Growing amakhowe njengebhizinisi: ukubuyekezwa kanye namathiphu

Dala ibhizinisi eziphansi futhi ngokushesha ikhokhwe emuva - lena iphupho kubantu abaningi. Kulabo abasebenza ukutshala nokuvuna izitshalo izingadi emakhaya, kukhona ithuba elikhulu ukuba 'sikhule' ibhizinisi inzuzo, onikeza imali ekahle. Lona ukutshalwa amakhowe njengebhizinisi (ekhaya).

unyaka wonke amabhizinisi

Mushrooms - a unyaka wonke funa umkhiqizo. Kusukela kubo ukulungiselela okumnandi futhi uwayehlalise ukuba emakhishini abo futhi labapheki zokudlela ngasiphi ezingeni. Kubantu abaningi, amakhowe - umkhiqizo esihlwabusayo futhi unempilo okuyiwona bazimisele ukukhokha imali. Ukuze uthole ezinye ukulima amakhowe njengebhizinisi - ungumthombo engenayo.

kokuqhuba mushroom ibhizinisi inqubo ngokwalo non-umthwalo, futhi inzuzo usungaqala ukuthola izinyanga ezimbili. Into eyinhloko ukucacisa indawo kanye ivolumu zebhizinisi.

Imigomo inkomba lebhizinisi mushroom

Njenganoma iyiphi ibhizinisi inzuzo, ukulima amakhowe, amakhowe njengebhizinisi kudinga ukulungiselela kwemibandela ethile futhi izibalo.

Kukhethwa indawo kungenziwa kunqunywa letindlela letilandzelako:

• Ukuze unyaka wonke ibhizinisi kungenziwa ifakwe abamba ukushisa.
• Uma kukhona egumbini elingaphansi komhlaba, esibayeni noma engaphansi, ungakwazi Yabahlomisela nge mushroom ibhizinisi.
• Kwesizini ukulima amakhowe - njengoba ibhizinisi entwasahlobo nasehlobo: ngaphansi kwezihlahla izithelo endle.

Indlela elula wabo - kuyinto yokukhula, ngoba aludingi imishini ekhethekile.

Inzuzo ibhizinisi mushroom

Ukuqalisa noma iyiphi ibhizinisi kumele kuqale nge ukukhokhela utshalomali, isikhathi payback, futhi inzuzo. Ukuthola mycelium samanje akunzima, njengoba emakethe yokusesha amakhowe, izinzuzo ecacile ngakho lokhu ibhizinisi zisobala:

• Ukuthola inzuzo kuqala ngenyanga yesithathu ngemva kokwakhiwa le mycelium.
• Kungenzeka ukuthola unomphela unyaka wonke umholo.
• uhlobo Simple umsebenzi luyatholakala ngisho saqala.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiziphi izindlu.

Uhlelo Lebhizinisi "amakhowe Growing 'kufanele ziqalise yokusesha kanye nemishini indawo efanelekayo.

ibhizinisi abamba ukushisa

Abalimi abaningi bakhetha ukusebenzisa zokugcina zabo inzuzo double. Ziyakwazi kusukela ngo-September kuya ku-February babuthela amakhowe, bese uqhubekela phambili ukufika imifino ekuqaleni. Le ndlela kwenza inzuzo esiphezulu, njengoba funa ephakeme amakhowe is ebonwe ekwindla nasebusika, nemifino zakuqala - entwasahlobo.

Growing amakhowe njengoba ibhizinisi, ibhizinisi real kuqinisekisiwe, kungcono kusukela ekwindla kuya entwasahlobo, ngoba nge obhekwe imifino amakhowe ledzinga amaconsi ambalwa.

Ukwakhiwa zokugcina

Ukuze amakhowe angazamukela zokugcina ezivamile noma Tinker ulakhe ngesisekelo Grachev. Futhi enamathela efanelekayo ngengilazi. Into esemqoka ukuthi kulezi zindawo ngeke kube nzima ukwakha edingekayo lokushisa kanye nomswakama izimo, njengoba isikhunta kunesidingo.

