Emabito naletingabaleki ngesiNgisi. emagama etintfo letibalekako naletingabaleki

Liyakushintsha wonke mikhulu futhi wokulinganisa? Cha Nokho, lapha asikhulumi ngabantu okukhulunywa zefilosofi njengoba uthando noma ubungane. Sinesithakazelo emabito naletingabaleki ngesiNgisi. Sihlaziya zonke umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ngokusebenzisa kwawo.

Umqondo emabito naletingabaleki

"Uthando" izwi (uthando) kanye "ubungane" (ubungani) kuyodingeka kusihloko efaneleke kakhulu. Ngiphakathi eyodwa noma nezinye lingenakubalwa. Singasho sithi "eziningi uthando", kodwa ngeke sikwazi "uthando ezintathu". Yileyo indlela thina ukuhlukanisa phakathi emagama etintfo letibalekako naletingabaleki, inani lokuqala Ungahlala ukubala. Mhlawumbe ibhodlela lamanzi, ezimbili amabhodlela amanzi (eyodwa ibhodlela lamanzi, amabhodlela amabili amanzi), kodwa "amanzi kuphela" (eyodwa yamanzi), "amanzi ezimbili" (amanzi ezimbili) noma "amanzi ezintathu" (amanzi ezintathu) - kanjalo Abanaso uthi. Igama elithi "amanzi" - akunakubalwa.

Kungani bajwayelane isigaba emabito naletingabaleki? Ngempela ayikwazi ukusebenzisa la mazwi ngaphandle kokwazi uma ungathola kuzo? Eqinisweni, ngolimi lwesiNgisi kubalulekile, ngoba phambi emabito naletingabaleki akusho ukusebenzisa umunci ongacacile "a" (I-kwekwenta unkamisa - i), kanye ezithile sihloko isetshenziswa kuphela kwezinye izimo.

Izinhlobo emabito naletingabaleki

Khumbula ukuthi noma iyiphi emabito Russian naletingabaleki zingaba uzakwabo ngesiNgisi, ikufanele akhawunti. Nakuba mismatches abasakwazi ezingavamile. Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele ube umbono walokho amazwi kungenziwa ashiwo okungenani naletingabaleki ukuze usebenzise kahle kubo izihloko. Uhlu emabito naletingabaleki ngolimi lwesiNgisi yilezi:

• emabito etintfo longeke watibona: ubuhle ubuhle - ubuhle, imvume - imvume;
• amagama izifo: umkhuhlane - umkhuhlane;
• sezulu: imvula - imvula;
• ukudla: ushizi - ushizi;
• impahla: amanzi - amanzi;
• Ezemidlalo nemisebenzi: ingadi - nengadi;
• izinto: imishini - imishini;
• izici zokuma kwezwe: the Mississippi - Mississippi;
• izilimi: German - isiJalimane, isiRashiya - Russian.

Kanye eziningi generalising emabito ulwazi olufana - ulwazi, imali - imali. Ezimweni eziningi, ungakwazi ukuqagela ukuthi ibizo akunakubalwa. Kodwa amanye amagama kungabangela ubunzima. Ngokwesibonelo, izinwele - izinwele. Abanye abafundi babe okulahlekile, ababone e imisebenzi a izinwele. Eqinisweni, izinwele kanye izinwele - lawa mazwi ezahlukene. Eyokuqala ngempela naletingabaleki futhi elihunyushwe ngokuthi izinwele, izwi yesibili "ucingo eduze" futhi ingasetshenziswa isebuningini. IZwi iseluleko futhi kusimangaze. It has no plural, iseluleko alikho. It kungenziwa elihunyushwe ngokuthi "uMkhandlu", futhi njengoba "amathiphu" kuye ngokuthi isimo. Isithelo izwi akuyona "athela" futhi "imifino". Kuyinto ezingajwayelekile kakhulu ukuthola izithelo, kodwa linencazelo kuhle ethize ukuba baqaphele okushiwo okuyisibonelo "izithelo zinhlobo ezahlukene."

