Fire okulimaza of eliphakathi kwe: ukwelashwa. Tifo letibangwa ipheya

Pear - lokhu ingenye ethandwa kakhulu izihlahla engadini, okuyinto kakhulu ezazithandwa balimi ngenxa izithelo esiphundu futhi unempilo. Nokho, lokhu kuyinto isitshalo otshaliwe, njengawo wonke amanye, kungaphansi ezihlukahlukene izifo. Omunye nengwenya kakhulu okulimaza of eliphakathi kwe. Ukulungisa le nkinga kungase kube yisikhathi eside ngokwanele futhi ningathuli yi efanele, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa ikhambi jikelele ngokumelene izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Abalimi uvame isikhathi esiningi kulezi zokukhwabanisa ngenalusizo lapho beqaphela benzani, londoloza kwesihlahla sekwephuze kakade.

Kuyini umlilo okulimaza

Abalimi Abaningi abazi ukuthi kanjani ukuqaphela yilesi sifo esesabekayo, yingakho kokulahlekelwa isikhathi esiningi, kodwa, kukhona amathuba ambalwa ukulondoloza esihlahleni. Phakathi kwalezi zifo iyona ayingozi kakhulu umlilo okulimaza of eliphakathi kwe. Ukwelashwa incike ngokushesha kangakanani uphethwe yini, kanye ukuthi ikhona eduze ngokushesha nezinye izihlahla ukuthi bangaba enobuthi. Kuze kube manje, ochwepheshe baye benza imizamo eminingi yokuthola indlela ephumelelayo ukubhekana naso, kodwa naphezu kwale mizamo, lesi sifo siba ukubhubhisa izingadi.

umlilo Okokuqala okulimaza kubonakele ku ngekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili. Ngemva kweminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-150 isifo sandile kulo lonke leli zwekazi. Manje itholakala kuwo wonke umhlaba, njalo bethulula izingadi. Zonke izingxenye phansi zalesi sihlahla kuthinta umlilo okulimaza of eliphakathi kwe. Ukwelashwa kufanele kuqale ngesikhathi izigaba zokuqala, kungenjalo angeke siphumelele.

izimpawu

Kuyini umlilo okulimaza? Inqubo iqala inflorescences futhi ngokushesha ihlanganisa wonke esihlahleni lilonke. Ukwehluleka kwenzeka amahlumela amahlumela. Entwasahlobo niyogcina ukuthi lesi sifo kubambezela kuvulwa efihlekile, okuyinto ukungcolisa, sula, kodwa musa ewa, kodwa bayaqhubeka bambelela amagatsha. Lapho lesi sifo wamshaya isihlahla ngesikhathi izimbali, izophinda mnyama fade imibala. Kancane kancane siqale ukungcolisa le Amahlumela abancane amahlamvu, basuke kuminyanise ndawonye, kodwa bahlale endaweni. Yingakho lesi sifo ubizwa ngokuthi "Antonov umlilo." Pear imele njengomuntu omnyama wokushiswa, esingaphili kodwa nazo zonke izimbali, izithelo kanye namahlamvu.

Ngokulandelayo, ukutheleleka wehlela emgqonyeni. Umangele indlela yokuphatha umlilo okulimaza ka ipheya, kungase kakade sekwephuze kakhulu kulesi sigaba, kodwa kuyafaneleka ukuba uzame ukulondoloza lonke engadini ukuze eminye imithi ungazange wahlupheka zabulawa. Kulesi sigaba, ungabona indlela uqweqwe ukuthambisa. Yena lehla avele umbala Milky ezimhlophe, bebizwa exudate. Amagxolo emhlabeni ukwabiwa isikhala iphethini ehlukile, futhi ikhombisa amabala abomvu ansundu. Labo kwezicubu okuyinto ubushaye ukutheleleka, baqala izinhlayiya zeqhwa, intshabusuku. On isihlahla kwakhiwa izilonda.

izimbangela

Ngakho, yini ebangela umlilo okulimaza ka ipheya? Ukwelashwa kungaba yimpumelelo kuphela uma sazi kahle ukuthi sisebenzelana. I-ejenti causative ukutheleleka kuyinto amagciwane Erwinia amylovora. Bona ukhulise kusukela isiguli umuthi ophile kahle, kanye nomswakama nokulinganisela lokushisa kuyizimbangela evumayo kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa ukutheleleka. Ngakho ayikho iminyaka yobudala kukhawulela ukusabalala kwezifo.

Izifo amagonandoda abasha ukuhlangabezana Njalo kwakusithi lapho izifo izihlahla izithelo ezindala. I exudate ngenhla yakha zintambo zazo kalula eyalo umoya. Nguye okuhambisa amagciwane, okusho ukuthi isifo ngokushesha kuthinta yonke into. I elula kunazo sokuthuthukiswa lengculaza izimbali, bona ithuthukisa futhi uyaqhubeka endleleni yayo ngokusebenzisa esihlahleni. Okungukuthi, entwasahlobo - yisikhathi lapho kuba ingozi yokutheleleka enkulu.