Abamba Ukushisa we ifilimu noma polycarbonate - elula inketho izakhiwo, ukutshalwa amakhowe njengebhizinisi wanikeza ngaphansi kokuhlupheka futhi kuletha imali eningi.

Izigaba ilungiselelo zokugcina:

• Okokuqala, kufanele siqinisekise ukuthi igumbi efudumele. Lokhu kungaba ugesi noma igesi bafudumale. Kubalulekile futhi ukunikeza komoya okuhle njengoba umquba lapho amakhowe zikhule, likhipha i-carbon dioxide, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba sibonise njalo. abalimi engumthengisi baye bazivumelanisa zokugcina amakhowe itshalwe ukhukhamba, zucchini futhi ithanga. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuze bachithe isikhathi esincane on ukwesekwa sezulu izitshalo umphelelisi nomunye futhi ahlalisane side by side.
• Growing amakhowe njengendlela inzuzo yebhizinisi kwenza okusheshayo ngokusebenzisa emashalofini. Dutch Le ndlela ivumela ukusetshenziswa esiphezulu isikhala, bephuma egumbini yezinhlelo ingalandwa kalula futhi ngokushesha. Uma kukhona ithuba ukutshala esitsheni, kuyoba lula ukunakekelwa amakhowe. Iziqukathi kungaba amabhokisi plastic noma ngokhuni, okuyinto ziphathwa ngokumelene ithuluzi isikhunta.
• Ukulungiselela kwenhlabathi.

Ilungiselelo lokuhlukaniswa abamba ukushisa kufanele kube ukutshala imali, uma ukuhlela ibhizinisi wonke. Uma ulungiselele kahle futhi uhlelo ibhizinisi, ukulima amakhowe, amakhowe ezindaweni ezikhethekile ihlinzeka ukubuya fast utshalomali futhi imali ekahle.

Amakhowe egumbini

Ukutshala izimali zami kule ibhizinisi abangu ongatheni, nokuba khona engaphansi noma emgodini, ungasebenzisa endaweni yabo. Indlela izakhiwo ezifanele:

• A engcono kungaba qualitatively lwaqinisa phansi kulula ngakho sihlale sihlanzekile hhayi uyihlanganise mycelium ukutheleleka.
• Ukuze ukutshala amakhowe njengebhizinisi (izibuyekezo, izithombe zalabo kakade ukwenza ibhayisikobho engenisa inzuzo, kuqinisekiswa) ayithelanga ukubuyiselwa ephakeme i isivuno sasiyoba sikhulu, kungcono ukuhlomisa igumbi Racks. Bona wonge isikhala bese uvumele uqimba ngamunye eziyizimbangela itshalwe nge yokuvuthwa ezahlukene, okwenza le nqubo ukusakaza.
• Ukukhanyisa isikhunta akudingeki, Ngakho-ke, kungaba ifakwe ukukhanya okwanele ukuze kube lula kulabo abanakekela kwabo, kanye kwesivuno.

