Galapagos Islands: A hambo ku ekhoneni okuyimfihlakalo emhlabeni

izimfudu giant, eyihlathi phakathi zokwakheka lava, iguanas, deftly jumping olwandle, akazange unamathisele ibalulekile ukungazali zabo ezweni. Strange izilwane zasendle ingashintshwa kwagxila elinamandla uCharles Darwin kuthi lapho ehambela Galapagos Islands ngo-1835 futhi, mhlawumbe, ngokwezinga elikhulu ayemphefumulele ekutholakaleni by kwemvelo ukuzihlela nokuzivumelanisa kwemvelo.

Ngeshwa, ukungcola, ukuminyana, ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda nakubabona imizamo ukugcina indawo yokuhlala yezilwane semvelo sezimila eliyingqayizivele nezilwane ezihlukahlukene. Izivakashi boom uyaqhubeka, inani lezivakashi lilinganiselwa kakhulu okwandisa njalo ngonyaka, kule minyaka engamashumi amabili, inani labo liye laphindeka kathathu. Kodwa ngisho lokhu akuyona inkinga enkulu. I-Galapagos Islands amanzi, esisogwini zombili yenkabazwe ezungezile elwandle eliKhulu iPacific, entshonalanga Ecuador Continental, abayingxenye, ngaphansi kokulawula esiqiwini nezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle Reserve. Nokho, abantu eminyakeni engaqondile noma ngamabomu wethula izinhlobo koda ukuphila ukuthi kungayilulaza ezihlelwe ngayo ngokwemvelo. Ngokusho uCharles Darwin Foundation, okuyinto mayelana 750 zezilwane noma zokumilayo zezitshalo 490 izinambuzane. Ososayensi baxwayisa ngokuthi umonakalo kungenzeka engelapheki.

I-Galapagos Islands, okuyizinto eziqongweni izintabamlilo baqala ukuvela olwandle ezingaba yizigidi ezinhlanu edlule ngenxa yomsebenzi zomhlaba. Okwamuva, ngokuthi Isabela futhi Fernandina, Namanje kwakhiwa, wakamuva kuqhuma sabhalwa ngo 2009. Yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene kule "Enchanted Islands" njengoba ukubabiza izivakashi, cishe esiyingqayizivele, asikwazi atholakala kunoma iyiphi enye indawo. Izilwane kanye nezitshalo zivele lapha ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi pirates zalethwa. Zintaka futhi mockingbirds abangu kushaywa sisuke enkambweni yayo evamile yiziphepho, bok isitshalo skalesiya got lapha ngokudlulisela imbewu emoyeni.

Leli qoqo leziqhingi laqala yakhiwa iziqhingi nantathu ezinkulu (nendawo ethize amakhilomitha square eziyishumi), emihlanu phakathi (nge endaweni ingqikithi amakhilomitha omunye kwabayishumi sikwele) futhi 215 amancane, outcrops enamadwala plus (amamitha ambalwa sikwele). Basuke ahlukaniswe izindawo ulwandle enemisinga ezijulile futhi enamandla, + ngakho ukwahlukanisa iphutha ukuwa kubo izitshalo nezilwane, ukungabi nakwenzeka kwento cross-yokuzalanisa izinhlobo bomdabu ukuthi ababengaphansi kwemibuso yakwamanye amazwe ogwini olungaphesheya. Izakhamuzi okusha okwadingeka bazivumelanise ngayo le ayesanda kuluthola ekhaya.

Galapagos Islands - yezindawo ezimbalwa emhlabeni lapho kungekho lalolo hlanga. Namuhla, ngokusho kombiko ahlukahlukene ku Baltra Isabela Floreane, San Cristobal futhi Santa Cruz inabantu abangaphezu kuka-25 000. Ulimi main - Spanish. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke isizwe yakhiwa le mestizo Ecuador. Bona bayinzalo bamakoloni Spanish namaNdiya zomdabu, owafika khona ekhulwini leminyaka elidlule kuze, ikakhulukazi kusukela ezwekazini Ecuador. Kunezinto eziningi zabantu abamhlophe, umsuka ikakhulukazi Spanish. Ezinye inzalo bamakoloni zokuqala zaseYurophu naseMelika namanje abahlala esiqhingini.

Kuze 1965, kuphela isitsha yangasese noma laqasha bamvakashele zaseGalapagos. Saqala ukuhlela izinkambo kusuka April 1969, ngesikhathi esifanayo esiqhingini Santa Cruz yasungulwa ihhotela lokuqala Forrest Nelson (ke lisekhona futhi itholakala eduze Biocenter esikhathini sikaCharles Darwin, kodwa ivaliwe okwamanje ngoba ukulungiswa). abadobi bendawo baqala preo brazovyvat ezikebheni zabo ngamanetha ukuthutha abantu. Uvele nesithakazelo izinkampani izivakashi, bathumela yezikebhe yabo. Kwakumelwe izindawo esiyinhloko izivakashi, ngamanye amazwi, mini-amahhotela phezu kwamanzi. Namuhla, kunamabandla yezikebhe mayelana 85 nezitsha ifakwe kwezezindlu ukhululekile. Into kuphela uhulumeni kunomkhawulo izakhamuzi eziningi ngamunye kubo (esuka kubantu 16 kuya ku-100, hhayi ngaphezulu).

Namuhla, iziQhingi zaseGalapagos, isithombe okuyinto zishukumisa yisifiso sokwenza uhambo kule ekhoneni okuyimfihlakalo emhlabeni, eziningi ehhotela phansi ezisekelwe esisogwini San Cristobal, Santa Cruz, Isabela futhi Floreane.