Boris Zhitkov - umbhali kanye isihambi. Umlando Omfushane Boris Zhitkova

Ubani nje nempela kithi ebuntwaneni akazange ufunde izindaba ezimangazayo ngama abahambi?! Abaningi uyakuthanda imisebenzi enjalo, kodwa hhayi wonke, manje kukhunjulwe ukuthi umbhali yabo kwaba umbhali nomcwaningi Boris Zhitkov.

Manje cabangela Biography eningiliziwe ngale ndoda ephawulekayo.

Iminyaka Engu esakhula

Boris Zhitkov wazalwa ngo 1882 emzini Novgorod. Yena uvela emkhayeni ngamunye wama ofundile: uyise waba umfundisi omuhle, wafundisa izibalo uthisha Novgorod izikhungo. Umama nge umphefumulo wakhe wonke yayizimisele umculo, ebusheni bakhe, watadisha neningi Antona Rubinshteyna.

Nokho, uBoris ebuntwaneni wakhathazeka hhayi kuphela ngenxa relocations njalo (uyise onedumela "alithembekile" umuntu, ngakho ngokuvamile inqatshelwe endaweni), kodwa ngenxa ubunjalo umfana, ngiphuphe travel adventure.

iminyaka yakhe bayazi senzeka e-Odessa-ke Boris Zhitkov kuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme. Lapho efunda esikoleni esiphakeme Umngane wakhe omkhulu kwakulokhu nengane efunda nayo esikoleni kolya Korneychukov (umbhali izingane ikusasa sika Chukovski). Nokho, Ngaso leso sikhathi, nganquma ukuvele ngiye ngezinyawo Kiev, behluleka ukufinyelela Kyïv. Abafana babuyela emakhaya futhi wawajezisa kanzima babelethi babo.

ukuphupha ngani ukuhamba olwandle

Kuningi ukubona empilweni yami Boris Zhitkov, biography umbhali kuyalifakazela iqinisweli.

Boris kwaba umfundi iyafaneleka Nokho, wabhalisa e-University, ukuba kube khona ukwehlukana zemvelo, kunokuba zezibalo, njengoyise.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo eRussia ngo-1905 kukhala inguquko yokuqala Russian. Zhitkov wathatha ohlangothini izihlubuki, ngobunye ubusuku wamxosha ngasese ngomkhumbi isikhali "Battleship Potemkin" mbuso amatilosi emkhunjini. umfundi Ahlubukayo akazange ahlupheke eNyuvesi futhi ngaxoshwa.

Zhitkov kodwa akazange adikibale, wanquma uqaphele iphupho lakhe - babe itilosi kanye isihambi. Wanquma ukuthatha ukuhlolwa for isihloko itilosi, lolungenamaphutsa ngasinda ke futhi babhaliswa ebhodini omunye emikhunjini.

Eminyakeni emithathu ezayo, umbhali esizayo wakwazi ukuvakashela kokubili Olubomvu nokubhujiswa Black nezilwandle Mediterranean, uthathe uhambo oluya ezweni lase exotic Kuningi lapho izimila nezilwane.

unjiniyela Jobe

Inala nastranstvovavshis, Zhitkov isinqumo nokho ukuthola bona ubuthishela sina. Ngo-1909 efika Petersburg ukuze bathamele lesi Petersburg Polytechnic Institute. Zhitkov lidlule izivivinyo emnyango futhi waba umfundi futhi. Ke ngaya e-umkhuba e-Europe, lapho ayesebenza khona ngaleso sitshalo izikhundla kakhulu elula. Emuva ekhaya eRussia futhi ngempumelelo iziqu.

Ngo-1912, ngosuku olwandulela nempi yezwe eyayiyimbi, umbhali esizayo kwaphinde wathumela ethathe lolu hambo. Manje kwase kuyindodana le circumnavigation. amehlo Zhitkov yabona yonke imibala egqamile kanye namazwe esiyingqayizivele Asian: India, China, eCeylon. Kamuva nakho ukuhamba ziwusizo kakhulu kuye lapho eba umlobi.

Lapho ngibuyela ekhaya, uBoris Zhitkov wabona ukuthi inguquko uqalile kuleli zwe, okwaba engineer abasha kuleli abangasebenzi, baphoqwa ukuba azibulale futhi zululeka. Lapha ke Zhitkova bamvusa ngokubhala ithalente dozing ngaso sonke isikhathi.

ubunikazi

Boris Zhitkov, ogama biography kubonisa nokuthi waphuma i umndeni bafundile, ebuntwaneni uyakuthanda izincwadi. Wayelokhu idayari, wabhala tindzaba netinkondlo, wabhala incwadi ethakazelisayo.

Futhi kwamaSoviet, wayengumuntu umbhali yangempela. Sekukonke eminyakeni Zhitkov wanyathelisa kuka 192 imisebenzi. Kuyinto izindaba, travel amanothi. Izincwadi zakhe zisekhona ethandwa kakhulu nezingane, ngoba kuzo umbhali uchaza ngokucophelela futhi izwe yasendle bomdabu kanye engokwemvelo amazwe akude. Amaqhawe imisebenzi yakhe yaba amatilosi anesibindi, abavukeli isiRashiya, izilwane kanye nje abantu kwakwakhiwa.

Uchungechunge imisebenzi wadala Zhitkov abafundi abasha kakhulu wabiza ngokwakhe nombhali "Encyclopedia unyaka abaneminyaka ezine." Lezi zihlanganisa izindaba ezifana "mug ngaphansi isihlahla sikaKhisimusi", "pudya", "Yini ngikubonile." Amaqhawe lezi izincwadi ethinta inhliziyo, nelukuluku futhi kuyaqondakala ingane ngayinye.

Inani nokuphila kanye nomsebenzi umbhali

ukuphila ezicacile futhi ongasoze wahlala Boris Zhitkov, isithombe lo muntu wamshaya ukubukeka ekhethekile, ngawo umbhali ubheka abantu. Lokhu ngesibindi ngesikhathi esifanayo uhlobo lomuntu ukubukeka ilungele ukulwa bonke ubunzima ekuphileni futhi othanda ukuzenza ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Ngempela uthando ne ukuphila komuntu Ngazizwa Boris Zhitkov, isithombe Biography of yakhe - isiqinisekiso ecacile.

Umlobi wafa esemncane. Wayeneminyaka engu-56 kuphela ubudala. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, ubangwa nezibi, kodwa ekujaheni ukuphonsa ithawula ukugula kwakhe, futhi wabalwela Usuku ngalunye oludlulayo.

B. Zhitkova wangcwatshwa 1938 eMoscow, ngaleso emathuneni abadumile Vagankovsky.

iminyaka engu-15 kuphela zokuphila kwakhe Zhitkov waphila njengomuntu umbhali. Nokho, umnikelo wakhe izincwadi zezingane akunakuphikwa. Kuyinto umlobi wale ncwadi ukuvula ezinganeni zonke ubuhle bomhlaba yemvelo futhi ufunde isimo sengqondo ngokucophelela futhi enenhlonipho, beza kuye.