I-Biography ye-Alexei Tolstoy - i-lyric encane, isazi sezomlando nomdlali we-playwright

Izwe lonke lidumile eRussia hhayi kuphela ngezindawo zalo zokukhiqiza, kodwa nangenxa yamanani awo amasiko amaningi. Ithonya elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni izincwadi zakudala zezwe lanikezwe abalobi abathathu abanekhono, babumbene ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa: Leo Tolstoy, Alexei Tolstoy kanye no-Alexei Tolstoy. I-biography emfushane yalowo nalowo mbhali ugcwele imizwelo nokuhlupheka, okhethiwe futhi amaqiniso acacile kakhulu kusukela ekuphileni kwabadali abese asetshenziswa njengesisekelo salunye udalo.

Ezinye imithombo ithi u-Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin noLevi Nikolaevich Tolstoy babeyizihlobo. Abakhulukazi babo babengodadewabo. Abafundi abangenalwazi ngezinye izikhathi bacabange ngephutha ukuthi u-Alexei abe ngumfowabo kaLeo. Lokhu akulona iqiniso: nakuba babe nesibongo esifanayo ne-patronymic, bazalwa ngezikhathi ezahlukene nakwezinye izindawo.

I-biography ka-Alexei Tolstoy iphinde ibambe izazi zombhalo ngenhlekelele yakhe kanye nesikhathi esimangalisayo sokudala. Kodwa-ke, lesi sihloko sizobhekana nomuntu wesithathu wendlu yabalobi abakhulu. Mayelana nokuthi ubani owaziwa yiwo wonke umuntu kusukela ebuntwaneni ekuqaleni komkhiqizo "I-Golden Key, noma i-Adventures ka-Pinocchio" - u-Aleksei Nikolaevich Tolstoy. Uyaziwa wonke umuntu njengomculo we-lyricist, umlando wamanoveli nomdlali wezemidlalo.

I-Biography ka-Alexei Tolstoy , obengumlobi wemisebenzi edumile "Aelita", "Ingcweti ye-Hyperboloid Garin", "Ukuhamba Ngezithelo" nabanye, iqala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, okungukuthi ngo-1883 ngoJanuwari 10 (isitayela esidala - ngoDisemba 29). Kwakuyilolu suku edolobheni laseNikolaevsk, ngaphambi kwesifundazwe saseSamara, futhi umbhali we-Golden Key noma i-Adventures ka-Pinocchio wazalwa. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi i-biography ye-Alexei Tolstoy inomsi wompi futhi inikwe iphunga lesibhamu - iMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, i-revolution kanye ne-Great Patriotic War ayishiye impendulo ejulile hhayi kuphela empilweni yomlobi, kodwa nasemsebenzini wakhe. Ngesikhathi esinzima kubantu, umlobi usebenza njengomculi: ngokuhlambalaza nokuhleka usulu uhlambalaza izinyathelo zomuntu ezincwadini zakhe ethi "The Unholy Power", "Umbulali Whale", njll Njengomlobi wezempi, umbhali odumile uhamba ngalesi sikhathi futhi ngo-1917 uMbusi WaseFebruary uyamthola EYurophu.

Yingaleso sikhathi lowo msebenzi ka-Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy wagcwala isihloko esingokomlando. Ngemuva kwegazi likaFebhuwari, i- Revolution ye-Okthoba ifika , okuyinto umlobi engafuni ukuyiqonda noma ayamukele. Umphumela walesi sikhundla ukufuduka emndenini kuya eYurophu. Kamuva, ngemva kokubuyela ezweni lakubo, umlobi waseRussia uzokhuluma ngalokhu njengenkathi enzima futhi enzima. Bekukhona lapha, e-birches zomdabu, ngo-1928, izingxenye ezimbili zokuqala ze-trilogy "Ukuhamba ngezinhlungu" zaqedwa.

I-biography ye-Alexei Tolstoy igcwele izenzakalo ze-Great Patriotic War. Kwakuyizinhlungu nezinyembezi zabantu okwabangela umlobi ukuba enze imisebenzi eminingi emangalisayo, okwakungaba yindalo emangalisayo: idayari ethi "Ivan The Terrible", imiqulu emithathu, ngeshwa, kanye neveli engapheli "uPeter I", ingxenye yesithathu yokugcina ethi "Ukuhamba ngezinhlungu" , "Ngibiza inzondo" nabanye abaningi.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umbhali uphinde abhale izindaba ezimnandi, lapho ukuziphatha okufihliwe ngokujulile: "I-Golden Key, noma i-Adventures ka-Pinocchio," "uSorochi Skazki" nabanye.

Umlobi akatholanga i-revolution, wakhetha ukufuduka, kodwa ekugcineni wabuyela e-USSR kuze kube phakade, umbhali waphathwa ngomusa yiBolsheviks, ongazange afake izipho nezincwadi zomlobi. Izindaba ezintsha zezempi kanye nezinkondlo ezivelele, ukuphila okude kude ne-Motherland kanye nobusuku ngaphansi kwekhanda lezinhlamvu, umcebo omkhulu nomndeni othandekayo, amaqhawe angenasibindi nokungafi emisebenzini kanye nokufa okubuhlungu komdlavuza, omnyama nomhlophe - yilo biography ka-Alexei Tolstoy, indodana ka Count Nikolai Tolstoy. Inombolo enkulu yemisebenzi yombhali iqoshiwe, futhi imidlalo ihlelwe kuze kube yilolu suku. Imisebenzi engaphezu kwengu-50, izigidi zamakhophi kanye nodumo lomhlaba wonke - yilokho okushiwo yinzalo yomlobi odumile.

Yizinto ezingokoqobo zokuphila kwabantu baseSlavic, okuchazwe emisebenzini ka-Alexei Tolstoy, okwenza izwe libuke eRussia nabomakhelwane ngendlela entsha.