Haiku - Iyini? Umlando nge-haiku kanye nesakhiwo

isizwe ngamunye izinkondlo esiyingqayizivele. Kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi amaJapane ngokuseduze baqhelile bamela eceleni eSontweni izincwadi emhlabeni. Kuyinto isitayela esiyingqayizivele yokubhala izinkondlo sidalwe kulelizwe. Shayela la dlala iDemo izinkondlo haiku, leli gama esehlale eminyaka.

Kulesi sihloko sizobe ukukhuluma lolu hlobo izinkondlo.

ezifitjhanezo injabulo nothando

Ngu uqobo, izinkondlo Japanese is ebuswa imicabango injabulo ekuphileni, ukutuswa ubuhle, bemvelo, ukucabanga ngalokho okushiwo ukuphila komuntu.

Lolu hlobo izinkondlo waziwa eJapane kusukela ngekhulu XIV. Nokho, ukuthandwa la mavesi yazuza emakhulwini eminyaka kamuva ezimbili kuphela. Basuke lo kabanzi kunazo ngenxa yokuthi Japan ivule uqobo izifiki, ukutshela ngetinkondlo lazo elingajwayelekile. Lokhu kwenzeke ukubonwa ngekhulu XIX.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo imbongi Japanese nomcusumbuli etemibhalo Masaoka shiki owaqamba igama elithi "haiku" ukuze aqokomise lolu hlobo izinkondlo. Igama elithi ubanjwe on futhi yayisetshenziswa kabanzi yokutholwa.

Uma thina manje sizibuze yona haiku - kuba izinkondlo noma cha, noma yisiphi isazi uyosinika asabele kahle kulo mbuzo. Yebo, lokhu izinkondlo, kodwa yokuqala, eyenziwe ngendlela umoya Oriental esiyingqayizivele, egcwele sengqondo Japanese futhi nombono ethile yezwe.

Nokho namuhla, uhlobo olusankondlo uye zizoba isici esiphawula leli ezweni ongaqondakali futhi enhle, lapho izimbali cherry.

Isakhiwo ivesi

haiku Japanese ngokwesiko kufanele libe 17 amaqoqo (okuyinto ikholomu eyodwa Character). Empeleni, basuke enhle kokubili ngaphandle futhi ngaphakathi, emelela isampula ukuvumelana kwendawo yonke.

uhlamvu wesihlanu kuzo zonke inkondlo kufanele kube esiqine wokufihla.

Njengoba masinyane njengoba they zahunyushelwa ezilimini zaseNtshonalanga, abahumushi stasis yayibhekene eziningana nobunzima. Chief phakathi kwawo kwakukhona yokuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuhumusha senkondlo, wasibeka 17 amaqoqo ezinhlamvu, ngakho abahumushi kwadingeka babaleke kusukela lesi sici. Njengoba izinkondlo Japan zibhaliwe ikholomu eyodwa, futhi uma kuhunyushwa ezilimini zaseNtshonalanga abhalwe njengamazwi haiku tercet ngisho quatrains.

By the way, umlolotelo kuleli vesi nakho ayisetshenziswa. Ngezinye izikhathi abahumushi aye ayisebenzisa kaningi imvumelwano izinkondlo, kepha kubi kusukela iphuzu Ngenxa classical art Japanese.

Emaphakathi isithombe haiku

Uma sibona ukuthi haiku ngemvelo - lena inkondlo zakudala Japanese ke sizithola kwesokudla. Ngempela, isithombe emaphakathi nkondlo Uyinhloboni konke ihlobene ukuphila komuntu, ukuqhuma wakhe ngokomzwelo kanye nemizwelo.

Kulokhu, imbongi kufanele njalo akhombe isikhathi sonyaka: phambi kwakhe - ehlobo noma ebusika. Ngenxa yale njongo okuthiwa "izwi yezinkathi ezithile", okusho ivumela umfundi ukuba kalula lokhu haiku mayelana entwasahlobo noma ekwindla.

Haiku baze babhala ngisho ngendlela ekhethekile, basuke njalo libhalwe amashidi ephepheni elihlukile umfundi sokuzindla empeleni yabo, ngaphandle turning ephepheni.

UMdali edume kunazo haiku

EJapane, namanje lihlonishwa izimbongi abaningi abasebenze kule uhlobo. Lokhu Arakida Moritake futhi Yamazaki juice. Kodwa mhlawumbe imbongi edumile kakhulu lolu hlobo baba Matsuo Basho.

Nazi ezinye izibonelo master:

Autumn kusihlwa.

Amagatsha angenalutho lesihlahla.

Bahlala igwababa oyedwa.

***

Ngibona ichibi ubudala.

Yokweqa frog.

Amanzi yanqamula.

Lo mbhali wezinkondlo, owaphila ekhulwini XVII, wadala izinkondlo ekhethekile lyric, egcwele ngesisa, uthando, ukudabuka ethule, futhi inkolelo yokuthi kungenzeka ukuba liyobamba ezikhathini iphepha yokuphila komuntu iyisikhathi esingakanani.

imisebenzi eminingi Lokhu kombhali. Basuke abazinikele zonyaka ezahlukene, ezifundeni ezehlukene komphefumulo womuntu. Kodwa kukhona ifomu kanzulu idluliselwe okushiwo isiko Japanese, ethule kodwa aqinile futhi ehlukile.

Kungani Haiku uthandwa kangaka

Ukuthandwa lolu hlobo izinkondlo kuye kwahlotshaniswa yokuthi nezinye izinhlobo asankondlo Japan ngaleso sikhathi wawubekela imithetho eqinile. Akuwona wonke umuntu angakwazi ukukhokhela ukubhala verses izindikimba yamasosha noma inqubomgomo. A haiku kubhekwe uhlobo ephansi, okuyinto ngizinake abantu ababalulekile, ngakho-ke ngendlela lyrical wesikhathi ngakho babekwazi ukuveza nakho nemizwa yabo.

Ngakho, i-haiku - yizwe yezinto ezenzeka kubantu, bagxila ikholomu eyodwa, noma obuthathu.

Ubuhle baleli izinkondlo amahloni futhi bezibona ukukhanya emhlabeni, ikhono amagama ambalwa ukuba adlulisele yonke Iphalethi yonke imizwelo yabantu. Lapho ngabe Shakespeare ebhaliwe umsebenzi wonke okukhulu, njengoba Lev Tolstoy izodala inoveli enomthamo omningi, imbongi, ngokubhala haiku ungasho umusho owodwa nje, kodwa kuyoba ongenakufa, njengoba nje Byron inkondlo nobe tinkondlo zikaHomer.

Haiku - kungcono ukuphila kwethu namuhla!

Art echazwe izinkondlo Japanese manje ethandwa kakhulu. Namuhla kungenzeka ukufunda haiku nganoma isiphi isihloko, kungase ngisho haiku ngesikole. haiku okwandile ezihlekisayo kanye haiku ngisho caricatures.

I-Japanese ngokwabo bayazigqaja yokuthi uhlobo yabo olusankondlo owayedume kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, abafundi e ilanga liphuma ngisho ukuthola umsebenzi wesikole ekhethekile babhale inkondlo enjalo. Izihloko ezikhethiwe noma yimuphi umdlalo webhola, basketball, volleyball. Haiku - ifomu art ukuthi ungase uhlanganise yonke imikhakha ukuphila.

Nokho, namanje uhlala haiku ethandwa futhi classical elalinikezelwe ezweni imvelo nezwe yonke imizwelo yabantu. Ayakujabulela futhi ugqozi abantu besikhathi sethu kunoma yiliphi izwe emhlabeni.