I izici esiyinhloko ulwelwe. Izici nokubaluleka ulwelwe

Yiziphi izici eziyinhloko i ulwelwe? Uyini umehluko kusuka kwamanye izitshalo? Iyini imisebenzi? Ake ukubhekana nalokhu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kuyini ukhula?

Kwaze kwaba maphakathi nawo XX kwekhulu, ulwelwe ne isikhunta, ulele namagciwane basonta wehlise izitshalo. Manje lo mqondo ilahlekelwe lokuhambisana. Igama elithi "ulwelwe" kwenzelwe nje eziphilayo, kunokuba ehlelekile. ulwelwe isici kuyadida, ngoba umuntu angaba kiso iminyango ehlukene nezigaba.

Wona kanye umqondo welithi lisho hhayi uhlobo oluthile, futhi lapha kwakukhona iqembu eziphilayo, elihlanganisa eziningi inezici ezicishe. Zimelela a eziphilayo heterogeneous ezinamangqamuzana amaningi, unicellular futhi wamakoloni. Izici eziyinhloko nobuntu ulwelwe - iyona engekho imithambo yegazi, khona-chlorophyll kumaseli, abahlala imvelo yasemanzini. It is kabanzi kwezinkulungwane eziyikhulu ulwelwe ezaziwayo. osayizi wabo kungaba isukela omunye micrometer ukuba 40 metres ubude.

izinhlobo eziningi ulwelwe, futhi amakilasi ehlangana izingxenye oluhlaza, ensundu, igolide, okuphuzi ngokuluhlaza okotshani, cryptophytae. Cishe bonke basonta subkingdoms ulwelwe embusweni isitshalo. Okukhishiwe lona lisiza oluluhlaza. Bona zibalwa njengoba cyanobacteria.

imphawu letibalulekile

izici sici for ulwelwe - iyona khona kwamandla photoautotrophic, okungukuthi i-photosynthesis, ngenxa yokuba khona we-chlorophyll. Izinto kusuka imvelo, ziba bonke ubuso umzimba.

The main izici sici ulwelwe futhi aqukethe ngokungabi bikho ngokwahlukana ecacile ku zomzimba. umzimba wabo akanayo izimpande, sifanamsindvo, amahlamvu, kodwa isakhiwo kuhlukile abameleli ezahlukene ulwelwe. Kungase isimo sesigcilikisha mncane, amapuleti, kuze kudabuke umhlane, njll .. D.

Ulwelwe kungaba ezihlukahlukene imibala. Umbala oluhlaza kwezinhlobo eziningi kunqunywa khona chlorophyll, ibe nombala obomvu, ophuzi nezinye ibonisa zombala ahlukahlukene. Abanaso yakha izimbali, kabusha nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kwenzeka esebenzisa ezinhlamvu, vegetative noma ngendlela yocansi.

ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo

Ekuqaleni, sizalwa nawo ngendlela wamanzi okuphila, kodwa ezinye izinhlobo zawo ziye ngiyijwayele impilo enhlabathini, izihlahla, ngisho amatshe. Ulwelwe usayizi ezincane kungase kufakwe neminye ulwelwe, noma ukuphila phansi imizimba amanzi, njengengxenye benthos.

Ezinye izinhlobo zawo ezincane ukubhukuda ngokukhululekile ezingqimbeni eliphezulu yamanzi plankton. Kukhona zinhlobo yisinanakazana ukuthi yethulwe igobolondo umzimba. Ubukhulu Maximum babe kelp. Inwebisa, akha lonke amahlathi ngaphansi kwamanzi, isikhoselo ukudoba nezinye izilwane.

Ayevame ukuphila ekujuleni ukuthi ziyakwazi ngaphezulu eyenza umuntu acabange eseZwini elangeni. Ukujula obuyisilinganiselo kwamamitha angu-200, nakuba izinhlobo eziningi ningaweli ngezansi amane. On kobuso ulwelwe ngokuvamile zikhule ngaphansi umswakama okuhle. Abakwazi avele ngisho ocingweni noma endlini. Ukungena Symbiosis ne isikhunta, abanye ulwelwe abangu nabo zibe munye, ukwakha zinhlobo ehlukile eziphilayo - ulele.

Ukubaluleka yemvelo

Ngenxa photosynthesis asebenzayo ulwelwe kukhona abakhiqizi eyinhloko izinto eziphilayo emanzini. Ngenxa nokusakazwa carbon dioxide ne-oksijini, bayingxenye ukuzungeza global izidakamizwa. Abasebenzisi abasebenzise njengezipho a biofuel isetshenziselwa umshini ohlanza amanzi.

Ulwelwe ngukudla kwezidalwa eziningi. Bacebile-iodine namaminerali, ngakho ezinye izinhlobo zabantu zisebenzisa, isibonelo, Ulvi, ulwandle Kale. Zisetshenziswa pharmaceutics, kanye embonini chemical ukuthola i agar-agar, i-cellulose, acetic acid, i utshwala.