I-Gumi-berry: izakhiwo nencazelo ewusizo

I-Gumi iyi-berry, engaziwa kakhulu ezweni lakithi, kodwa yande eningizimu yeSakhalin, eKorea, eJapane naseChina.

Incazelo yesithelo se-gum

Lesi sitshalo sokuhlobisa nesiphilisi, esiyisihlobo esiseduze kakhulu se-sea-buckthorn ne-shepherddia, sihle kakhulu. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka afana ne-alliptical shape, ebonakala ngombala obushelelezi obumhlophe futhi ekhumbuza i-laurel; Kusuka ngezansi zidwetshwe ngombala wesiliva. Amajikijolo abomvu abomvu afakwe ezitshalweni ezide ahlanganiswe amachashazi e-silvery, ngokubukeka abukeka njengezinhlamvu, futhi enambithekeni encane kakhulu - e-persimmon evuthiwe. Isitshalo esihle kakhulu seju, sibheka izinyosi ngephunga lezimbali. Ukuma kwesithelo kuyinto cylindrical noma spherical. Lesi sitshalo siyinkimbinkimbi, yokuphakama okuphakathi, cishe amamitha ayi-3 ububanzi bomqhele wamamitha angu-2.5. Kunemiphongolo encane. Uhlelo lwempande lohlobo lwe-branched alujulile: cishe ngo-40 cm. Ezimpandeni kunezinyosi lapho amabhaktheriya okulungisa i-nitrogen ehlala khona.

I-Gumi-berry: izici zokukhula

Esikhathini sokuqala sokuhlushwa kweshumi (uma kungenjalo i-firtif multiflorous) ingena ngonyaka wesithathu wokutshala. Izimbali zivela ngoJuni, izithelo zivuthwa phakathi nehlobo. Zibambelele ngokuqinile emagatsheni, zingaqhubeki, aziwa phansi lapho amaqhwa efika futhi ehlukana nomzamo. Ukukhula komzimba kwenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngakho ukuvunwa kwenzeka ezinyathelweni eziningana (ngoJulayi). Kusukela ku-shrub oyedwa omdala ungathola cishe u-10 kg wezithelo ezimnandi nezomnandi kakhulu, ezibonakala ngokuthuthwa okuphezulu: uma ukuthutha amajikijolo akunikezi ijusi. Ama-gumi amajikijolo (isithombe singabonakala ngenhla) ayinambitheka esimweni esisha nesomisiwe, esetshenziselwa amakhemikhali, ama-jams, ama-compotes, adalule ngokugcwele ukunambitheka kwawo kumasiki amnandi namuncu ukuze adle inyama. Inqubo yokugcina, ayimile, kodwa njengokungathi i-wilted, cishe izinyanga ezingu-8 zisefrijini.

Ngendlela, ama-10 ahlangana nobusika ngokugcwele, ngomqhele ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Uma kukhona izibonakaliso zesitshalo esihlala sitshalo (amaqabunga amancane namadala ahlangene ndawonye iminyaka emithathu), i-shrub isacatshangelwa ukuthi iyanqamuka: ingahle ilahle amahlamvu ekupheleni kwehlobo bese igxila esimweni sokuphumula.

Amajikijolo amaGumi: inzuzo nokulimala

I-Gumi ekubunjweni kwayo iqukethe amino acid amaningi, amashukela, i-carotene, ama-phenolic, ama-tannic ne-pectin, ama-salts e-phosphorus, i-potassium ne-calcium, ehlonishwa kakhulu emithini yemithi. Inani levithamini C emagqabini nezithelo zitshalo liphindwe izikhathi eziningana kunokwama-black currant nezithelo ze-citrus. Ama-gum amajikijolo, izakhiwo eziwusizo ezitholwa yizokwelapha zomdabu, ziqiniseke ngokujwayelekile, izakhiwo eziphikisanayo nezivuthayo, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-sclerosis, zibe nemiphumela emihle ekujikelezeni kwegazi, zisetshenziselwa izifo zenhliziyo kanye nezinkinga zesisu.

