I-viral load e-HIV kanye ne-hepatitis C: ukusebenza

Esinye sezifo ezimbi kakhulu namuhla human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Ngeshwa, njalo ngonyaka isibalo sabantu abangenwe liyakhuphuka. Ngaphambili kukholakala ukuthi negciwane lesandulela ngculaza kusabalala phakathi yezidakamizwa nongqingili. Okwamanje, isifo kwenzeka abantu bezizinda ezihlukene. Kubandakanya phakathi izinsana. Isigaba sokugcina we zokugula kubhekwe atholwe immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Hhayi ukuletha lesi sifo ezinzima, kumelwe njalo ukuqapha iziguli futhi ulungise ukwelashwa. Kuze kube yimanje, azihlole Kwenziwa, ubuningi begciwane. It ikuvumela ukuhlola nesigaba lesi sifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sivivinyo wenziwa ukuze kutholakale olunye isu ukwelashwa.

Kungani ukuchitha umthamo wegciwane egazini?

Njengoba yaziwa, amagciwane yakhiwa DNA noma RNA molecule. acid nucleic zimumethe zofuzo. I-viral load - ukuhlolwa ukuthi wenziwa ukuba anqume inani RNA ye lwegciwane egazini. Lolu cwaningo engenziwa ezifundeni ezihlukahlukene sokugembula. Phakathi kwabo - HIV, i-hepatitis B no-C, i-herpes, cytomegalovirus , njll Lokhu kuhlaziya akuxhomekile nje kuphela esimweni inani nesidoda okunikelwe kuyigazi, kodwa nesigaba lesi sifo ... Okungukuthi, abangabantwana wegciwane yisikali sokuthi isifo zaba namandla kakhulu. Ukubala wenziwa ahlola i-RNA amakhophi ngamunye 1 ml plasma yegazi. Ukuze sithole wegciwane kungenzeka kuphela laboratories ekhethekile. Kukhona izindlela eziningana enza lolu cwaningo. Okuvame kakhulu ubhekwa ukusabela polymerase chain (i-PCR). Ngokusebenzisa ukuhlaziywa uphatha ukumambula ngesivinini esingakanani inqubo isifo siqhubeka. Ngalo, akhethiwe Isikali ukuthaka imithi, futhi inquma Izibikezelo.

Ukunqunywa of isimo somzimba sokuzivikela kwe-HIV

I-viral load e-HIV kuyasiza ukuphenya isimo somzimba sokuzivikela sesiguli. Ezigulini, lesi sibalo sinciphile. Ngokuchaza isimo mzimba zingakwazi bayokwahlulelwa isimo umzimba ozivikela ngayo. Inkomba kuhlanganisa sebuningini izici ambalwa kanye qualitative. Ukuze sithole isimo somzimba sokuzivikela lomuntu, aphethwe izigaba eziningana ngokulandelana. Phakathi kwabo:

1. Ukuqoqwa izikhalazo kanye anamnesis. It uphendulela imvamisa pathologies ezithathelwanayo (SARS, i-herpes, fungal), asabela ngayo lokugoma, izinto zokwelapha.
2. Ukunqunywa inani egazi mzimba. Lawa amaseli egazi amhlophe, ama-lymphocyte, monocytes futhi granulocytes.
3. Ukubulawa izivivinyo ezikhethekile laboratory. Phakathi kwabo - the nomthamo wegciwane egazini.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo wenziwa immunoassay. It kuhilela ukuthola okuqukethwe T- B-lymphocyte, immunoglobulin, ayisiza, mzimba iseli receptor. HIV Okubaluleke ngokukhethekile kunikezwa lokuhlushwa i-CD4 egazini. amaseli ukuzivikela Lokhu yokwamukela - T umsizi amaseli. Ukuthi iyathinteka immunodeficiency virus. Ngemva zonke izinyathelo abazenzi ukuhlaziya ulwazi. Ngakho, lo dokotela kwenza isiphetho mayelana nesimo somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni.

I-viral load of HIV: izinkomba. Norm pathology

Ukutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza isimo somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, kunezinguquko emakiwe. wegciwane isifundo ukunquma yini noma cha umuntu uthelelekile. Ngokuvamile pathogen zofuzo (RNA) emzimbeni akufanele kube. Lokho umuntu enempilo inani izinhlayiya viral zero. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu sibalo kungenzeka kancane anda. Ngokwesibonelo, uma umuntu ine zokugula kokuzalwa omzimba, nesifo esinzima izinso noma endocrine nezindlala. Nokho, wegciwane le-HIV lihlukile ngalezi zinkomba, bekulokhu nezinye izifo. Endabeni immunodeficiency syndrome, izophila elingaphezulu kakhulu kwaleli. Indlela ukucacisa nesigaba lesi sifo ngosizo kulolu cwaningo? Kuyini ubuningi begciwane izibalo HIV? Kuyinsakavukela kuyinto amakhophi e 1 ml wegazi engaphansi kwengama-20 eziyinkulungwane. Uma ukubaluleka etholwe lingaphezulu, kusho ukuthi-ke kuyadingeka ukushintsha uhlobo lwemithi yokwelapha. Inkomba wegciwane amakhophi angaphezu kuka-500 eziyinkulungwane e-HIV 1 ml serum kubonisa ngasekupheleni isifo esiteji (AIDS).