Ngaphansi ngokuvamile, ukutheleleka singena isitshalo ngosizo imvula. Kamuva amagciwane asinde ebusika ngaphakathi ipheya, futhi ukufika kwentwasahlobo uqalisiwe ukuthuthukiswa yayo. Maphakathi no-ihlobo, uzobona okukhipha Milky lehla aphume. Okungukuthi, kuqhubeke umjikelezo futhi. Kakhulu akuvamile, ukutheleleka kwenzeka phakathi ngokuxhunyelelwa noma ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi izihlahla. Kodwa leli gciwane lingase futhi yizinambuzane, aphid, izinyosi, izimpukane iminyovu.

zokuvimbela

Ukuvikela isibani kusuka umlilo okulimaza, kubalulekile ukugcina imithetho. Into yokuqala ukulondoloza ezithweni, ukuyikhipha yonke izitshalo zasendle. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene hawthorn, okuyinto evame Kugcwele ukutheleleka. isikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze wenze ukucutshungulwa izithelo izitshalo, njengoba izinambuzane kakhulu othanda umuthi, njengabo ipheya. Izifo amaqabunga - akusiwona inkinga kuphela ethwele. Ngezinye bristles zalo LANGENA kalula ensimini futhi umlilo okulimaza amagciwane yakho.

ukwelashwa

Ochwepheshe basikisela izindlela ezimbalwa ongazisebenzisa ukuze ulwe nesifo. Ngamunye wabo ihlolwe izikhathi ezingenakubalwa futhi siyasebenza ngempela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo zonke zibe elithola abo kanye nebubi, ngakho udinga ayicabangele ngokucophelela ingozi beqonda futhi inzuzo. Sinikeza izindlela ezintathu ukusiza belaphe okulimaza.

indlela Radical of indlela yokubhekana nalesi sifo

Uma kusayithi ikhula eziningi zemithi yezithelo, futhi omunye wabo wena esigubha izimpawu ithuthuka ngokushesha, kungcono ngokushesha ayibulale. Ngakho ukuvikela lonke engadini. Kulokhu, uma endaweni ezilimele lingaphansi kuka-30%, ungazama ukususa zonke ezindaweni ezithintekile, ngisho inyama ephilile usike at 20-40 cm ngezansi izindawo ethintekile. Ngemva kwalokho, ukucutshungulwa liyadingeka ukukhiqiza amathuluzi kumele kube u-70% utshwala noma 10% yethusi sulfate.

Nginesiqiniseko sokuthi uma uke waphawula ngezibonakaliso yakho ensimini yase okulimaza, enze ukuba kususwe yonke izitshalo zasendle nezihlahla, kanye uswidi izinambuzane, ukuze kugwenywe okunye.

Ukwelashwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane

Lena indlela ephumelela kakhulu, okuyinto evame kakhulu ukutusa ukusetshenziswa ochwepheshe. Ukuze balahle yalesi sishayo wasebenzisa ezivamile "streptomycin". Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane yokukhula kuyinto ngempumelelo kakhulu. Lesi sidakamizwa zingathengwa evamile ekhemisi wezilwane, kanye amabhodlela enkulu ayizinkulungwane 500. Amayunithi. kufinyeleleke kakhulu.

"Streptomycin" ingasetshenziswa nge lesion okuncane. Isikali - omunye ampoule 5 amalitha, kuyoba ngokwanele ukuba uphathe nedlanzana ezihlahla ezisakhula. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuba le nqubo - Meyi Juni. Ngalesi sikhathi, amahlumela zikhule ngokushesha, nokucubungula ezinjalo kuyoba yinto zokuvimbela kakhulu. Phinda inqubo kubiza amasonto 2-3, futhi emva kwemvula ngamunye esindayo, ikakhulukazi isichotho.

It is hhayi Kunconywa ukusebenzisa "streptomycin" izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-3 zilandelana. Futhi emva ukwelashwa ambalwa ashintshele evuselela bangangenwa yilesi sifo - a "fitosporin", "Immunotsitofit", "Usilika", "Zircon", nezinye izidakamizwa eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, enye indlela yokwelashwa kungathatha 2 izibhebhe iyiphi ekhemisi tetracycline wezilwane. It kungabuye ziyoncibilika 5 amalitha amanzi.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ungazama imijovo "streptomycin" ngaphansi amagxolo. Ukuze iningi endaweni ethintekile akhethiwe, sinqume, bese emhlabeni ukwenza umjovo ojwayelekile.

imithi

Namuhla, izitolo bangakunikeza Ukukhetha enkulu isebenziseka ngezindlela eziningi, ama-antimicrobial, okuyinto cishe ukusiza uma utheleleke ipheya. Izifo amaqabunga, izithelo, ezihlukahlukene izinambuzane - konke lokhu kuyizinto izinkinga zingaxazululwa kalula. Nokho, umlilo okulimaza - it is a bit kwesenzakalo uJehova angenela kuso.

