I-Atrioventricular block

I-pathologies ye-cardiovascular is a fatal man of today. Futhi esinye sezifo zenhliziyo ezivame kakhulu ukuvimbela i-atrioventricular. Lesi sifo senzeke ngesikhathi sokuphulwa kwemigomo kuya ema-ventricles. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zalesi sifo, i-transverse (ukuvinjelwa kwe-Ashofa-Tavar node) futhi i-longitudinal eyodwa iyodwa, lapho izimpande zenziwa eceleni komunye wemilenze yesikhwama.

Ukukhuluma nge-blockades, kubalulekile ukuphawula i-ode kubo ukuhluka okubalulekile - ukugcwaliseka kwentuthuko. Ngokuvinjelwa kwe-AB okungaphelele, lezi zihlukahluka ezilandelayo zihlukile.

Ukuvinjelwa kwe-Atrioventricular yezinga lokuqala, okwenza amapulisi okuye kancane kancane. Ku-cardiogram kubonakala nge-elongation lesikhathi se-P-Q, kwenzeka kaningi.

Ngokuvinjelwa kwesigaba sesibili, ezinye izimpendulo azigeli kusukela ku-atrium kuya kwi-ventricles. Ku-ECG, lesi sithombe sibonakala njengokunweba okuqhubekayo kwekhasi le-P-Q ngokuwa kwesikhathi esiyinkimbinkimbi ye-ventricular. Khona-ke umjikelezo ubuyiselwe, futhi ukuhlaziywa kubonakala futhi.

Ukuvinjelwa kwe-Atrioventricular yezinga lesithathu kubonakala ngezikhathi ezivamile zomjikelezo we-atrial contraction kanye nokulahlekelwa ngezikhathi zenkimbinkimbi ezibhekene nokweqa kwe-ventricular. Ukuvinjelwa okungaqediwe kuyingozi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokulibala okuphelele kwemiqondo.

Lapho i-AV ephelele yokuvimbela iqala, ukudluliselwa kwemizwa evela e-atria kuya kuma-ventricle akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele. Ngenxa yalokho, i-ventricles inkontileka ngesigqi sayo. Ku-ECG, lokhu kubonakala yizimvamisa ezingavamile kakhulu zokwakhiwa kwezinkimbinkimbi ze-ventricular kanye nokuhlelwa kwazo okungaqondakali, lapho okugcina kungenziwa khona kakhulu kwi-atrial.

Ekhuluma ngemibonakaliso yemitholampilo, kufanele kubone ukuthi ukuvinjelwa kwezinga lokuqala (elingaphelele) kutholakala kuphela uma kwenziwa i-electrocardiogram. I-Auscultatory inqume ukuthi okulandelayo akunakwenzeka. Ukuqeda ukuvimbela kubonakala ngemitholampilo yi-bradycardia, engashintshi ngisho nangemva kokuzivocavoca. Ngokuqondene nezimpawu ze-auscultatory, ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela i-AV ephelele, okuthiwa "i-cannon ithoni" isici, esenzeka lapho ama-ventricles nama-atriums ancipha ngesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokudonsa emvayeni wokuqhaqha kwezingqalasizinda kuya kwezingoma ezingamashumi amathathu noma ngaphansi ngomzuzu, ukuphazamiseka okungazelelwe kokuqwashisa kungabonwa, kanye nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo okwenziwe ukuqhubekela phambili.

Ukuvimbela i-Atrioventricular akunakwenzeka ngokwayo, njalo kulandelwa yisiphi isifo. Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo sibangelwa i-myocarditis (i-diphtheria noma i-rheumatic fever), i-infarction ye-myocardial nokuntuleka kwe-coronary.

Ukwelashwa kwama-blockades ngokuyinhloko kugxile ekuqedeni imbangela eyabangela ukuqala kwesimo somzimba. Ngakho-ke, ekuqaleni, ukuphazamisa, i-myocarditis nezinye izifo ziyaphathwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezimo ezincane (ukuvinjelwa okungaphelele), ukusetshenziselwa izidakamizwa kungasetshenziswa, lapho kusetshenziswa khona ama-glycoside enhliziyo kakhulu.

Ngokuvinjelwa okuphelele, kuphela izindlela eziphumelelayo zokubuyisela isigqi esivamile sokushaya kwenhliziyo kungukungenela okuhlinzekwa ukufaka i-pacemaker (i-pacemaker yokufakelwa). Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukwenza umsebenzi onjalo namuhla kuthuthukisa kakhulu isimo sesiguli futhi kwandisa impilo yabo.

Ngakho-ke, i-arrhythmias ye-cardiac kanye nama- blockages ayenzeka kaningi namuhla futhi zidinga ukwelashwa okuphelele futhi okuphelele, ngoba ukwephula lokhu kungabhubhisi nje impilo yomuntu, kodwa futhi kuyisongo esibi empilweni yakhe.