Izici ukusetshenziswa emabito naletingabaleki: tabito, isihloko

Nge Ibizo naletingabaleki isetshenziswa eliwumunci kuphela. Ngokwesibonelo, izindaba - izindaba. Isihloko nanini "a" ungalokothi ubeke phambi kwabo. Futhi, lezi emabito akudingeki bunyenti. Abaningi babo, kunjengokungathi kukhona e ubuningi: izindaba. Kodwa zingase elisetshenziswa tabito bobukhulu: abanye (ethile), kancane (kancane), kakhulu (okuningi), kanye ne tekukhomba lokhu (lokhu), ukuthi (elilodwa). Ngaphandle kwakho konke lokhu, kukhona amanye amagama sikwazi emabito naletingabaleki ngesiNgisi letibalekako: locezu, isitsha, isikhwama, ibhange, ingilazi, ama-tile, inkomishi, isinkwa, slice, nabanye.

Ngokwesibonelo, ibha insipho / ushokoledi / igolide - ucezu insipho / ibha ushokoledi / bullion igolide, isitsha izithelo - endishini izithelo, ngaphatha ibhokisi elinezincwadi ezithi ubisi - ngaphatha ibhokisi elinezincwadi ezithi ubisi, ikani likabhiya - can we ubhiya, inkomishi yekhofi - inkomishi yekhofi, isinkwa - isinkwa noma isinkwa.

emabito naletingabaleki uwukubonakaliswa ucezu

A ukusetshenziswa okuthakazelisa kakhulu igama elithi "ucezu" - ucezu. Livame ukusetshenziswa ne ezingalindelekile kakhulu amagama Russian abstract naletingabaleki, isibonelo, isiqeshana iseluleko, ucezu umculo, ucezu lolwazi. Futhi-ke, ngeke ukuhumusha lezi zinkulumo njengoba "yisiyalo", "ucezu umculo" noma "ucezu lolwazi", nakuba yamuva ayizona sisebenza ngokufanayo. Kodwa njengoba lesi kahle inkulumo ezinzile, bese ukudluliswa kuyoba "iseluleko" ethize, "umculo", "umyalezo."

Ukufaniswa emabito naletingabaleki tento

Uyini isenzo ukusebenzisa nemabito naletingabaleki: ngesimo munye noma ubuningi? Ngokwesibonelo, indlela ukusho "imali etafuleni"? Imali ivuliwe esifubeni noma Imali kukhona phezu kwesifuba? Ilungelo lokuba ukhetho lokuqala. Nemabito naletingabaleki tento asetshenziswa kuphela sisebunyeni. Izibonelo: ubisi fresh - ubisi, amanzi ashisayo kakhulu - amanzi ashisayo kakhulu. Kodwa uma kusetshenziswa amagama asizayo alinganisa emabito naletingabaleki, tento yaleso sivumelwano sekuqhubeke nabo. Ngokwesibonelo, ezimbili opopayi ubisi kukhona etafuleni - amakhathoni amabili obisi etafuleni, amabhodlela amathathu amanzi kukhona efrijini - amabhodlela amathathu amanzi kule esiqandisini.

emabito naletingabaleki ngolimi lwesiNgisi: izinhlobo

Ingabe zonke emabito lingenakubalwa, lahlukaniswa laba amaqembu? NgesiNgisi, womabili la maqembu, futhi, Isimanga siwukuthi, bahlukene ngenani, munye noma ubuningi. Ukuze zihlanganisa emabito aphindaphindiwe iphele -S, -es. Ngokwesibonelo, igama imidlalo (imicibisholo), isayensi eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma (ezomnotho), amaqembu kanye nezinhlangano (Police, Andes). Phambi kwabo asetshenziswa tabito tekukhomba plural labo noma lezi. Ngaphambi Ibizo naletingabaleki elisebunyeni, futhi iningi labo, kulesi simo wasebenzisa lokhu noma lokhuya.

