Growing artichokes kusuka imbewu: awusizo nokusikisela

On the ingadi yemifino kumakhelwane ezihlukahlukene izitshalo. Kodwa lokho kuhle ezingavamile ukuthola phakathi ezihlukahlukene yemifino artichoke emangalisayo. Akayena ethandwa, naphezu izakhiwo zabo wezokudla namakhambi okwelapha.

"Umgogodla Ezidliwayo" - isitshalo isidlaliso, zimila eNyakatho neMelika, ukhishwa isivuno yemifino ngenxa yokuthi iba khona. Kodwa, naphezu izici ezingavamile, kuba nezithelo ngempela ewusizo.

incazelo

Ngaphambi artichoke ezimila ensimini yakhe, bajwayelana izici zalo eziyisisekelo.

Zisetshenziswa inohlelo impande evuthiwe. isitshalo Inamandla has amaqabunga amakhulu Lobed embozwe prickles. Okude stem kancane branched lingafika ku 2 amamitha. Ngaphandle, lesi sitshalo libukeka umthombo silvery-oluhlaza ugcwele inflorescences eyindilinga eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Abaningi abaqapheli ukuthi le yemifino eziyigugu akunzima kangako ukuba zikhule, njengoba kungase kubonakale. Futhi kungenziwa zokuzamazama ezahlukene zezulu. Nge imininingwane amahle zokuhlobisa, kungaba iyisivunulo yimuphi yemifino ingadi esibizwa i-artichoke.

Ukulima futhi Ukunakekela

Noma yimuphi isiko yemifino inezici ezithile zokulima. Sikwazi ukukhula artichoke (Cynara scolymus) cishe zonke izindawo, ngaphandle kwalezo okuyizinto kushisa kakhulu ehlobo. izimo Ideal for nokwanda kuyizinto ehlobo epholile futhi zinomswakama nobusika obungabandi. Ukuze izitshalo ukushisa-kothando artichoke.

Ukulima futhi anakekele ngenxa idatha impahla isitshalo. It akakubekezeleli okushisa aphansi. Ngakho-ke, yesikhathi eside ukutshalwa artichoke kungenzeka kuphela ezindaweni eseningizimu. Ebusika ofuna ukumboza ohlelweni impande. impahla Ukumboza kungenzeka ungqimba ezimbili centimetric ka Peat. Ekwindla ngaphambi nendawo yokuhlala cut isitshalo Kuphendula.

Ezindaweni nge ukutshalwa abandayo ebusika nkathi okungcono kube evela artichoke njengoba kumoba imbewu ngonyaka.

The main izidingo agronomic

Pretty ngikhetha mayelana inhlabathi okuzala artichoke. Ukutshala, ukutshalwa kanye nokugcinwa ehilela izimo ezithile ukukhula. Ukuze ameva Outlandish inhlabathi evundile efanelekayo. Amanzi-onothando isitshalo. Nokho, it is ngokuphelele hhayi ukubekezelela waterlogging. Le ndawo lapho izitshalo esezikhulile, kumele kube ukukhanya futhi kahle evuthayo, bavikelekile okusalungiswa.

Izinqubo ze-ukutshalwa artichoke

Kunezindlela ezintathu ongazisebenzisa ukuze uthole imibhede emangalisayo futhi eyingqayizivele ameva Outlandish: ukutshalwa artichoke kusuka imbewu, yisithombo nezindlela vegetative. Ngamunye wabo kudinga ukuhambisana nemithetho ethile kuphela. Ezindaweni eningizimu zingatshalwa kusukela imbewu artichoke. Imbewu razmozhenie amasiko thermophilic asetshenziswa kuphela ezindaweni lapho ekuseni entwasahlobo zokutshala kungenzeka. Izithombo likhule artichoke Ngendlela efanayo izitshalo yonyaka ezindaweni ezibandayo ku kwenkathi olufudumele izinsuku 90-100. Ngokuba abanjalo sezulu esishintshashintshayo indlela iyatholakala futhi vegetative esiphelweni imifino.

Izici kulinywe

Ngaphansi isitshalo kufanele kwenziwe umquba okuhle. Ngaphambi sokuhlwanyela, imbewu kufanele kwenziwe indebe phansi omunye egcwele Umanyolo eziphilayo, noma lokwela umquba noma oneminyaka engu- inkukhu umquba. Ungasebenzisa futhi ngesilinganiso nengxenye inkomishi ngegazi ukudla kanye bone kokudla sikabhanana. Futhi, Dynamics omuhle yokukhula kungenziwa kwavusa 2-3-cm ungqimba umquba onogwaja.

Uma engenayo inhlabathi evundile zokutshala, kutuswa ukuba ukuqhuba ukuvundiswa ezengeziwe maphakathi no-isizini.

Growing artichokes kusuka imbewu ngenxa yokuthi, efana ezinye izitshalo ezifana rhubarb e, ezinye izitshalo ngeke ukuhlangabezana grade kuboniswe ilebula. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-30% of amacala. Ukuze esikhundleni izitshalo engadingeki kanye nokugcinwa lemali yabo kuhlelwe kufanele itshalwe eziningi imbewu.

