I-burgomaster yi ... Kuyini i-burgomaster: incazelo, incazelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwegama

Ubani ummeya? Incazelo inezincazelo eziningana. Okokuqala, i-burgomaster yigama leposi lokuphatha, elibhekene nenhloko yamagunya wedolobha. Kukhona nezinye izincazelo. Isibonelo, kukhona uhlobo lwe-seagull eneli gama.

Umlando wegama elithi "burgomaster"

I-Burgomaster yigama elibi elijamekile lesiGerman elithi Burgmeister, elisho ngokwezwi nezwi ukuthi "inhloko yedolobha". Isihloko sokuthunyelwa kwe-burgomaster sabonakala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-16 kuya kwe-17 emazweni athile aseYurophu, okwakukhona okwamukelekayo kulo mkhuba wezomthetho waseJalimane: iSwitzerland, Austria, Luxembourg, Denmark, Belgium, Hungary, Germany, naseBaltic. Ngaleso sikhathi, incazelo yegama elithi "burgomaster" yachazwa njengeposi eliphethwe yinhloko yombuso womuzi.

E-Russia, i-mayor kuze kube yizinkulungwane ezingama-60 zangekhulu le-XIX elibizwa ngokuthi inhloko yombuso womuzi. Isikhulu esinjalo sasinqunywa ngumphumela wokhetho lwemiphakathi yasemadolobheni. I-Burgomaster ekhethiwe yongamele amahholo omasipala namantji. Wayengomunye waba "inhloko ye-zemstvo" yangaphambili. Emadolobheni wesifundazwe uMeya wayebhekwa njengesisebenzi sikahulumeni esikoleni sesishiyagalolunye, futhi emadolobheni wesifundazwe wayebhekwa njengesikhulu sekilasi leshumi. Izinga lekilasi linquma izinzuzo umeya azijabulela. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kwakungezwani emalini yemali kanye nezimo zezindlu.

Ukukhethwa kwe-burgomaster kwenziwa njalo eminyakeni emithathu, kanti umholo wokugcinwa kwawo wanikezwa ngemali yezindleko zomuzi. Umsebenzi okhuthele wesikhulu esinjalo wawuhlonishwa ngamashidi adumayo, amaholo ayenyuka, ukukhululwa kwesakhiwo sefulethi seminyango kusukela ebusweni bendwendwe. Njengamanje, kuwo wonke ama-republic ase-Soviet, isihloko seposi esinjalo sigcinwe kuphela eLatvia. Iposi le "vowel burgomaster" likhona eRiga.

I-Burgomaster eJalimane

Isibonelo, ake sithole ukuthi yi-burgomaster e-Germany: isikhundla, isihloko noma ummangali, kusibonelo sommeli waseBerlin (lokho akwenzayo, yiziphi imisebenzi zakhe).

I-dolobha ephethe iBerlin ikhethwe hhayi nje kuphela njengenhloko yombuso omkhulu wesifundazwe, kodwa futhi njengenceku yomphakathi ehlanganisa imisebenzi emibili efana: i-dolobha yedolobha kanye nongqongqoshe wezwe laseBerlin. Ummeli wamanje kanyekanye uyinhloko yombuso waseBerlin (iSenate).

Ngandlela-thile, ngaphambi kuka-1948, iMeya yaseJalimane ibizwa ngokuthi "uMninimzi omkhulu weBurgomaster". Futhi incazelo "yeBriggomaster esebusayo" igama elithi ikhanda lomuzi waseJalimane elitholwa eziphathimandla zaseSoviet ngemuva kwempi. Yiqiniso, isebenza kuphela ensimini ye-GDR. E-Federal Republic yaseJalimane, kwakungekho nkulumo, ngoba amazwe aseNtshonalanga ayenethonya lapho.

Kuyini uBurmist?

Uma i-burgomaster ingu-boss wedolobha, khona-ke umsizi wesikhonzi senkantolo ungumholi wendawo. ERussia, kungenzeka ukuthi ube ngumdala wendawo, owayephethe ukugcwaliseka kwezibopho zabo. Uphinde wabekwa icala ngokuqinisekisa ukuhleleka emzaneni.

