Giant iseli isimila: ukwelashwa kanye Izibikezelo

Giant cell isimila - isifo ovamile oncological, okuyinto evame kakhulu nezingokwengqondo ezitholakala kubantu abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengu-40 ubudala. Lesi sifo libhekene inkambo kungavamile ukuba ingozi, futhi kwakheka isimila is in the izicubu namathambo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngaphansi kwethonya ezinye zezici yezingozi ukuguqulwa abulalayo, okuyinto igcwele nemiphumela eyingozi. Ngakho kuyini nokuthi isifo lezibonakaliso kufanele sinake?

Kuyini osteoblastoklastoma? izici kwesakhiwo

Giant iseli Ithumba isakhiwo likubeka ngokucacile, kwakheka okuyinto e ithambo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi osteoblastoklastoma siqukethe izinhlobo ezimbili amaseli: mononuclear ezincane (amaseli round noma okusaqanda letinalokubalulekile egqamile futhi esincane chromatin) ne-giant multinucleated (20-30 aqukethe nuclei futhi zifane osteoclasts evamile, basuke nombala kwasakazwa the ukujiya kanye neoplasms awavikelekile komunye nomunye).

Esakhuluma ngayo le ndaba-ke kuyabonakala ukuthi ngaphakathi ezithambile izicubu isimila has umbala onsundu enokulandelela elincane ukopha (ukopha) kanye necrosis.

Ukwahlukaniswa izimila

Ngo inqubo yokwelapha yesimanje, neoplasms ezinjalo ihlukaniswa kuye isakhiwo, ukuma kanye nezinye izici. Uma sikhuluma izici isakhiwo, lowo mdondoshiya iseli isimila kungaba:

• anezikhala (akhiwa amangqamuzana amancane, ahlukaniswa ngodonga ithambo akuphelele);
• fibrosis (isimila is ithambo ingaphakathi, ligcwele ketshezi, ngakho ungathi simila);
• lytic (lolu hlobo nolaka isimila ukukhula kuhambisana ukubhujiswa okusheshayo ithambo; ayikwazi ukucaciswa ithambo iphethini ethize).

Ngesikhathi uphethwe futhi banake neoplasms indawo. Ithumba kungaba central (akhiqizwa ithambo mkhulu) noma neuropathy (ezithinta isakhiwo ebusweni bese ithambo periosteum).

Balinganiselwa ku-50% of amacala isimila itholakala izicubu ithambo emhlabeni ngokuhlanganyela kwedolo. isimila ngokuvamile atholakala engaba distal. Noma kunjalo osteoblastoklastoma kungathinta cishe kunoma iyiphi amathambo, kuhlanganise amathambo, sacrum, tibia, kunawo wonke futhi humerus, umhlathi ongezansi. Ngezinye izikhathi inqubo sokugembula kwelula kuya imisipha futhi izicubu zomzimba ezithambile.

Ziyini izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu yesifo

Ngeshwa, kuze kube manje, izizathu ukuvela nokukhula kwe-isimila alwaziwa. Kukholakala ukuthi kukhona isici ngofuzo, ikakhulukazi uma isisekelo noma ukuthuthukiswa amathambo apharathasi wengane kusukela ekuqaleni wabe kahle.

Abanye ochwepheshe bathi amathuba ukuthuthukiswa giant cell isimila inyuka uma isiguli kudingeke ukuthi i isifo ukuvuvukala ezithinta ithambo kanye periosteum. Izinto ezibangela futhi zihlanganisa waphuka njalo nezinye ukulimala kwe-apharathasi ukwesekwa.

Yiziphi izimpawu kufanele sinake?

Ezigabeni zokuqala yentuthuko giant cell isimila akuvamile kwenza ngokwayo wazizwa. buhlungu elalimbelesele akunakubangelwa izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ekuqaleni ukuthi kuphakama ngezikhathi ezithile. Izimpawu eziningi ezinzima zenzeka ngenxa ukukhula okukhulu we neoplasm.

Bone izicubu iqala sokudiliza. Kukhona waphuka nokuguqulwa endaweni izimila kwasendaweni. Njengoba ukukhula kwe-isimila ngaphansi kwesikhumba ibonakala zingavuvukalanga, ngezinye izikhathi ngengaphandle lamatshwayo abukhali. On the integument ku lesion idwetshwa izitsha Mesh.

Uma isimila itholakala eduze joint, kungase kube ukulahlekelwa esinqunyiwe noma ephelele ukuhamba alo. Soreness nayo ekubeni evelele - ukungakhululeki ekukhathaza isiguli ngesikhathi umsebenzi futhi uphumule.

inqubo okubulalayo nokuhlala izimpawu zayo

Giant cell isimila ithambo ubhekwa ophephile. Noma kunjalo, kukhona njalo ingozi ukuguqulwa abulalayo izimila. Kuze kube manje, izimbangela ngqo ezibanga inqubo akwaziwa. Abanye ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi basola konke - ukushintsha kwama-hormone futhi ukulimala njalo. Kukhona odokotela abathi nokuzalwa kabusha kuwumphumela radiotherapy odlule.

