I-Walrus Atlantic: incazelo, isithombe

Isilwane esiyingqayizivele - i-walrus Atlantic - sihlala esifundeni sezemvelo soLwandle lwaseBarents. Izilwane ezincelisayo ezihamba phambili eziqhumayo eqhwaqhaqhazela ogwini olusenyakatho lwe-Atlantic enzima. Zithokozisa, zihamba phezu kwama-scythes aqoshwa ngamanzi olwandle.

Ama-giants ase-Atlantic e-Red Book

Inombolo yalezi pinnipeds iyancipha ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, eRussia, i-Atlantic walrus ivikelwe. Ibhuku elibomvu, lapho lezi zilwane zikhona, lizama ukuvimbela ukunyamalala kwe-subspecies ehlukile. Izindwangu ezinkulu ze-walrus zithi zivikelwe.

Inani lezilwane zasolwandle lunezinkomo ezihlakazekile, ezincane zokuxhumana. Inombolo yabo yayinciphile kakhulu ngenxa yokudoba okungalawuliwe kwezohwebo. Kulezi zilwane ezingama-25,000, kunezilwane ezingaba ngu-4000 ezisele.

Incazelo ye-Atlantic walruses

Ukwaziswa ngalezi zimpi ezinkulu ze-Arctic kuncane kakhulu. Ama-Walruses yizilwane ezinkulu ezinesikhumba esibomvu. Isisindo samadoda angamamitha angu-3-4 ngamamitha amabili, futhi kwabesifazane, ekhula ubude obufinyelela kumamitha angu-2.6, alinganiselwa kumathani. Izilwane ezincelisayo ezinamandla zinenhloko encane ene-muzzle ebanzi futhi amehlo amancane.

Umhlathi ophezulu uhlotshiswe ngamanini amabili anamandla kuze kufike ku-35-50 amasentimitha ubude. Ukubamba kalula i-ice. Basiza isilwane esithuthuzelayo ukukhuphuka i-ice floes emanzini olwandle. Izitshalo ziyizikhali eziphikisana nabaphikisana nokuvikelwa ezitheni. Ama-Walrus avame ukubhozwa ngamabhondi wezinyosi ze-polar.

I-walrus Atlantic enamandla, isithombe sayo esilula ukwenza, sinomunye idivayisi ehlakaniphile - amadevu enemibala enombala. Bakha amakhulu ezinwele ezinzima. Izinwele zinyene, njengezimpaphe zezinyoni zihlanzwa, zibucayi njengeminwe. Siyabonga izikhonkwane ezihlukanisa ngisho nezinto ezincane kakhulu futhi zifuna kalula ama-mollusks angcwatshwe olwandle.

Ukungaziboni kwangaphandle kubonakala njenge-walrus yase-Atlantic. Incazelo yalo yile ndlela elandelayo: Umzimba omubi ohlala ogwini lolwandle, ogcwele amafutha amaningi kanye nezibazi ezijulile, uveza iphunga elimnandi le-fetid; Amehlo amancane, igazi, fester. Umzimba wamadrase omdala ugcwele izinwele ezingavamile, futhi intsha igubungele indwangu enombala emnyama.

Emhlabathini, i-Atlantic walrus ayinhle, ihamba ngobunzima, iphikisana nazo zonke izinhlamvu ezine. Futhi olwandle, uzizwa ehle, elula kalula emkholomu wamanzi. Ngokusobala, kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi uhlale ebhishi lomgodla ikakhulukazi, futhi uhamba ngokujulile emanzini olwandle.

Ama-molluscs nama-crustaceans yiwona ukudla okuyinhloko kwesilwane esinamandla. Nakuba kwenzeka ukuthi uhlasela izimpawu ezincane. Isilwane esikhulu sinomuzwa ogcwele, sidla ukudla kuka 35-50 kg.

Isikhathi somshado nokuzala

Isikhathi sokuphila se-Atlantic walrus sineminyaka engu-45. Ukhula kancane kancane. Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kuqala eminyakeni engu-6-10. Ama-walrusi akwazi ukukhipha, ukugoba, ukuwa, ukulwa, ukulwa, kodwa nokugubha.

