IQadi - Ijaji zenkolo amaSulumane

Ijaji amaSulumane, okuyinto ayisebenzisa ngayo tinchubo ngokuhambisana Shariah, ngokuthi Cadi. NgeNkathi Ephakathi abantu, okulesi, anakekela izintandane, ababheki wabamisa, esikhundleni ummeli olungisa izivumelwano, kanye Ukuqapha ukuqaliswa kokusebenza imisho zinikelwe phansi kuzo zombili izimo civil kanye nomthetho wezobugebengu.

umahluleli Ezingokomoya AmaSulumane isinciphile imisebenzi yayo yeshumi nesishiyagalolunye kanye ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo ngokuqondene ukuthuthukiswa inkantolo wokuziphilisa omusha. Cadi imisebenzi yayiba isinqumo impikiswano ephathelene nenkolo, umndeni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi lezinceku kwesokudla.

umahluleli Ezingokomoya amaSulumane yaseGibhithe, Turkey kanye Tunisia zakhishwa ngokuqondene ukuvalwa kwe- Court Syariah.

ekuseni Islam

Phakathi nale nkathi uhlelo ubulungiswa anokuhambisana ingakamiswa saveza. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi bonke emavetheksi e egameni Allah. Ekusebenteni, zonke izingxabano asebenzelana ngayo Mohammed. Kunguye kuphela umahluleli amaSulumane ezingokomoya. The Prophet abazange baphishekele inkambo aphoyintimenti, okwakuyoholela kufanele enze imisebenzi zokwahlulela. Muhammad mathupha wahlola zonke izingxabano wazithatha kokubili phakathi amaSulumane, ngakho phakathi kwawo abantu bezinye izinkolo.

nabanye abaholi Zilungile (632-661.) Ingabe ezinze e-ukuxazulula ingxabano ku ngobunyoninco. Ngakho, isimiso sobulungisa wasala engasenabo banoma yiziphi izinguquko ezibalulekile. Esimweni ukuthi imicabango yabantu Prophet nabangaphambi kunoma iyiphi Inkinga yayingekona, nabanye abaholi wacebisana nabangane bakhe. Lokhu kwakuhambisana ekwakhiweni imithetho emisha.

Khalifa kulesi sikhundla wamaJaji. Iningi izimo ngenxa yabo Okubukwe kwababusi. Futhi, yena, kancane ukuphathisa abanye amandla zokwahlulela, amalungu ngamanye ale abefundisi, eyayinawo umthetho omkhulu Islamic. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, laba bantu kufanele ubhekane efanele. Kwakukhona amaSulumane ijaji okungokomoya - Cadi.

Uhlelo ubulungisa ngaphansi Abbasid

Phakathi nenkathi eyiminyaka engu-750-1258. i-Khilafah ziye zaba imboni ebaluleke ukuba post-Qadi al-Kudat. Lokhu ijaji ophakeme enemithwalo yemfanelo ekhethekile. umahluleli Ezingokomoya amaSulumane akhethwe nguJehova. Ephakeme iQadi futhi ukuqapha imisebenzi yabo. Yena umhloli abafakizicelo ulwazi komthetho Islamic ukuba ukubusa kwabo okuthunyelwe.

Ngesikhathi abahluleli kwakungekho ngempumelelo ukuphoqelelwa apharathasi isijeziso. It kwakuxhomeke kwemvume umbusi no Schurti (amaphoyisa). Uma Umbusi wamaSulumane izixazululo umahluleli ayaziwangwa ke ijaji kufanele batjhiye phasi iinkhundla zabo. Ngokuvamile kukhona isimo lapho iQadi ayikwazanga simelane nangobudlova esikhundleni kwezikhulu. Futhi nakuba iningi bakhalaza Umbusi wamaSulumane. UMbusi kancane kancane waqala abeke lesi sici a amajaji ezikhethiwe. Ngakho kwaba khona ezimele "IHhovisi izikhalazo."

Ubani wayenelungelo lokwenqaba ukuba umahluleli

Abahluleli Ezingokomoya bakhethwa hlangana amaSulumane omdala ababengaboshiwe ebugqilini, ubulungisa, zdravomyslyaschi futhi ayinazo ukukhubazeka okungokwenyama. Kadi banamathela izimiso zokuziphatha nezenkolo Islam. Kodwa ababanga ngezinga eliphezulu ulwazi ngolimi Arabic. Kadi wathola kusukela Umbusi wamaSulumane idiploma, okuyinto laduma e amathempeli ka esifundeni sakhe.

imisebenzi

Ngo amajaji ongokomoya nayo ezihambayo ngale umthetho. Ekuqaleni, zazivunyelwa ukuba sicabangele kuphela umndeni kanye tinchabano tenhlalakahle. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo yemfanelo babelwe usukhulile kakhulu. Cady waqala cabanga izingxabano zonke izinhlobo. Kungaba lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela idumela kanye nezidingo abakweletayo abonakele, kwencazelo icala ukweba nokugqekeza, ukuphinga, nokunye. D. okusetshenzelwa zazihlanganisa umahluleli, futhi nezindaba zokholo. Bona kuqashelwe izisekelo zalo, wamemezela ukuqala Ramadan, esimisiwe imams futhi muftis mosque. Ngesikhathi esifanayo umahluleli ezingokomoya wengamela ukubulawa izinqumo abazenzayo, eklanyelwe bashadile nezehlukaniso, kanye baqondisa emajele.

umahluleli lokho okwakwenqatshelwe

umahluleli Ezingokomoya amaSulumane babengenalungelo wamukele izipho ezivela kubantu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kwakufanele bonyana enze babanike endaweni yengcebo jikelele. IQadi okwakwenqatshelwe ukuqula leli cala, okuyinto kuye noma izihlobo zakhe okuhlobana ngokuqondile. Akavumelekile ukuqhuba kwesivivinyo, uma kwaba nendlala siyaphazamisa noma isifo, ukozela, noma usizi, kushisa noma kubanda.

yemithetho

Uma sicabanga icala umahluleli kwadingeka ukuba siqondiswe incwadi engcwele amaSulumane - ngobunyoninco, eyayinekheli Mina izintshumayelo kanye nezinkulumo Mohammed. Uma isinqumo ngabo endabeni ethile ke akashongo lutho, umahluleli wathatha Sunnah. Le ncwadi - iqoqo amasiko engcwele ukutshela mayelana khona nokuziphatha uMprofethi. Uma kungekho mpendulo wahlulele ke kwadingeka ukuba ujike ukuba imithombo eziye athuthukiswe ezikoleni umthetho.

Iphuzu liwukuthi njalo wezwa khona la maqembu amabili. Kulokhu, lo umahluleli kwakumelwe bahlangabezane okufanayo, kanye nasezintweni okuhlalwa kulabo eziye zaholela ekubeni necala. Kwaze kwaba yilapho sebeshiye ukuthi isimangalo ummangali bachazela. Ngemva kokulalela kwakhe, Cadi ahlinzekwa ummangalelwa ukuba bavume ukuba semthethweni izimangalo. Kuyenzeka, leli cala avaliwe. Iphuzu u ngokuwina ummangali kuleli cala, kuyilapho ayengenza bethule ubufakazi. Kungenjalo, ummangalelwa kwakufanele bafunge ukuthi wayeqinisile.