Futhi, Ukuhlolwa abakhethayo eliphezulu imbewu kufanele sigcwaliswe. Culling ekuqaleni kwesizini izitshalo ababuthakathaka. Ekupheleni isizini kubalulekile ukuze ukhethe izinto izici top-notch.

yisithombo indlela

"Iva Ezidliwayo" - isitshalo kunalokho ezingezwakali futhi unzima. Growing artichokes kusuka imbewu ezihlwanyelwe ngqo phansi, akuyona ethandwa. It kubhekwa indlela eziqinile yisithombo.

Izitshalo inqubo yokukhula elaqala endlini ebusika noma kwentwasahlobo, ekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekwindla zakuqala sokuvuna intando. It kuzuza oyifunayo reserve isikhathi, ngenkathi kugwenywa ingozi umonakalo kusuka okushisa aphansi.

ukuhlwanyelwa isikhathi

Ngoba isivuno kusengaphambili ukubeka i-artichoke. Ezikhula imbewu in zokugcina izithombo ngenxa nesikhathi esishiwo. Ngesikhathi ukufika izitshalo kumele engu-amasonto 8-10. Kulesi sisekelo, kulula ukubala isikhathi imbewu zokutshala. Eza ekupheleni Februwari noma ekuqaleni kuka-March.

imbewu nokulungiselela seedbed

Imbewu phama gauze izikhwama noma izimvilophu. Yabo oswakanyiswe futhi ibekwe endaweni ingilazi noma plastic isitsha. Mboza ifilimu futhi imila ezingeni lokushisa 20-25 degrees. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi esingangesonto imbewu dweba. Izithombo abangu ngaphansi tempering.

Kukhona izimvilophu imbewu ezibekwe kule esiqandisini futhi agcinwe ezingeni lokushisa 0 kuya + 2 ° C isikhathi esingangenyanga. artichokes ezikhula imbewu, sekudlule ukwelashwa pre-ukuhlwanyela, ngeke ngcono ikhwalithi izitshalo.

Ukukhula benakekela izithombo

Izithombo kulula ukuba bakhule greenhouse noma ngaphansi izibani Fluorescent ekhaya. Imbewu zitshalwa 15-cm iziqukathi ezigcwele inhlabathi evundile ne ukwengeza Peat futhi humus. Growing artichokes kusuka imbewu greenhouse kudinga ukunamathela lokushisa nokukhanya izimo. Esokuqala amasonto amabili kube wagcinwa at degrees 20. Ngaphezu kwalokho sehliselwe 12-14 degrees. Luphinde ezidingekayo ukwandisa isikhathi ukukhanya esebenzisa izibani.

Ukunakekela izitshalo ulula. Ngaphezu kuhambisana ukukhanya lokushisa izimo, zidinga ukuthambisa avamile.

Vegetative ukukhiqizwa kabusha indlela

Futhi i-ukutshalwa artichokes, ungasebenzisa indlela ukwehlukana izimpande. Kodwa udinga ukuthi kungenzeka wokutshala impahla ezivela ezitshalweni omdala.

Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kubalulekile ukususa igatsha kusukela isitshalo main. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa ummese serrated, abahlukanise kusuka stem emaphakathi.

Okulandelayo artichoke isidingo siphukile nge lokwela ukuze ilimaze uhlelo impande. Le nqubo kumele kwenziwe lapho isitshalo ingenkulu kakhulu, mayelana 30 cm ubude.

legatsha ngalinye impande ekwazi ukuhlalisa abantu abangu at ibanga 1-1.5 m kusuka komunye nomunye.

Yabelana futhi wabelane artichokes

sokuhlukanisa nqubo ithatha indawo ngezigaba eziningana. Into yokuqala okumele uyenze - kuba ummese ngobumnene amaswidi ahlanzekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho ukubhodloza isitshalo ezijule kangangokuba kukwazi ingxenye uhlelo impande kanye nezwe. Ingxenye ahlukaniswe kungenziwa utshalwe kunoma iyiphi ingxenye engadini noma ukunikeza kumngane.

Ungase futhi ukuthenga elele artichoke izimpande kuyo ezikhethekile. kunqunywa kokwehla isikhathi esekelwe yokuhlala zone zezulu. Esimweni sezulu efudumele zokutshala kungaba kwenziwe ekwindla noma ebusika. Ngamanye sezulu isitshalo kufanele itshalwe kwentwasahlobo. Ukutshala Kwenziwa like amahlumela kunezimpande. I-cuttings impande kumele ahlelwe thwi, ngekukhula iphuzu etholakala kancane ngaphezu kwamanzi umhlabathi.

Nakuba-ke kubhekwa artichoke ezingezwakali, betshala, ukutshalwa nokunakekela zalesi sitshalo esimangalisayo kuyinto amasu ezikhethekile azihlukile.

