Bromeliad izitshalo: i Uhlolojikelele, izici, futhi nezidingo ukunakekelwa

Umkhaya omkhulu zama-bromeliad (eyayaziwa ngokuthi Pineapple) has a ubulungu ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili. Bromeliad - nezitshalo eziqhakazayo monocots kuhlanganisiwe ukuze poales.

ukusabalala

umndeni bromeliad isitshalo ekudumisa kusuka ezishisayo of amazwekazi aseNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika, i-Afrika. Ziyakwazi ezivamile kakhulu ezishisayo nakwezifudumele sezulu esishintshashintshayo of America, kusuka ezingwadule ukuba ezinomswakama siluhlaza amahlathi.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, bromeliad axazulule ezweni lakwa-kuhlulekile zemithi ngisho amatshe.

Ngenxa ngendlela engalindelekile idatha, zonke izitshalo abe uhlelo kunalokho ebuthakathaka impande. Nakuba kunezinhlobo eziningi zikhula phansi, uthole ukudla okuvela emhlabathini, afana nezitshalo kakhulu.

incazelo

Bromeliad - izitshalo monocarpic. Ziyakwazi enethiwekhi nzima, ngokuvamile amahlamvu prickly. Phakathi izimbali, ngokuvamile kushiya kancane zipendwe ngemibala egqamile futhi imihlobiso kukhona ikhaya lokuqala izinyanga 2-3.

Iningi lezinhlobo basonta okuthiwa izitshalo kwesigubhu: banayo amahlamvu obunesikhumba ewumngcingo eqoqwe lapho uphuma khona, futhi yakha ichibi. Ngo uphondo ezinjalo iqoqa amanzi awe, bese lezi zinambuzane ayafa. kwakhiwa Ngakho izinsalela organic, okuyinto zidla izitshalo. Lesi sici liyadingeka bokucatshangelwa lapho ekhula amalungu amaningi omkhaya. Ngokwesibonelo, Guzman kufanele uyophuziswa kanye avundiswa kuphela yokuxhuma. Izici efanayo nobuntu kriptanusa, vriezy, neoregelia, ehmei.

Elinye lamalungu edume kakhulu umndeni uphayinaphu. Kanye kriptantusom eba emhlabathini, ukuthola konke ukondliwa kudingekile kakhulu enhlabathini esikuyo.
Ngokuvamile ekhaya, lezi zitshalo etshalwa ku ucezu isihlahla epiphytic. Umphumela izingoma kakhulu futhi original. I Snag Umumo kwendle ukwenza ikhefu, usigcwalisa ukukhanya substrate engowenhlabathi nezitshalo batshala. Izimpande ikhava phezulu ne moss, okuyinto kufanele njalo moisturize.

Ungamangali uma lapho uthenga kwilebula izitshalo alo mkhaya, kufanele ubone "bromeliad ukuxubana." izitshalo potted, ngokuvamile ezikhethekile amaketanga okudayisa ndawonye leli gama ezivamile.

Njengoba izimo zemvelo, izinhlobo eziningi ezimila ezindaweni ezinamadwala, ikhaya floriculture abazama ukudala izimo ngoba amaSucculents - ubekwe amafasitela eningizimu, futhi ahlinzeke ukuthambisa omuhle kwaphela.

Bromeliad izitshalo: izinhlobo kanye nezici

Zonke izitshalo ukuthi singabakaNkulunkulu lo mkhaya zingahlukaniswa izigaba ezintathu kuye ngokuthi endaweni yazo. Kule ngxenye sizozama ukuchaza ukuthi izitshalo bromeliad.

tank bromeliad

Phakathi naleli qembu kukhona izitshalo eziningi namahlamvu anemibala amahle ezinkulu efihlekile elikhanyayo. Lezi zihlanganisa: Gusman, vrieziyu, neoregelia, kriptantus, blue Tillandsia, ehmeyu. Lezi zitshalo abe rosette uphondo emise amahlamvu obunesikhumba emincane. Kusukela maphakathi nalo liphuma eliphakeme spike inflorescence. Ihamba obumba esidayisa ngakho uvalwe eduze komunye nomunye, akha ichibi lapho amanzi iqoqa.

Eziningi zalezi izitshalo zimila ehlathini American, lapho bekhula phansi ehlathini noma emithini kuphela. Roots kuleli cala, ukudlala indima uhlobo esiqinile, ephethe imbali isiqu esihlahleni. Isokhethi eba eminyakeni eminingana ngaphambi zom futhi zom uqobo ingahlala izinyanga eziningana ngemva kokuba esidayisa main efa futhi esikhundleni salo zikhule emuva ngasesinqeni se amahlumela side.