imishini emiphongolweni ngaphansi ipulazi mushroom

• Ukupholisa kufanele kube izinga, ungaphuthelwa izinambuzane, okuyinto esetshenziswa net esihle-ekubambisaneni. Kubalulekile ukuthi azikho okusalungiswa, ngakho ngaphandle ezikhishwe ukusetshenziswa ezifanele abalandeli phezu imibhede noma ukuhlunga ukuhlanza emoyeni.
• Ukutshala amakhowe njengebhizinisi nayo idinga isiqondiso esiqhubekayo nomswakama emoyeni futhi lokushisa. Kuyadingeka ukuhlomisa Igumbi nge hygrometer futhi izinga lokushisa. Ukuze kwandiswe umswakama, kwanele ukuba fafaza imibhede kanye phansi, futhi aphansi - noma angabiki zihlanganisa bafudumale.
• Uma ekamelweni mkhulu ngokwanele, zingahlukaniswa zibe mycelium ezikhulayo endaweni kanye mushroom ukukhula uMnyango, ukuthi ukwandisa umkhiqizo, futhi kungakho inzuzo.
• Ukubulala amagciwane kwezakhiwo iyadingeka ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi. Lokhu kungaba lime ngomcako exutshwe zethusi sulfate, sishaye isixazululo 4% formalin, noma fumigating okuhlola sulfuric. Amakhowe ebucayi isikhunta futhi Amagciwane, ngakho-ke hlola yokunciphisa, bese zezinhlobo ogulayo efakwa ethangini ehlukile futhi ababhubhise.

Growing amakhowe njengebhizinisi (izibuyekezo indlela yokutshala, evela kwabanye abalimi - isiqinisekiso lokhu) - icala lapho kunconywa ukusebenzisa nanoma iliphi igumbi, ngisho nhlobo efanelekayo efika kuqala. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuze ayivikele okusalungiswa, ukushisa, pholisa futhi ukuvikela nezilokazane isikhunta. Izitshalo ngeke ngiyabonga isivuno high.

umquba ukulungiselela

Phakathi kwalokho "amakhowe Likhula" business plan ukuthenga mycelium futhi ukuqeqeshwa naphakathi izakhi - lawa izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kuwo. Isivuno esiphezulu etholwe uma umquba ukusebenzisa umquba wamahhashi . Kodwa uma lokhu kungeke kwenzeke, inkomazi isudi noma inyoni droppings.

Izithako ngoba ukudalwa substrate:

• umquba ihhashi;
• utshani;
• urea;
• ammonium sulphate;
• superphosphate, wokulinganisa noma alabhaste.

Ukuze uthole umquba okuhle kufanele wabeka zonke izingqimba. Soaked usuku olulodwa utshani wabeka ungqimba engezansi, bese umquba, utshani futhi umquba evuvukele. Lezi izingqimba kufanele kube izingcezu 6-8. Lapho ebeka kusendlalelo ngasinye kumele bazithela ngamanzi afudumele.

Ngemva 3-4 zinsuku, bonke izingqimba kudingeka uhlanganise, bangeze urea kanye superphosphate. Ngemva komunye izinsuku 3-4 futhi ugovuze bese wengeza izithako ezisele, nokunye 4-5 izikhathi, futhi kuphela batch wokugcina medium isiko yengezwe kakhonkolo.

okutshalwe mycelium

Uma umquba kuyinto "sesivuthiwe", kubalulekile ukuze ungeze "imbewu" amakhowe ukuze uthole mycelium. Per 1 m ² medium izakhi has 500 g umquba mycelium noma ezinhlamvu okusanhlamvu 400g.

Bona seeded substrate, okwenza ekhosombeni umunwe at ibanga 20-25 cm, babeka imbewu. Uma esetshenziselwa ayihlwanyelayo ezinhlamvu, bese ufafaza nabo phansi ngempela evundile.

bayashintshana ekufukameleni tempera emoyeni mycelium kufanele kube +20 ... +27 degrees. Lapho mycelium izinsuku 10-12 luyokhula ngenkuthalo, kufanele afafazwe nenye Peat, umhlaba namathempeli ngokhonkolo namatshe e-ratio 5: 4: 1, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile fafaza, onikeza medium zome.

ukuvuna

isilimo sakhe sokuqala "amakhowe" umlimi uzokwazi ukuqoqa ezinsukwini 35-50, uma kubhekwa ukuthi umquba ukuguga izinsuku 20-25. Kuye lapho ukuguga nokuthi imvelo yalungiswa kahle, ezithela kungaba eliphezulu kakhulu noma Okuqukethwe akuzwakali.

