu ahlukanisiwe. Ngamanye amazwi, bhala phansi etafuleni inani lemali yezidingo ezivamile zomphakathi (izindlu), amakhaza ashisayo namanzi ashisayo, ukushisa, ugesi, ukuguqulwa.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, imali engenayo kanye nezindleko zomndeni kuvame ukusho ukusatshalaliswa kwesabelomali sokudla, izingubo, izipho kanye nokuhamba. Vumela okungenani lezi zikhathi ziboniswe etafuleni lakho. Thenga okuthile? Ubekwe amazwana emkhakheni afanele. Kudlule ezokuthutha? Ubhale phansi. Yebo, ekuqaleni kuyoba nzima, kodwa-ke uzofunda ukuthi ungenza kanjani izibalo masinyane, futhi ungakhohlwa ukubhala izindleko kwizindleko.

Ukulinganisela

Enye inqubo ethakazelisayo kakhulu ukufakwa etafuleni lokuthiwa ibhalansi ngasekupheleni kwenyanga. Kunconywa ukuyibuyisela kabusha izidingo zakho. Masibe ibhonasi enhle kumholo we-10% wakho.

Ibhalansi ekupheleni kwenyanga nguhluko phakathi kwemali engenayo kanye nezindleko. Udinga ukubala imali engenayo kanye nezindleko zomndeni, bese ususa esigabeni sokuqala sesibili. Futhi uzothola ukuthi usele imali engakanani. Kuhle kakhulu kusiza le nqubo uma udinga ukufunda ukuqoqa izimali. Umehluko ekupheleni kwenyanga ngayinye ubonakala kahle.

Izibalo

Ungabala kanjani imali engenayo kanye nezindleko zomndeni? Ukuze uthembeke, bheka lapha wakhiwe ngokuphelele efonini "Excel". Bayokuletha ngokushesha futhi ngokunembile imiphumela, futhi ngokuzenzakalelayo. Futhi kuzodingeka uhlaziye isabelomali ngokwakho.

Ukubala inani lezizindleko kanye nemali engenayo ekupheleni kwenyanga, kukholomu yokugcina efanelekayo kuzodingeka ufake ifomula "Sum". Bese ukhetha ukhethe zonke izinkambu ezihlobene nezimali zamarisidi, kanye nezindleko zazo ngokufanele, bese ucindezela u-Enter. Umphumela uzoboniswa. Akukho kunzima. Kuyinto elula kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma ucabanga ukuthi "i-Excel" izosebenza njenge-notebook kanye ne-calculator.

Isithakazelo esivela ekulondolozeni ibalwa ngendlela ehlukile. Kubalulekile ukuthi ubhale ku-formula line =, bese ukhombisa imali engenayo (inani esizothatha ngalo u-10%), emva kokuthayipha "* 0.1". Le algorithm izokusiza ukuthi ubale masinyane ukuthi udinge kangakanani ukushiya inkokhelo ekuqaleni kwenyanga. Empeleni, akudingeki amafomula ngaphezulu. Kwanele kuphela ukufingqa, ukususa nokuqhathanisa njalo.

Izimfihlo

Manje kancane mayelana nezimfihlo zokulondoloza imali. Yiqiniso, kucabangela ukuziphatha kwetafula lethu lanamuhla. Ngaphandle kwalo, kunzima ukuhamba endleleni yokusebenzisa.

Imali engenayo kanye nezindleko zomndeni yizinto ezidingekayo. Zivame ukubhekwa njengezikhokhelo, izindleko ezibhekene nezikweletu nezokuthutha. Gcwalisa kulezi columns kuqala. Ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ukuwayeka.

Khokha ngokukhethekile ukuthenga kwakho. Ikakhulukazi, uma wenza izipho ezinkulu noma nje uthenge ukudla. Ngokuvamile ungathatha okuningi okuningi. Kuwo wonke amaphuzu esheke kukhulunywa ngemibono efanele. Ekupheleni kwenyanga, ungafingqa futhi ubone, ngaphandle kwalokho ongakwenza ngaphandle kwakho. Ukwamukela okuhle, kodwa kudinga ukuhlaziywa ngokucophelela.

Qinisekisa ukuthi ushiye imali ekupheleni kwenyanga, uyibeke. Ungabhala le mali ngento ehlukile. Indlela enhle kakhulu yokulondoloza imali nomthombo owengeziwe wenzuzo "ngosuku oluluhlaza." Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uzofunda ngokuhlaziywa ukuze ukwandise le nkomba ngokushesha. Ngakho, imali engenayo kanye nezindleko zomndeni (itafula kuzosiza ukulawula) kuzoba ngezandla eziphephile.

Awufuni ukudweba amatafula ngokwakho futhi wenze imibiko ku-Excel? Bese ulande bese ufaka izifanekiso ezenziwe ngomumo. Bona, njengomthetho, kusiza ukuhlanganisa zonke izitembu zenyanga nonyaka. Lona khetho oludinga kakhulu phakathi kwabasebenzisi.