Ngenxa le ndlela yokuhlola abahluleli udokotela sendlela ukuthuthukisa egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Ngokwethulwa isivivinyo mkhuba wegciwane, ososayensi kungase kutholakale ukuthi izifo ezifana ne-HIV, akusho ame. Ngezidambisi gciwane (ARV) kunganciphisa ukufanisana RNA ye lwegciwane. Izifundo ezifana isimo somzimba sokuzivikela kanye wegciwane kumcoka hhayi kuphela ukwelashwa kodwa futhi ngoba Izibikezelo lesi sifo. Uma inani lamakhophi HIV e 1 ml igazi idlula 100,000, ke kufakazela ukuqeda-esiteji isifo. Ukwethulwa kwalesi ukuhlaziywa bavunyelwe ukulawula human immunodeficiency virus. It Kwenziwa hhayi kuphela iziguli, kodwa futhi abantwana abazalwa omama elinegciwane, kanye nabantu enempilo nge kungenzeka esolwa ukutheleleka.

wegciwane: sivamile sokusha kwesibindi sohlobo C.

Enye ezivamile futhi iyingozi zokugula kubhekwe sokusha kwesibindi sohlobo C. Lesi sifo ubizwa ngokuthi "kancane umbulali" ngoba kuthinta umzimba iminyaka eminingi. Kwaphela isikhathi eside, isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C akusho ukuzibonakalisa. Ngakho ngokuvamile abantu musa noma usola ukuthi yilesi igciwane enyantisayo. I-ejenti causative is udle umzila parenteral, okungukuthi ngokusebenzisa igazi. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi ezinqubweni zokwelapha (zamazinyo, izifo zabesifazane, beauty zokwelapha). Futhi angahlangani kwenzeka abantu bafake izidakamizwa.

I-viral load of-hepatitis C kuboniswa okwazo zonke iziguli. Njengoba kwaba njalo endabeni ka-HIV, kuyasiza anqume inani zofuzo we lwegciwane egazini. Ngokuvamile, kufanele kube khona amakhophi igciwane. Ukuhlolwa ezigulini womuntu kwembula ukuthi kungakanani umuntu kuyingozi kwabanye, kanye ukuhlola imiphumela yokwelashwa. Phezu ukuthola izifo ngendlela efanele usaqala kungenzeka yokutakula. Ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza yokwelapha, enze ucwaningo legciwane egazini. Kunesidingo socwaningo olufanayo olwenziwa ekukhombeni antigen ka HCV.

Ukulotshwa ukuhlaziya ubuningi begciwane sokusha kwesibindi sohlobo C.

I-viral load e-hepatitis C ulinganiswa IU / ml. Okuqukethwe eliphansi pathogen emzimbeni ubufakazi phezu nokwanela sokwelashwa Izibikezelo ezinhle. Kulesi sibalo kuyoba in the ezahlukene amayunithi kusuka 600 kuya ku-3 x 10 ^{4 ku} 1 ml serum. Uma idlula lesi silinganiso, kubalulekile ukuba ukushintsha uhlobo lwemithi yokwelapha. Ngokwandisa ikhophi RNA kuya kwezingu-8 x 10 ⁴ IU / yi ml Kulinganiselwa njengoba viremia isilinganiso. Esimweni lapho sibalo ngenhla, embukisweni sitholakele "degree hepatitis C sina." Ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhona kokunqotshwa izibilini, esizibonakalisa emtholampilo. Lesi sinyathelo esibulalayo.

Kukangaki kufanele nomthamo wegciwane egazini?

Isifundo phezu wegciwane Kwenziwa ngesikhathi ukuthola amasosha hepatitis C virus noma HIV. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlaziywa wenziwa okwazo zonke iziguli abasendleleni Dispensary ngedatha pathologies. Izinsuku wegciwane kuncike isimo lesiguli. Ukuhlaziywa wenziwa 1 isikhathi ngonyaka lapho nisimamiswa. Uma isiguli uthola imithi elwa namagciwane, kokuhlaziywa kwamathenda ukuphumelela ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe njalo ezinyangeni 3. Futhi, yokuhlaziya okwenziwe ngesikhathi isimo sogulayo ukuwohloka.

Amasu nomthamo wegciwane egazini

wegciwane wenziwa ngezindlela 3. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa i-PCR. It ikuvumela ukuba abone amasosha igciwane. Futhi usebenze branched uchungechunge DNA. Lokhu yokuhlola ingazweli. It is kwenziwe ukuhlolwa, kanye ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa (kodwa hhayi i-ukulungiswa yokuphathwa). Enye indlela enembile futhi ezingabizi ukuhlonza lwegciwane kuyindlela RNA umbhalo okhulisa.

Iphutha ngesikhathi wegciwane

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi zonke izindlela yokunquma wegciwane ngokwanele ngempumelelo, umphumela ayilungile kungenzeka. Amaphutha ekucubunguleni kuyagcinwa ngesikhathi okungalungile igazi izibonelo zalokho, ukungcola yayo, kanye kokunikezwa kwe-nemibandela isitoreji. imiphumela engemihle Amanga kungenzeka ezinyangeni zokuqala ngemva igciwane. Ngakho-ke, ezimweni ukutheleleka esolwa isifundo kufanele liphindwe ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.

Ngingalutholaphi zihlolelwe wegciwane?

umthwalo cwaningo okunobuthi kwenziwa laboratories ekhethekile, okuyinto babe nezinto ezidingekayo. Iinsetjenziswa zokukhwela PCR anemisila izikhungo AIDS, kanye ezinye izikhungo zokuxilonga yangasese.