Akunconywa ukusebenzisa izithelo zama-gum uma kwenzeka ukungaboni ngaso sonke isikhathi. Esikhathini sikashukela esincane kufanele sikhawule inombolo yabo. Azikho ezinye izinqunquthela zamajikijolo asempumalanga.

Izakhiwo zokuhlobisa eziyishumi

Isihlahla sama-gumi sihlobisa kakhulu ngaphandle kwanoma yisiphi isayithi kungumhlobiso wangempela, kungashiwo, ikhadi elivakashelwayo. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo sibheka ngaphandle kwamagatsha omnqumo omncane anezinhlangothi ezinjenge-linden, efihlekile. I-Spring iyakuthanda ngezimbali ezikhanyayo ezifucumfucu zefomu le-tubular, elishicilela iphunga elimangalisayo elimnandi, namaqabunga amahle: eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ehlobo nasephuzi-orange ngesikhathi sasebusika. Ngenxa yezinhlanzi zegolide ezibomvu, ezigcwele izithelo, amaqabunga kanye namahlumela, lesi sitshalo sibheka ngokucacile esizindeni esiseduze.

Izici zokunakekelwa

Lapho kunakekelwa yi-ten berry, ukulima okungekho nzima kakhulu, okungenakuqhathaniswa ngokuphelele, isitshalo singamelana nesithwathwa (esibhekene namazinga okushisa kuya ku-30 ° C), ayesabi izinambuzane nezifo. Endabeni ye-frostbite, ingasheshe ithole futhi iqale amahlumela amasha. Noma kunjalo, i-berry, amahlumela amancane lapho kunconywa khona ukuqala ukulimala: ukugoba phansi, bese umboza ngama-brushwood namaqabunga.

Lesi sitshalo sithinta kahle ekukhuliseni nasekuphuzeni njalo, akusho ukuthi senze ihlumela lempande. Izinyathelo zokudla kufanele zenziwe minyaka yonke, okwenza isihlahla ngasinye sibe yi-8 kg we-compost, 150 amagremu enkuni kanye namagremu angu-30 e- superphosphate kabili. Ukunisela kuphakanyiswa kakhulu izitshalo ezincane, izibonelo ezindala zesomiso zibekezela.

Ngenxa yelungiselelo eliseduze le-root system, inhlabathi eseduze nesihlahla ayikhuthazwa ukuba ikhululeke, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-mulching. Ukusika izihlahla akudingi, ngaphandle kwehlanzekile. Emva kweminyaka engu-13-15 emva kokutshala, kunconywa ukuvuselela lesi sitshalo.

Ukukhiqizwa kweberry empumalanga

Amaphesenti ayishumi-amajikijolo ngezindlela eziningana: ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, imbewu kanye nezendlalelo. Inqubo yembewu iyona elula futhi iqukethe izithelo zokuqoqa, ukuwahlanza kusukela emaspini bese uwabeka emasakeni esikhwameni ngaphambi kokushicilelwa. Khona-ke imbewu kufanele ixutshwe nge-wood sawdust futhi ingcwatshwe emhlabathini ngokujula kwama-30 cm (ngesikhathi sasebusika). Inyanga ngaphambi kokutshala, susa, ubeke esikhwameni sepulasitiki nge-substrate futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ushuthukise. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufika emabhokisini nokuqukethwe ezimweni zokushisa. Ngokunakekelwa ngokucophelela, izithombo ezincane zizofinyelela ukuphakama kwesigamu semitha phakathi nehlobo. Ebusika, kudingeka bavikeleke, bangabonakala ekamelweni elifudumele ukuze likhule. Ukufika emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa emva kokuvela okungenani amahlumela amathathu bese ufinyelela uhlelo lwempande lobude obuyi-20 cm.