Feat Peter Nesterov. Lo mjikelezo yabekwa aviator Russian

pilot Soviet elwa amanqe amaNazi phakathi nempi, asenzelwanga nezinqama abangaphezu kwamakhulu ayisithupha. Lokhu feat ukuvikela eMoscow esibhakabhakeni, umshayeli kwenza Victor Talalikhin ekubeni isibonelo nezinye izinhlamvu. Njengoba iqhinga ngokuvumela abaleke ukuhlasela okuvela Nenkabazwe emuva, futhi sisetshenziswa kabanzi okuthiwa "loop". Umbhali yalezi zabuna avamile futhi babe we amasu zezindiza - pilot Russian uPyotr Nesterov. Loop futhi Tara wahlangana abangu kubo okokuqala emhlabeni. Ngalolusuku Ngikhumbula akubona bonke.

Sasiyini 'indiza ephephile "e ukunikezelwa kwama-IsiNgisi nesiFulentshi

Njengoba sekuzoqala zezindiza Ballooning theory predominated nomqondo indiza ephephile, owawuthi zonke aqondisa eyenziwe indiza kufanele ziye kwenziwe endizeni ovundlile. ukunyakaza Kuqondile avunyelwe kuphela uma ukugibela zenyuka. Ukwesaba zemvelo wezulu predominated kokubili ithiyori ezingqondweni yiliphi ibhangi kwathathwa njengosongo esiphuthumayo futhi zidinga isinyathelo ngokushesha ukuqeda ke. Kodwa umqondo sivunyiwe ngokusemthethweni futhi abaphikisi. Wayefuna fly ngokuphepha, kujika "walala" ebhange, ngisho ujike indiza yakho kuthiwa isiRashiya, "sibheke phansi". It akaphenduli ekuqondeni zihlaba ochwepheshe angaphandle aviators. Lutho isimanga kwakukhona ukuthi aphupha "sibalo" ukuzanywa Russian isikhulu ndiza uPyotr Nesterov, owaphothula Gatchina aeronautical esikoleni.

kumiswa

Isibonelo intshiseko ngomsebenzi wakhe nokuzidela ukuba ezweni kungenzeka isiphetho uPetru Nesterov. Loop, wabenza babe eliphakeme namakhono akhe, kodwa kwandulelwe ukugunyazwa okwenziwe omningi. Umkhaya amabutho, waqale ithole kumiswa wezikhali. On ezingeni umyalo omkhulu ezikoleni Imperial Russian kungaba liyokwahlulelwa kahle kanjani ikusasa umshayeli ababeyizazi wezibalo. Lolu lwazi kwamenza wakwazi ukwenza izibalo ezidingekayo theory asekele isidingo amabhange ematfuba kanye nokwenzeka mpo aqondisa elalibonakala amaqhinga ebulalayo. amakhono Engineering ziye zaba nomthelela ukuqaliswa eziningi izakhiwo zayo futhi izinguquko Amacebo ezindizeni serial. Konke lokhu akatholakalanga iningi abashayeli bezindiza ngaleso sikhathi, nobuhlakani bezempi namakhono aerobatics, futhi akukho okunye.

Njengoba kwakunjalo

Imfundiso muhle, kodwa wo hlinzeka kudingeka kube ubufakazi esisebenzayo. Njengoba sebezinikele kule ezimbalwa elide izindiza, i-aviator abanesibindi besondela ukugcwaliseka umcondvo lobalulekile. Ngo-1913, konke kwase kumi ngomumo. Airplane "Nieuport-4", ifakwe motor semidesyatisilnym "Gnome" kwaba ekhatsi Kiev Syretsko ensimini. Izethameli, elalihlanganyela lapha, ulindele protagonist isenzo oluzayo, umshayeli Nesterov. Lo mjikelezo yayibizwa kanjalo ngaleso sikhathi "ufile" ngenxa riskiness kakhulu lokhu "Ciphers ebulalayo." Usuku Agasti 27 kwaba usuku ushintsho ethemini zezindiza. Wathola igama lendoda owanqoba yokwesaba isintu phakade futhi wanikeza inkululeko ukuwuqondisa, bandisa ngekusasa. Manje indiza isibe insika onokwethenjelwa emoyeni, kungakhathaliseki isikhundla salo ngekwendzawo.

Uyini iluphu, yaqanjwa 1913 Nesterov iluphu

Lo mjikelezo kuyinto iqhinga mpo indiza ngesimo umbuthano avaliwe, kungakho igama. Kuyinto uplink futhi downlink, kuye ngokuthi isikhundla yokuqalisa ngokuhlobene ahlelembise sokugcina. Okwamanje, ukusebenza sibalo ezemidlalo inikeza esiphezulu esondela ezakheke embuthanweni (kulapho kuba "Rounder", ziqu of umshayeli ngazo ngenhla). Esimeni semakhaya wangempela emoyeni ukulwa, lo mthetho akuyona ihlonishwe, ukusebenza ngokweqile "ukuhlanzeka" ivumela isitha ukubikezela isikhundla target, okwenza kube lula ukunqoba, ngakho ngokuvamile kuba okusaqanda, side zibheka noma nendawo. Ezikhathini iluphu Nesterov sika belilokhu, ezakheke kakhulu ukubaluleka kwadingeka. Siyabahlonipha yokuthi esikhathini esithile, umshayeli nge indiza yakhe lalingaphezu ngaphezu komhlabathi esiphendula esibhekisa phansi.

kwezilwandle

Umlando lisifundisa ukuthi izinto eziza kuqala eRussia BakaJehova baziwa phesheya bayanqikaza kakhulu. Isimo yentshiseko bokuphakama komuntu siqu (ngokuvamile ngengqondo) ukuvela maqondana feat umshayeli Russian. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-12, iluphu loop angase okuphindaphindiwe aviator French Pegu. Yiqiniso, kwaba isenzo yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba, isibindi ukuze ace ayikwazi sinqatshiwe, kodwa ngasizathu simbe, ngisho e-Russia umlandeli umshayeli cindezela banaka kakhudlwana kuka iphayona kakhulu nowayenguSomhlahlandlela ka aerobatics. Phesheya futhi manje iluphu loop uthanda ukubiza "ufile" noma usebenzisa ikhoyili enjani (Loop The Loop). Nokho, kukhona manje bakholelwa ukuthi Marconi yasungulwa umsakazo ...

Loop loop in "Uortundere"

Kukhona computer game «neMpi Thunder». Loop loop kuwo - kuyinto aerobatics eziyinkimbinkimbi, okudinga izinga elithile "umshayeli" -geymera. Ukuze wenze lokho, kubalulekile ukuba bathole ijubane ezidingekayo (ngokuvamisile kuze kufinyelele 400 km / h) futhi kancane kancane zilawule ngumsebenzi ngokugcina isikhundla uma nje kunina kuyinto ezingeni. Kubalulekile ukuvimbela roll ezibucayi, okuholela umdlalo, futhi ezindizayo yangempela sekumiswe e ovundlile tailspin engalawuliwe. Loop loop in the «neMpi Thunder» ngendlela enhle neyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ihlezi qapha, ungeke ucabange ngokugcwele wonke eyinkimbinkimbi emizweni umshayeli, kubonakala okwesikhashana esiphendula esibhekisa phansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka, ngemiphumela yezenzo ezingalungile kungagcini umuzwa ukukhungatheka. Isibhakabhaka hhayi computer, akusho amaphutha ...