emagama etintfo letibalekako naletingabaleki: izibonelo

Ukuze uqonde kangcono izici zalezi zinhlobo emabito, cabanga yebhangqa emabito, enye yazo letibalekako kanye nezinye - akunakubalwa. Sinesithakazelo ngokukhethekile yilezo ukuhunyushwa efanayo. Ngakho: ingoma - umculo (ingoma - umculo), ibhodlela - iwayini (ibhodlela - iwayini), umbiko - Ulwazi (umyalezo - Ulwazi), ekhabetheni - ifenisha (iKhabhinethi - ifenisha), ithiphu - iseluleko (izeluleko, amathiphu - iseluleko), umsebenzi - umsebenzi (umsebenzi, ucezu umsebenzi - umsebenzi), jorney - travel (travel, travel - travel), buka - kwenkundla (Uhlolojikelele uhlobo - uhlobo landscape). Igama elithi "iwashi", okusho ngesiRashiya isetshenziswa kuphela lisebuningini, kule nguqulo yesiNgisi uyokuma kuphela eyodwa. Umlindo eqolo - La amawashi eqolo. Nakuba, uma kuziwa ezihlukahlukene amahora ke singasho amawashi. Igama imali yakhona ingabagulisa nobunzima. Ngemva "imali" Russian - buwubuningi. NgesiNgisi, imali izwi - kuba njalo kuphela inombolo eyodwa ngaphandle kokukhetha. Ngokwesibonelo, Imali hhayi ngenxa yami - imali - akusiwona kimi. Imali ingaphansi komqamelo - Imali ngaphansi komqamelo. Okunye emabito ezithakazelisayo naletingabaleki ngesiNgisi: imeyli (i-imeyili, okungukuthi, amaphasela kanye nezinhlamvu), garlic (garlic), umonakalo (umonakalo, okubi, ukulahlekelwa, ukulimala), umsebenzi wesikole (wesikole), wokulinganisa (umcako), okuqukethwe (okuqukethwe, umbhalo kanye nokuqukethwe okuyingcaca isayithi), lwemali (lwemali), udumo (notoriety, udumo ukuthandwa), udoti (udoti, enhleseni, izinsalela), innicence (ubumsulwa, ukuba msulwa), jelly (ujamu), abasebenzi (umsebenzi, umsebenzi ikakhulukazi ngokomzimba) , imfuyo (izinkomo, izilwane agcinwa epulazini).

emabito naletingabaleki ngesiNgisi kanye possessives

Sebuniyo eveza ubudlelwane impahla. Ngokwesibonelo, inkulumo ethi "umsila inja," akucaci ukuthi ngubani ongowakhe bani. Kodwa uma ninikela elithi "inja" yakha kunjalo unesikhwele kuba ngokushesha ecacile ukuthi umsila ngowomnikazi inja, hhayi okuphambene nalokho. Imithetho ukubeka emabito IsiZulu letibalekako ulula esimweni sebuniyo: udinga kuphela ukwengeza ophela "s" ngemva aphostrofi, i-umsila Ngokwesibonelo inja. Kodwa kanjani ukuthi "izinga lokushisa kwamanzi", "mass impahla" noma "amakhilogremu ambalwa ice cream?" Ngokushesha kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi amabizo ezingaphili kuyaqabukela eyasetshenziswa endabeni sebuniyo. Njengomthetho, zisebenzisa isabizwana "ka", isibonelo: mass into - mass ndaba (njengoba sibona, ngolimi lwesiNgisi, igama elithi "izidakamizwa" akuyona akunakubalwa), amakhilogremu ambalwa ice cream - ice cream amakhilogremu ambalwa. ukwakhiwa "Ibizo + ibizo" livame ukusetshenziswa. Ngokwesibonelo, izinga lokushisa lamanzi - lokushisa kwamanzi.