Kunoma ikuphi kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi umdlavuza kuyingozi. By the way, inqubo kuhambisana eziningi izimpawu ukuthi bayakufanelekela ukunaka. Sekube nokukhula ngokushesha imfundo. Ngokuvamile inqubo sokugembula sidlulela ngalé kwethambo - ezimweni ezinjalo kwakhiwa giant cell isimila kwezicubu ezithambile noma umsipha is.

Ngesikhathi sesivivinyo, ungathola ngaphambi ushintsho isakhiwo izimila - iba ibhuloho lytic, ithambo phakathi amaseli zinyamalale, wabuka kuwuphawu lwesimila fibrosis babe esilufifi. Ukwandisa ububanzi we lesion - ukugula ephelezelwa ukubhujiswa kakhulu ithambo izicubu.

izindlela zokuxilonga

Ukuba khona labo noma ezinye izimpawu kufanele uthinte phezulu udokotela Ukucabanga ukuthi umdlavuza. Yiqiniso, giant iseli isimila kudinga uphethwe ngokucophelela. Ngemva anamnesis nesineke ezinqunyiwe:

• ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali kwegazi, okungakwazi kuphela uhlole yonke umzimba, kodwa futhi ukuthola izimpawu ezibonisa ukubhujiswa nezicubu namathambo.
• Kuphoqelekile x-ray. In the izithombe udokotela ungabona isimila, ukuhlola lingakanani, ukuhlola isimo amathambo. Izinsiza kusebenza for kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane itholakala cishe njalo esibhedlela, futhi izindleko zokwelapha ezitholakalayo.
• Indlela kakhulu ulwazi kuba-magnetic resonance imaging (imiphumela olunembile ngokulinganayo ingatholakala usebenzisa computed tomography). Udokotela unethuba ukucacisa ubukhulu nokwakheka kwe-isimila, ukuhlola isimo kwezicubu amathambo, ukubona metastases ekhona. Ngeshwa, kuba ucwaningo ngempela eqolo.
• Phezu ukuthola we biopsy isimila Kunconywa. Ngesikhathi inqubo, udokotela wenza izicubu amasampuli kusukela neoplasms - amasampula sekuthunyelwa kule-laboratory. Ukuhlaziya biopsy kusiza ukuhlola ukuthi ebulalayo isimila cells.

Ngokusekelwe kulezi idatha udokotela angakwazi ukubona ukuthi unayo isimila esiyingozi, bese ukhethe ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu.

Giant iseli isimila: ukwelashwa

Ngokushesha kuwufanele ethi yokwelapha kuncike Usayizi izimila, khona inqubo abulalayo, indawo metastases, nokunye. D.

Ukususwa kwezimiso giant cell isimila kuyadingeka. Phakathi ukuhlinzwa, resection wenziwa izimila hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi isayithi wethambo abathintekayo. Ukususa ingxenye apharathasi ukwesekwa indawo a sokwenziwa. Lapho nezilonda noma izifo ezithile yesimila udokotela anganquma ukusikwa kwamalungu lonke zomzimba. Uma metastases (isb, iphaphu noma isibindi) zitholiwe umzimba lesiguli ke ukususwa ngokwengxenye wenziwa izicubu abathintekayo.

Kaningi, yesifunda esitshalweni radiotherapy. Ukuphathwa kanjalo kuyadingeka uma kwenzeka ukuthi unesimila ayikwazi ukususwa (isb, kwakheka it is ngaphakathi kunawo wonke vertebra noma sacrum). Ngemisebe wenziwa khona inqubo abulalayo, ngisho noma ngesikhathi ukuhlinzwa wakwazi ukuqeda zonke zokwakheka sokugembula. Kwezinye izimo, iziguli uyaqaphela senqabe ithambo resection.

Kukhethwa ukwelashwa kuyadingeka ukuze uthemba nodokotela. Ukuze ekwelapheni osteoblastoklastomy isicelo akude gamma-therapy, welashwa ngemisebe orthovoltage, unyathela amabhuleki noma electron ngemisebe.

Giant iseli isimila: onalesi sifo iziguli kanye nezinkinga kungenzeka

Ezimweni eziningi, le nomuhle iziguli. Yiqiniso, udinga ukususa isimila, ngokuvamile kanye ingxenye ithambo ethintekile. Kodwa uyahluleka uma elwa nokuphuza elotshiwe kanini.

Kodwa abulalayo giant cell isimila kuyingozi, ngoba isifo kuhambisana kumiswa metastases, okungase kube wahlela cishe noma isiphi isitho. Udokotela ohlinzayo akuyona njalo kungenzeka ukuba afeze resection kuzo zonke izimila.