I-Larynx: imisebenzi kanye nesakhiwo. Imisebenzi ye-larynx yomuntu

Konke okusemzimbeni womuntu kucatshangwa ngemininingwane encane kunazo zonke, futhi yonke isitho esisodwa sinomsebenzi wendawo yayo yomsebenzi. Okwamanje ngifuna ukukhuluma ukuthi yiyiphi i-larynx. Imisebenzi kanye nesakhiwo salo mzimba sizoxoxwa kulesi sihloko.

I-terminology eyinhloko

Ekuqaleni, kubalulekile ukuqonda imigomo nemibono ezosetshenziswa ngokugcwele emibhalweni yendaba. Ngakho-ke, i-larynx kuqala futhi iyinhloko engxenyeni engavundi, ingxenye ekhethekile futhi ebaluleke kunawo wonke ohlelweni lokuphefumula. Iqukethe ubuningi bemisipha kanye ne-cartilages, ephakathi kwe-pharynx ne-trachea futhi yenza umsebenzi obaluleke kunazo zonke abelwe wona: qedela iphethri yokuphefumula. Ngamafuphi, imisebenzi ye-larynx: ukwakheka kwezwi, kanye nokudluliselwa kwe-oxygen emaphashini.

Ukwakhiwa kwe-larynx

Manje kusobala ukuthi i-larynx iyini. Isakhiwo nemisebenzi yalesi sitho kubaluleke kakhulu. Itholakala esifundeni kusukela ku-4 kuya ku-6 vertebra yomlomo wesibeletho. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-larynx ixhunywe ngethambo le - hyoid, kanye nemigqa. Kusukela phezulu kuzokwenziwa nge-pharynx, kusukela ngezansi - ne-trachea. I-larynx ngokwayo yilawa okuthiwa i-cartilaginous skeleton, emelelwa yizinqola ezinkulu ezilandelayo:

• I-arytenoid;
• I-Coroniform;
• Yakha umumo.

Yona kanye isisekelo salo mzimba i-cartilage ye-carpal, ebizwa ngokuthi ngenxa yokuthi isakhiwo sayo sinjengendandatho. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ungayithola futhi. Kuqondile ngaphansi kwe-apula ka-Adam, noma, ngamanye amazwi, "i-apula ka-Adamu".

I-larynx ihlanganiswe i-epiglottis - isifo esithile esingasetshenzisiwe esivikela ukuphefumula kokungenisa kokudla, kanye nezinto ezivela ngaphandle. I-cartilages ye-arythritic itholakala edongeni elingemuva kwe-larynx. Ngokwabo, bayiselula, ngakho-ke igebe eliphakathi kwabo lingakwandisa futhi livumelane, kuye ngesidingo.

Imisipha ye-larynx

Uma sicabangela isitho esinjalo njenge- larynx, isakhiwo nemisebenzi ayikwazi ukunakwa. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi imisipha esakhiweni se-larynx ibaluleke kakhulu. Bangaphandle nangaphakathi.

Umgomo oyinhloko wemisipha yangaphandle ukuphucula nokuphakamisa lesi sitho. Kukhona okungu-4:

• I-Chestnut-ezilinganiselwe;
• Shizhlotochatochnaya;
• I-Sternotum;
• I-Hypoglossary.

Ukuhlukaniswa izidumbu zangaphakathi kwemisipha kungcono kakhulu. Ngakho, ziwela ezinhlokweni ezine eziyinhloko:

1. Imisipha emibili yokuqala ibhekene nokwandisa, kanye nokunciphisa i-glottis.
2. Imisipha yesithathu isebenza ukuhlukumeza kwezintambo zezwi.
3. Okwesine inikeza inhlangano encane njenge-epiglottis.

Enye ngesakhiwo se-larynx

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kunezinye izingxenye ze-larynx.

• Umthambo we-thyroid usiza ukuhlinzeka ngalesi sici ngegazi. Ukuphuma kwalo kwenzeka nge-vein jugular engenhla.
• I-larynx ngokwayo iqukethe iminyango emithathu: isikhala esiphezulu, esiphakathi, nesikhombisi esilandelayo.
• Ukutholakala kwe-larynx kunikezwa amagatsha omzimba, okubizwa ngokuthi ukugeleza.

Umsebenzi we-larynx 1. Ukuqhuba

Uma sicabangela isitho esinjalo njenge-larynx, imisebenzi yayo ayikwazi ukunakwa. Okokuqala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-larynx yidayimane. Idlulisela umoya emgodini emaphashini, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwendlela yokuphefumula. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lesi sitho singathonya ukujula, kanye nesigqi sokunyakaza kokuphefumula ngenxa yokwandiswa noma ukunciphisa. Konke kuncike ekutheni i-larynx "yayithandile" umoya owakhanyiswa ngumuntu.

Umsebenzi we-larynx 2. Ukuphefumula

Siphinde sicabange ngemisebenzi esemqoka ye-larynx. Kusukela esigabeni esandulele silandela kahle: lo mzimba uthatha ingxenye eqondile ohlelweni lokuphefumula. Inani lomoya elinikezwa emgqumeni ophansi lokuphefumula lilawulwa ukwanda nokuphambana kwe-larynx. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi uma umuntu ephefumula ngokuvamile, ngokuthula, igebe lezwi likhulisa kancane. Ngokuphefumula okujulile, kukhula kakhulu, futhi uma umoya uboshwe, ulula kancane.