Ngezinye izikhathi umqashi wayengumuntu oqokwe umnikazi womhlaba ukuphatha impahla yakhe. Ngaphansi kokubusa kuka-Emperor Peter the Great, i-burgomaster ne-burgomaster yilo elifanayo negunya elisetshenziselwe ukuphatha umuzi futhi lihambelana nehholo lomuzi lomqashi noma ikamelo laseMoscow. Isikhulu esinjalo sasibophezele ukubekwa kwezakhiwo, ukwakha kabusha, ukuqoqwa kwezinsiza zezakhiwo ezintsha. Wabuzwa ukuba khona kwefulethi lenhloko-dolobha kanye namandla okulwa amabutho esifunda.

Incazelo yanamuhla kaMeya

Njengamanje, iMeya nguMeya wedolobha, ophethe inhloko yokuphatha. Ezandleni zakhe yiwona wonke amandla okuphatha endaweni ethile. ERussia igama laleli thumela lalisungulwa ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union. Manje leli gama seliye lasemthethweni.

Ngesikhathi ukhetho lomkhandlu wedolobha luqedile, ukhetho lwamagoli lwalubanjwe kubamengameli, abameli be-duma yedolobha. Futhi ngokufanele, i-mayor omusha kumele kube yiyona inhlangano yephalamende.

Okuthunyelwe okufanayo

UMeya uyisikhulu esiphezulu somuzi eJalimane namazwe amaningi aseYurophu. Kodwa kwakukhona futhi kukhona amanye amagama okuthunyelwe okufanayo kwamakhanda ohulumeni basekhaya.

• UMeya igama elikhona emazweni aseBalkan: Macedonia, Croatia, Serbia, Montenegro;
• I-dolobha yedolobha - isikhulu somphakathi e-Ukraine, eRussia, e-Estonia kuze kube ngo-1918;
• Isikhulu - isisebenzi emadolobheni aseLithuania naseCzech Republic;
• Umongameli womuzi - igama likaMeya wasePoland;
• Inhloko yokuphatha komuzi - inceku yomphakathi eRussia naseKazakhstan;
• Inhloko kamasipala - inhloko yedolobha noma idolobha laseRussia;
• Usihlalo wesifundazwe - umphathi wedolobha lombuso e-Albania.

Incazelo yezokwelapha

Lisho ukuthini i-burgomaster ngokwemvelo? Akekho umuntu owaziyo ukuthi lokhu akuyona nje iyunithi yokuphatha, kodwa futhi negama elikhulu le-polar! Leli gama libangelwa indawo yokuhlala kwenyoni, okuyinto inyoni, okuthiwa "imakethe yezinyoni". Lapha i-seagull "iqoqa intela" evela eqoqweni lezinyoni ezifudukayo ezinkampanini ngendlela yamaqanda nezinkukhu. Indawo yokusabalalisa ye-seagull yizifunda ze-polar zaseMelika, e-Asia naseYurophu. Ukuhlala kule nyoni kuyizintaba ezinamadwala, i-tundra esogwini, iziqhingi zase-Arctic.

Ekuphetheni, siyaqaphela ukuthi ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 lemibhalo echazwe ngamagama ajwayelekile angaphandle, ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ngesiRashiya, avela eMoscow naseSt. Petersburg. Ngokusho kwencazelo yabo, ummeli ngu:

• "Inceku ekhethiwe yomuzi, owokuzalwa ekilasini lomthengisi ukuba abe khona emihlanganweni ejwayelekile yaseDuma nokubuyekezwa kwezidingo zasemadolobheni";
• "Meya wedolobha kuwo wonke amadolobha aseJalimane";
• "Umphathi wezindawo ezihamba phambili edolobheni."

Futhi i-burgomaster yizwi eliye ladume kakhulu ngenxa yomsindo wayo wangasendulo. Linike igama lezinto ezingavamile kunazo zonke, ekuboneni kokuqala, izinto. Ngalesi gama i-mini-brewery yavulwa edolobheni laseLviv (e-Ukraine), naseMoscow, eTheatre Square, indawo yokudlela yasebhiya ethi "Burgomaster" isebenza. Igama elifanayo linombusi wezwe lama-fairytale u-Esgaroth kumabhayisikobho amahle "I-Hobbit".