nesikhunta Modern, ngaphandle zethusi esindayo, abanaso nhlobo nomthelela causative yayo amanxusa, okusho ukuthi le ndlela yokwelapha ngeke kukuthinte. Abalimi abaningi basebenzisa Bordeaux ingxube. Ukucubungula okwenziwe ngemva leaf, kwentwasahlobo nezikhathi ke eziningana kuze kube ngomzuzu wathela off. Nokho, lesi sakhiwo ingasetshenziswa zokuvimbela kuphela. Uma ukutheleleka sandile, ihlala yodwa ukuba usike ezindaweni ezithintekile, bese uzama ukonga usuku lonke esihlahleni. izitshalo Dead noma amagatsha ngabanye ashiswe.

Ezinye izifo ezivamile

Nokho, umlilo okulimaza - akuyona inkinga kuphela balimi. Manje ake sibone ukuthi yini enye kukhona isifo amahlamvu eliphakathi kwe ulwe nabo. isifo Common uqweqwe. Kuyinto isifo esibangelwe igciwane ehlasela amaqabunga, izimbali nezithelo. Amahlamvu ewa, crack izithelo. Ukugula nakho kungaholela ukunqotshwa basinda, kodwa ke kungcono ukususa. Utwayi, izithelo bola - isifo eliphakathi kwe izithelo ezinhle ngokwanele ukuba aphathe. Rot liyavela izithelo ngesimo izindawo sinombala phezu.

Ukuze ulwe uqweqwe usebenzisa amaningi sishaye Bordeaux ingxube nethusi oxychloride. Kudingeka ukuthi uqale ukwelashwa ngaphambi zom. A okwesibili ukuba bafeze lo inqubo Kunconywa ngesikhathi efihlekile esibelethweni, emva zom, bese amasonto amabili ngemva kwalokho. Against izithelo bola ke kudinga ithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu - fungicide jikelele "Inta-Onezinwele."

Kusukela yini enye kufanele banakekele izithelo zomuthi (eliphakathi kwe)? Izifo ukuthi kukhona eziyingozi kakhulu, odinga ukukwazi ukuze sithathe izinyathelo ezidingekile ngesikhathi. Esinye isifo esibi kakhulu ubhekwa powdery isikhutha. Amahlumela, amaqabunga, izimbali - konke ezinhlamvu abathintekayo lesi silwanyana ukhunta. I itheleleke isitshalo izingxenye zikhubazekile, ukuwa esibelethweni. Kulokhu, ukhunta ihamba kahle, ngisho nobusika obubanda kakhulu kunazo.

Ukuze kuvikelwe futhi ekwelapheni powdery isikhutha usebenzisa "fundazol" noma "Sulfite". Khumbula ukuthi ukhunta zibhebhetheka kahle sezulu ezimanzi, ngakho kungcono ukuchitha a zokwelapha ambalwa. Usizo Good kusukela isikhutha ingxube yemithi elwa namagciwane: "penicillin", "i-streptomycin" futhi "Terramycin" e isilinganiso 1: 1. Ngokuvamile ungabona kwi eliphakathi kwe nokugqwala, izindawo elikhanyayo ansundu amaqabunga kanye nezithelo. Ukukhombisa ukuphikisana nalokhu isifo udinga ukusebenzisa uketshezi isixazululo Bordeaux.

izinambuzane main

Ukukhetha kuka inqubo Blower, ezinhle zihlanganisa adideke i izinambuzane anti-isinambuzane. Futhi abangele umonakalo eside, ngaphezu, kukhona abathwali izifo ezihlukahlukene virus. Lokhu butterfly Aporia Crataegi kanye nomnikelo omncane ensundu, bhu empumalanga kanye nomnikelo omncane gallic, ipheya uphawu, ipheya sawfly futhi ipheya weevils, kanye nabanye abaningi. Ukuze uzivikele zonke lezi ezimbi, ngokwanele ukuba uphathe engadini zinambuzane letindzala ezifana "Decis", "Calypso" noma "bisque".

Kufinyeta

Izifo ezifana umlilo okulimaza, powdery isikhutha, izithelo ukubola, nokugqwala kusheshe negate wonke umsebenzi vshu engadini. ukwelashwa prophylactic kufanele njalo kwenziwe, futhi uma kudingeka, ukuthatha izinyathelo ngoba impatho okusheshayo futhi ngempumelelo. Zonke amathuluzi nezindlela ngokuphindaphindiwe ihlolwe, ukuphumelela kwazo kungase kutholakale, ngakho ungakwazi Akungabazeki ukuzisebenzisa ku zabo cottage ehlobo. uhlelo Universal - ukwelashwa kokuvimbela ekwindla, ngemuva leaf ukuwa ke entwasahlobo, ngokushesha emva uvuka, bese emva zom. Ngokuvamile lena ukujabulisa wena nge engadini unyaka wonke ngokwanele.