Umsebenzi we-larynx 3. Isivikelo

Ngaphezu kwalokho sicabangela imisebenzi ye-larynx. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngomunye wemisebenzi yakhe ebaluleke kakhulu - ukuvikelwa. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi kudla ukudla, i-epiglotti inempahla yokuhla, ukuze i-larynx ikhuphuke kancane. Ngenxa yalokho, akunakwenzeka ukuthola ukudla ku-lumen yalesi sitho, esingathinta kabi ukusebenza kwayo. Ukukhulisa i-epiglottis kuyisithiyo sokuvikela sokuqala. Okulandelayo ukukhwehlela okuqine kakhulu okwenzeka emva kwezinhlayiya zokudla ukungena ku-larynx. Ngakho umzimba uphonsa okungadingekile kwalesi sitho. Izinga lesithathu lokuvivinya ukutholakala kwe-baccusicidal mucus, ama-nodules lymphatic kanye ne-epithelium ecilili.

Umsebenzi 4. Ukwakhiwa kwezwi

Yimuphi omunye umsebenzi owenza i-larynx? Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusho ukuthi lesi sitho esithile singumzimba owenza izwi. Okusho ukuthi, i-larynx evumela abantu ukuthi bakhulume futhi baxoxe no-interlocutor ulwazi olufunayo. Kodwa ukulinganisa "izwi eliphilayo" sekuvele umsebenzi wezinye izidumbu. Imisindo ehlukahlukene izalwa ku-larynx. Kulapha ukuthi bathole umbala okhethekile womzwelo.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amanye ama-hormone angathinta umsebenzi nomsebenzi wezintambo zezwi. Isibonelo, amahomoni we-gonads, ama- adrenals, ugqozi we-thyroid kanye ne-pituitary gland. Yingakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (esikhathini esukela eminyakeni engu-12 kuya kwengu-16) umuntu angashintsha noma "aphule" izwi.

Ngokufushane mayelana nayo yonke imisebenzi ye-larynx

Ngemva kokucubungula ngokuningiliziwe yonke imisebenzi ye-larynx yomuntu, njengesiphetho esincane kungaba isifiso sokunikeza uhlu olufushane lokuzijwayeza okusheshayo:

1. I-larynx ithatha umoya ovela e-trachea ngendlela eyodwa nakwe-nasopharynx kwenye.
2. Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu ye-larynx: lawula inani nenani lomoya ozayo.
3. I-larynx ilawula ukujula, kanye nesigqi sokuphefumula komuntu.
4. Yini enye eyenza i-larynx? Imisebenzi yalo mzimba ivikeleka ekungeneni kwezinhlayiya zokudla kanye nezinye izinto ezivela ngaphandle. Kulokhu, izindlela ezintathu zokuzivikela eziyisisekelo ziyaqala ukusebenza.
5. Yimiphi eminye imisebenzi ye-larynx? Lo mzimba uthatha ingxenye ngqo ekudalweni kwezwi. Kulapha ukuthi yonke imisindo izalwa, okuyinto kamuva eyakha inkulumo yomuntu evamile.

Izifo ze-larynx

Ngemva kokuqonda ukuthi i-larynx iyini, imisebenzi yalo mzimba, kudingeka futhi sisho amagama ambalwa mayelana nezinkinga nezifo ezingayithinta.

1. Intuthuko engavamile. Kulesi simo, i-defect of the membrane. Ungakwazi ukubhekana nalokhu kuphela ngosizo lohlinza. Futhi ngokushesha lapho kwenziwa (ebuntwaneni obudala), kungcono kumuntu.
2. I-stenosis elula. Kwenzeka kakhulu kaningi ezinganeni ezingakafiki eminyakeni emihlanu. Izimbangela zalenkinga zihluke kakhulu. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngokushintsha izwi, i-dyspnea, nokukhishwa okungenasici kwekhanda lomntwana emuva.
3. Ukushisa kwe-larynx. Ungabathola ngenxa yamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene. Kulokhu, lo mzimba uqala ukuvuvukala, futhi kuyoba nobuhlungu obuqinile. Uma izingcingo zamagama zithinteka ngesikhathi esifanayo, izwi lingashintsha.
4. Izinqubo zokuvuvukala. Lezi zinkinga zingabangela isifo esinjenge-stenosis echazwe ngenhla. Izingane ezinokucindezeleka ukuphefumula zizwakala, kungase kube nezinkinga nge-inhalation. Kungase kube nomuzwa wokuntuleka kwe-oxygen.

Ngemva kokucabangela isakhiwo nemisebenzi ye-larynx yomuntu, umuntu angathola isiphetho esilula ukuthi lesi isitho esibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Yingakho, ngokusola okuncane nje kokugula kwakhe, umuntu kufanele afake isicelo sosizo lodokotela. Ukuzibandakanya esitokisini kulesi simo kungaba yingozi empilweni.