Ukukhanga le inflorescence bracts exhunywe yokuqala, njengoba izimbali ngokwabo ezincane kunalokho futhi ibingaba eyesikhashana ngempela. Isici lokunakekela izitshalo esitsheni Unisela kubo: ngokuthela amanzi ezithambile kufanele sibe uphondo, futhi kuphela ke ezimbalwa moisten ebusweni inhlabathi. Esikhathini ukunakekelwa ekhaya ukungavumeli amanzi ukuba bahlale hopper isikhathi eside: amaqabunga bayobola, ikakhulukazi nge ukwehla elibukhali lokushisa.

Ngo bromeliad epiphytic izitshalo endlini izimpande kuhle engajulile, ngakho kufanele itshalwe kangangokuthi babengakwazi esitebeleni substrate. inhlabathi amanzi ngalezi izitshalo kuyinto eyinhlekelele.

asemkhathini

Lezi zitshalo bromeliad uthanda ukuhlala lo omkhulu cactus ameva enisemikhawulweni amagatsha emithi, nokunye. N. Basuke enganamandla kakhulu uhlelo impande, futhi kwezinye izimo, izimpande kungukuthi athuthukile nhlobo. Bright eshiya abazi bona zenzeke, kodwana uhlobo izitshalo wehlukile kakhulu.

Izitshalo ezivamile futhi owaziwayo kuleli qembu - grey Tillandsia. In vivo abazitholayo amaconsi amanzi kusukela amazolo noma inkungu sokulungisa amaqabunga. Ukudla uzilungiselele kusukela ezinhlayiyeni ngothuli. Akufanele wanisela, kodwa kuphela kusukela atomizer ukuze fafaza amanzi ezithambile. Atmosphere bromeliad izitshalo badinga eningi ukukhanya, kodwa zihlakazeke. Abanaso badinga Iyisisekelo ekhethekile zobumba kahle ngokwanele ukuze uziqede othini zokuhlobisa.

zinhlobo eliwumhlaba

Lezi zitshalo baye evuthiwe impande, ngakho ekunakekeleni lezo musa ihluke iningi houseplants. Leaf izicubu, ikakhulukazi zinhlobo ehlane buthelela umswakama, ngakho bathatha esinamanzi kakhulu, bushelelezi futhi shiny. Ukunisela lezi zitshalo akudingeki a ngokulinganisela, akufanele bavunyelwe substrate amanzi.

Amanzi ukunisela ube elithambile. Primer for bromeliad eliwumhlaba kufanele ibe zikaphayini amagxolo, pre-comminuted phansi ishidi, humus kanye esikhulu emfuleni isihlabathi (4: 1: 2: 1). izidingo zokukhanyisa lezi imibala zincike esimweni lapho bakhulisa ekhaya: Inyama yenkomo esethinini kudingeka ilanga futhi phansi kriptantusy uthanda umthunzi.

izitshalo bromeliad endlini nokunakekela ngabo

Ekuqaleni, sizobe ukwethula ezinye izinhlobo ethandwa yalezi izitshalo ezingavamile, bese sizobe ukukhuluma indlela yokufinyelela izimbali ezimnandi kangaka, njengoba posted esihlokweni izithombe. Ukunakekela lezi imibala ilula.

uphayinaphu

Mhlawumbe unesitshalo esaziwa kakhulu lo mkhaya. Iningi abafundi bethu simazi futhi izithelo ezinkulu afana Bump. Futhi i sezimbali abanolwazi uyazi ukuthi ekhaya uphayinaphu kuyinto esiyize encane nge eside, amahlamvu abukhali othanda yokushisa kwelanga, spray ukuthambisa luningi. Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi sikhule lokhu imbali exotic kungaba kusukela izithelo ithiphu, okuyinto okuthengiswa esitolo.

billbergia

Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu isitshalo undemanding ukuthi ine eside, ezilenga amahlamvu. It blooms kanye kuphela endaweni esaphila. Amahlamvu aso zipendwe ngombala ocebile oluhlaza, onqenqemeni kancane serrated. Lesi sitshalo kumele kube ukukhanyisa elikhanyayo kanye nomswakama ngokulinganisela. Billbergia undemanding ukuba ukuthambisa, iyakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kokukhulelwa, tillage kanye nezinye izinqubo ukunakekelwa.