Izithombo kufanele zifinyelela ubude obungamamitha 8-10 cm babe esiyisigqigqi neziqu kanye amasede amabili amahlamvu unomphela. Ngenxa yokuthi lesi simila selikhule ngokwanele ezinkulu, ukuze isitshalo esiphelweni impahla ukuba at ibanga 1 m kusuka komunye nomunye. imishini Farming ezivamile - kuyafana nganoma yisiphi isiko zemifino. On the ingadi yemifino ka-artichoke ukwehla.

Ukubaluleka amanzi umnyombo futhi artichoke amandla plant

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ezihlukahlukene ukuthi itshalwe, njengoba umthetho, inhloso ukuqoqa isiko nge ukuthungwa ithenda. Ukunambitheka Ingxenye edliwayo yale isitshalo ehlaselwe izici eziningi, indaba ebaluleke kunazo zonke okuyinto khona amanzi.

Artichokes zidinga semali wakhe - ukukhiqiza ezinkulu, efihlekile amnandi. Mhlawumbe, in the izinkathi sishisa futhi somile, lesi sitshalo kuyodingeka uyophuziswa katsatfu ngeliviki, ikakhulukazi uma siyaqoqwa efihlekile. Kanye ukuntuleka kwamanzi, efihlekile abasafufusa ongabhubhisa frost eqinile.

Amanzi sizuzisa izimpande ezijulile artichoke, okuyizinto esinamanzi futhi ngempela obukhulu. Kumelwe bahlale ezimanzi, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezinyanga ezomile. Futhi ukuze alondoloze umswakama ungakheka amboza phansi. Qinisekisa ukuthi wonke amanzi enikeziwe kumila simila, amuncwa umzimba kahle.

amanzi Kubi kungaholela yokujama tsi emanzini ngasesinqeni se-stem ne abolile okwalandela lakamuva. Lapho hhayi kubanda kakhulu ebusika inhlabathi yoqobo ongabhubhisa isitshalo.

Amathiphu ukutshala kanye nokusetshenziswa artichoke

Ekupheleni kwehlobo yemifino blooms engavamile. Sika umkhiqizo emasontweni ambalwa. Efihlekile ukuthuthukisa amathiphu elilodwa isentimitha sifanamsindvo.

ihlumela apical ngokuvamile kunawo futhi iningi abavuthiwe kuqala. Kuyadingeka ukuqoqa ingxenye stem ngokuqondile ngaphansi izinso. Kufanele ube mkhulu, aminyene futhi zivalekile. Labo efihlekile ukuthi ngeke usike, lizovula ajabulisayo, onsomi-blue, 6-isentimitha efihlekile, efana izimbali ekhakhasini. Kodwa ekuguquleni izinso ngombala, ngasendleleni, kunganciphisa isivuno isitshalo ukuze unyaka ozayo icala kulinywe eside izitshalo. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kudingeka uthathe zonke efihlekile. Balimi, ogama iziza asezindaweni okungcono izimo zezulu ngoba ukukhula kwezitshalo ungakwazi ukuvuna kakade onyakeni wokuqala. Harvest sikabhanana lingafika ku-30 artichokes.

I ukutshala kanye nokusetshenziswa artichoke nibaluleke engadini yemifino izitshalo engavamile yavela. Amazing yemifino akuyona kuphela zokuhlobisa. Abaningi abaqapheli ukuthi isitshalo engavamile - ukudla okukhulu nemifino ngempela ewusizo. Lapho okuqukethwe ocebile amavithamini namaminerali nemifino izitsha kuwo kukhona okunama-kilojoule amancane. Lena ingxenye enkulu yokudla ngenxa kwesisindo. Kodwa okuqukethwe inulin ilihumusha ku esigabeni izitshalo zokwelapha. Artichoke kabanzi lisetshenziswe imithi.

yemifino izinhlobo Amazing

Ingxenye artichoke, okuyinto abantu bajabulele, akavuthiwe ihlumela zezimila eziqhakazayo ongoweGceke chertopolohovyh umndeni. izinqubo ezahlukene kufanele kwenziwe uma uya uthole artichoke yabo amabutho - betshala kulinywe kanye nokugcinwa. izinhlobo ezahlukene zidinga izenzo ezifanayo. Kulokhu, ngamunye wabo inezici ayo ehlukile. Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo lokhu yemifino, afaneleka ezikhulayo cishe kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu.

Ukuze aqinisekise ukukhula ezindaweni ezibandayo, ungasebenzisa ezihlukahlukene imbulunga oluhlaza. Lesi sitshalo iqala ukuthela izithelo futhi uvuthwe kusenesikhathi, efanelekayo izitshalo yonyaka.

Violetta, izinhlobonhlobo isiNtaliyane, ezahlukene amahle onsomi efihlekile ukuma kancane side. Ikhula kancane kamuva, futhi kufanelekile ezikhulayo ukufudumala izimo zezulu.

Star Empire wethulwa njengoba esimila yonyaka. efihlekile zakhe ezihlwabusayo ziba yindilinga futhi izinhlangothi ziqala ukuvuthwa cishe isonto elilodwa ngaphambi Green-Globe.