Izilo ezinamandla zingumculo kakhulu. Umculo wabo ubonakala ngokucacile ngenkathi yokukhula. NgoJanuwari-Ephreli, ama-pinnipeds ahlabelela ngokucacile. Ukuqhathaniswa kwama-giants kwenzeka ngoMeyi-June. Insikazi yathela izithelo izinyanga ezingu-12.

Ama-cubs avela kuye aphindwe izikhathi eziningi eminyakeni embalwa. Phela, omama kufanele badle le puppy iminyaka emibili. Amadoda ase-walrus ahlala nonina kuze kube yiminyaka emihlanu. Insikazi ayike isuke emhlambini (ikakhulukazi yenziwa ngamasifazane anezinhlamvu).

Indawo yokuhlala

Ama-Walrus ahlala emasimini amancane ase-ice, izibungu ezinomhlonyane, olwandle oluvulekile. Ukuze baphile, bakhetha indawo yamanzi kumamitha angama-20-30. I-Rookeries ikhetha ukuhlela phezu kwe-ice kanye nemigodi yamatshe. Ukufuduka kwabo minyaka yonke kubangelwa ukuhamba kweqhwa. Bakhuphuka e-ice floft, bahamba, njengokungathi emkhunjini wolwandle, ezindaweni ezihlala kuzo, lapho, lapho bephuma emhlabathini owomile, bahlela okuningi.

Indawo yokusabalalisa

Lezi zinkinga zihlala eduze kwamaphethelo aseBarents naseKara Seas. Bakhethwa ama-cove, amatshe kanye nezindebe, banqume ogwini lweziqhingi eziningi kule ndawo. I-rookeries ye-Ice kanye ne-ogwini yama-subspecies ihlakazeka kulo lonke elaseFranz Josef Land.

Ekugcineni empumalanga ye-Novaya Zemlya yindawo lapho i-Atlantic walrus ijwayele ukubuyela khona njalo. Ezindaweni ezisempumalanga zoLwandle LwaKara akuvamile ukuhlangana. Uhlela indawo yakhe eMfuleni Omhlophe, esifundeni saseKhanin, iziqhingi zaseKolguev naseVaigach.

Ngimthanda yena nolwandle olusempumalanga yeCanada Arctic. Kulesi sifundazwe kuye, i-monastery yayiyi-bay ne-Hudson Strait, i-Frobisher Cove ne-Fox, i-Baffin Island, i-Devon Island. Ngaphansi kaningi, yakha i-lezhku eziqhingini zase-Arctic, enyakatho yeBraw Strait. Bahlala ulwandle lwaseBaffin, eGreenland kusukela ogwini olusentshonalanga, amanzi aseDisis Strait.

I-Atlantic yase-Yurophu inikeze ukulahlwa kwezingqimba zeqhwa elikhuphuka laseNyakatho Iceland, izindebe namalamoni ayefake eSvalbard. ENorway evela kubantu abahlala ngasogwini olusenyakatho.

Izimbangela ezilinganiselwe

Isibalo sesilwane esinamandla sanciphisa kakhulu ngenxa yokudoba okukhulayo. I-Atlantic walrus, ehlala e-Kara Sea, yahlupheka kakhulu. Amaphini amancane ayebhujiswa ngesihluku ekhulwini le-XIX. Kwezinye izindawo, babhujiswa ngokuphelele. Abantu baqothulwa kakhulu eCanada Arctic, eGreenland naseSpitsbergen.

Namuhla, inani lezilwane lilinganiselwe ngumuntu ophuthumayo. Ikakhulukazi izinkampani ezinamafutha kanye negesi ezinomthelela ekuthuthukiseni amasimu amasha. Ziyingozi kakhulu izindawo ezingokwemvelo zezimpikazi zase-Atlantic, zixoshe ezindaweni ezihlala kuzo. Kunzima ama-subspecies anezinsizakalo eziphansi zokubhekana nemithwalo engaphelele yokudoba nezinye izinto eziphathelene nokudoba.

U-Walrus uthinta izinhlobo ezingu-10 ze-helminths. Izifo kanye nezimbangela zokufa kwezinosayensi ze-pinnipeds azicaciswanga. Izitha zemvelo zabantu ziyizingulube zokubulala kanye nezintshe ze-polar.