Vrieziya

Lesi simila yilona izitshalo kangcono labo asebamukele ukuba babe ezinye nakho okhulayo bromeliad epiphytes. Ukubeke alikho emhlabeni, naphezu kwe-oki * izingodo, yamagilebhisi yokuphunyuka noma iyiphi enye ingxenye isitshalo.

Vriezii zidinga umswakama high nobumnene ukuvikela amanzi ukunisela, okufanele ngokulinganisela. Lesi sitshalo bazithela kule rosette amaqabunga. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umswakama angami.

Hecht

Lolu hlobo eliwumhlaba zama-bromeliad, ngakho lesi sitshalo kwenza kube nezimfuneko ezibalulekile nokubunjwa kwenhlabathi:-ke kufanele kube lula futhi kube nomsoco. Hecht kudinga ziba ngcono njalo futhi ukuthambisa luningi. Uyabathanda kwelanga (ngisho imisebe ngqo) futhi emoyeni elomile, nakuba bromeliad kakhulu izimo ezifana ababuzwa.

Guzman

Lesi sitshalo yakha esidayisa Friend amaqabunga yesiteleka eside. Idinga umswakama high, ukuthambisa obuningi, endaweni okwanele, kodwa kuyatuseka ukumboza lesi sihlahla imisebe eqondile kwelanga. Winter blooms inflorescences elikhanyayo yokubukisa, lapho kufanele kususwe ngokushesha nje lapho ziqala ukuba zome.

neoregelia

Imbali has a amaqabunga eside kakhulu - kufike ku-35 amasentimitha, akha rosette obukhulu kabani isizinda ngaphambi zom blushes. Neoregelia isici endaweni elikhanyayo, lapho bangaveziwe ilanga imisebe. Nisela isitshalo emhlabathini, futhi kushisa kakhulu libalele, ungakwazi uthele amanzi e yokuxhuma.

Ukunakekela bromeliad

Ukuze wenze lezi nezitshalo eziqhakazayo ezingavamile, umnikazi kuzodinga amakhono athile futhi ukubekezela, kodwa kungenye into ehluke kakhulu elula banakekele izitshalo zom kakade. Ukuze kwathatha zom zidinga izinga lokushisa kuqhathaniswa okusezingeni eliphezulu (hhayi ngaphansi kuka +25 ° C), izitshalo zom kakade umnene ngokwanele, kodwa akufanele udedele ukuze +12 ° C.

bromeliad eminingi idinga ukukhanyisa elikhanyayo. Amalungu alo mkhaya awukwazi ukubekezelela substrate amanzi, futhi badinga amanzi okuhle. Umhlabathi ngokwawo bazithela kuphela ngemva kwalo seyomile. Ngo izinhlobo musa yakha rosettes, inhlabathi kumele kube ngokulinganisela olumanzi. Sishaye kuvunyelwe ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezinto eziphilayo kuphela ehlobo.
Lezi zitshalo bondliwa sishaye amahlamvu, ngakho njalo esikhundleni yamanzi sigqoka sprayer (liquid).

Emvelweni, lezi zitshalo cishe akukho izakhamzimba. Umanyolo Bromeliad izitshalo usebenzisa amaminerali kuphela, futhi ingqondo kufanele kube kahlanu esingaphansi umhlahlandlela uncoma yezinye izitshalo.

Uphindaphinde amahlumela isitshalo, okuyinto avele ezansi. Kuyadingeka ukuba ulinde isikhashana ngemva kokufa kwezisekelo kuze amahlumela. Izinqubo eneminyaka engu-izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu abatshalwé substrate engasindi futhi kuya kucedvwa aqukethe efudumele.

isihlahla bromeliad

Ukuze ukukhiqizwa yayo kudingeka baqiniswe kule esitsheni akhethiwe Snag ngamatshe namathayi usimende. Can uyifake zibheka noma obliquely. isiqukathi isipikili embozwe umhlaba noma esetshenziselwa zokuhlobisa amatshe amancane anemibala. Ukuze uthole "isihlahla" isitshalo enjalo ofanelekile eqinile uphondo-yokuxhuma.

Izitshalo ezikhethiwe isuswa amabhodwe, izimpande zihambisana sphagnum moss futhi Driftwood amagatsha primatyvayut ukuba wire polymer evikelwe ngci. Munye nobe mibili imbali zingabekwa emgqonyeni. Rosette izimbali kufanele uchichime amanzi njalo, kuthi njalo ngemva kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa izimpande zihambisana moss, wafutha ngamanzi esithambile.