amakhowe ezikhulayo njengebhizinisi, real abanolwazi "amakhowe" kuqinisekisiwe - ibhizinisi inzuzo kakhulu, njengoba umjikelezo fruiting kungenziwa unyaka wonke.

lokushisa emoyeni ngaphambi isikhunta yokuvuthwa kufanele kube +22 ... +26 degrees. Uma kuwukuthi ibavuthela, amakhowe lizokwenyuka ngokushesha kakhulu futhi kuyodingeka isigqoko encane ekhadini Isiqu eside. izimpahla okunjalo ungatholi yokuthengisa. Ngezinye lokushisa 12 ayeke mycelium ukuze izithelo. Ngakho-ke, njengoba nje cap futhi uzizwe iphunga mushroom, izinga lokushisa kufanele sehliselwe +15 ... + 16 degrees.

Qoqa amakhowe kufanele siqaphele ukulimaza base yabo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ubambe iminwe yesandla esisodwa phansi kwemilenze phansi, nomunye ithuba okuncane uhlukane mycelium. Kumele bahlanze yonke izithelo, ngisho nangezinga elincane, sengathi ukuba nginqume amakhowe ezinkulu kuphela, abanye bayayeka likhula futhi baqale ukubola.

Qaphela ukuthi efanele kungenziwa ukuvunwa amakhowe 5 kg 1 m ² kungakapheli imijikelezo ambalwa. Ngakho-ke, kubalwa isikali ibhizinisi, kufanele ngokushesha ukucabanga ngalokho endaweni yokusebenzisa kwakhe.

sokuvuna isitoreji

Ukuze asindise sokuvuna emasimini enkulu lapho kunzima ukubhekana ngosuku, udinga ukuthi ucabange kusengaphambili mayelana amafriji. umthamo wabo ibalwa kusukela inani khilogremu umkhiqizo sebeqedile 1 m ^2. Ngakho, egumbini 30 m ² kuzoba ngesilinganiso esingu-150 kg ngosuku.

Ukukhetha amakhowe - inqubo obucayi, futhi akakubekezeleli washesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isivuno kufanele afakwe ngokuvumelana izinga nosayizi.

Ngaphambi obeka amakhowe egumbini esiqandisini kufanele kancane selehlile ekamelweni nge yokufakelwa lokushisa ongaphakeme.

It is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba bagcwalise amabhokisi nge indawo ebanda imikhiqizo siphelile ukuze ithunyelwe kuze kube phezulu, ngoba ngisho nalapho, isikhunta kudingeka air kwegazi.

Uma ngasizathu simbe mushroom cap nezimagqabhagqabha, onsundu ngokuphaphathekile noma abe grey, nomlenze uzimisele ke udinga ukususa ngokushesha isiguli kusukela mycelium amakhowe kanye eduzane kwakhe "izihlobo." Beka ukunqotshwa kufanele afafazwe ngosawoti ezivamile. Uma ungenalo afeze lezi zinyathelo, kungenzeka ukuthelela wonke ipulazi, futhi kufanele uqale ibhizinisi futhi.

Phezu ukuthola lesi sifo badinga ukuthola umthombo futhi uqede ke. Lokhu kungadalwa isikhunta, okuyinto kalula esikhiphekayo. Abolile isikhunta, kuyatuseka ukuba ashise, bese kahle zokukhipha igciwane izingubo nezandla zakho.

Akunakusetshenziswa Awukwazi ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali noma ubuthi izinambuzane. Ngemva ukusetshenziswa amakhowe kuyoba yingozi empilweni futhi ubhujiswe. Kungcono ulahlekelwe mycelium noma ngaphezulu, kuka engozini impilo yomunye umuntu.

Amakhowe akuzona ngikhetha ngokweqile, ngakho lwanele ngokucophelela hlola ukupholisa, ukungabi isikhunta nezinambuzane ukuthola nebhizinisi elichumayo futhi wenze nenzuzo.