BMD-2 (elwa imoto kokwehla): Ukucaciswa nezithombe

BMD - segama kuyo inkulumo ethi "sisemoyeni ukulwa imoto." Njengoba leli gama lisikisela, le BMD - kuyinto imoto ukuthutha amayunithi we Air Assault Amandla. Inhloso Its main - kokuqhuba esiphikisayo isitha izimoto armored futhi isitha elihamba phansi. lo mshini obizwa ngokuthi 'Booth "emibuthanweni professional ezempi.

Ukuze afeze ukulwa layo mission BMD kungenziwa uthuthwa izindiza zempi ukuze ukufika. Kwamacala esiyolandelwa kusukela izindiza kanye Mi-26 usebenzisa ukumiswa zangaphandle.

benza imoto ukulwa BMD-2 kanjani?

Isizukulwane sokuqala BMD Abaklami esezikhona 1969, nangemuva kokuhlolwa ke isifakwe ku inkonzo Airborne amatutu eSoviet Union. Okuqhubekayo inhlangano yokulwa imoto sasibanjelwe Volgograd izixaxa Plant. Iminyaka yokuqala ke yadalwa ngezinsuku eziningi limited. Ukuze uqalise ukukhiqizwa serial amandla asetshenziswa Steel Institute, i-Institute of Welding kubo. Paton.

Ngo-1980, nabaqambi Soviet, wafunda isipiliyoni ukusetshenziswa BMD ezimpini Okuyınqo, kwi ngcono imodeli ekhona. Isidingo nesimanje umshini ukulwa lokubikezela kucaca ngemva Afghanistan, lapho imoto armored wawumatasa esetshenziswa. kungase kutholakale ukulwa kahle ezindaweni ethafeni, isizukulwane sokuqala ukulwa imoto lokubikezela ezinkangala ukulahlekelwa.

Izikhungo emandleni emoyeni wemoto eSoviet Union elwa BMD-2 kufika ngo-1985. yesibili umshini isizukulwane ukubukeka akuyona ezahlukene ikakhulukazi kusukela BMD-1. Esithombeni Comparative BMD-2 kanye BMD-1 kungabonwa: ushintsho lwaluthatha isikhathi tower ne izingalo. Sikebhe futhi injini ayizange ithuthuke. Ukubhapathizwa umlilo esenzeka armored ukulwa imisebenzi e-Afghanistan zwe.

Eminyakeni eyalandela, BMD-2 yasetshenziselwa ezimpini endaweni eRussia nakwamanye amazwe. Njengamanje, "Booth" enkonzweni e amabutho eRussia, eKazakhstan nase-Ukraine.

izici Bezakhiwe BMD-2

Umklamo umshini ukulwa lokubikezela kubhekwa azifani. Eme phambi kwaleso emaphakathi umshayeli-umakhenikha, emva kwakhe wamabutho, washiya - imicibisholo. I gumbi ezingemuva is wahlela ukuba ukufika. It angazamukela 5 sisemoyeni.

Ezezindlu BMD-2 ihlukaniswe 4 tigaba:

• ukushayela gumbi;
• warhead;
• lixuku gumbi;
• injini-ukudluliswa gumbi engangikulo.

Warhead nokulawula ngokwahlukana bamunye izingxenye phambi futhi phakathi imoto armored. Ingxenye emuva sihlukene phakathi kokwehla gumbi injini.

bezinhlamvu Armored ashiselwe kusuka eshidini aluminium, ezihlanganisa iqembu BMD-2. I izici zalesi metal ingafinyelela ngesivikelo esiphumelelayo at isisindo ongaphakeme. Zempi uyakwazi ukuvikela iqembu amachashazi, izinsalela ezimayini ezincane kanye amagobolondo. Umzimba isikhumba ukujiya phambili ingxenye engu-15 ubudala mm ohlangothini ngalunye - 10mm. Umbhoshongo has a ukushuba 7 mm zempi. BMD phansi kwagcizelela izimbambo, okuvumela ukuba yimpumelelo emoyeni iconsi. I ukuphakama okungenani ukufika elingamamitha 500, ukuphakama esiphezulu - 1500 amamitha. Isebenzisa mnogokupolnye parachutes esisheshayo uhlelo PRSM 916 (925).

Ngemva ngcono PM-2 wathola umbhoshongo entsha isiyingi. It has a usayizi ezincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yena waba nethuba bacibishele enophephela emhlane, kanti izindiza ongaphakeme-flying. thwi engela ekhombe lenyuka ngemazinga 75.

Bezinhlamvu BMD-2 uphawu. Lokhu baphendula 'nedokodo' e elintantayo imoto armored. Ukuyisa ngokusebenzisa amanzi isithiyo usebenzisa ukufakwa kwamanzi inganono, ogxile isimiso isinyathelo injini yokusifuqa. Ngaphambi ukushayela ngokusebenzisa amanzi isithiyo kuyadingeka ukuthi siphakamise phambi iphaneli Ikani. Ngenxa izakhiwo ukufika ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni umshini kungaba kwenziwe nge imikhumbi.

Yenjini chassis

Uma udala BMD-2 onjiniyela akazange afeze sesimanje ephelele injini kanye chassis. Ngo zilwe kokwehla umshini motor 5D20 ezifakiwe. Lokhu injini udizili 6 amasilinda. It uyakwazi ukuthuthukisa amandla 240 amahhashi.

BMD-2 isebenzisa abakhasi. On Uhlangothi ngalunye rollers 5 kanye roller 4. Oholela oluvala amasondo ezingemuva, amasondo phambi kukhona mhlahlandlela. Chassis has a isakhiwo elikuvumela ukuba ulungise imvume. Ubuncane phansi imvume 10 cm, kuyilapho esiphezulu -. Ukumiswa 45 cm izimele.

2. BMD izikhali Faka

Yesimanje sisemoyeni ukulwa imoto in the 80s ikakhulu wathinta tower ne izikhali. Kabusha kokudubula arsenal wenza isipiliyoni wezempi e-Afghanistan.

Njengoba firepower main kuthiwa usebenzise isibhamu othomathikhi 2A42 30 mm ubukhulu. Umzimba womuntu ungakwazi kokudubula sendleleni. Ukuqina umgqomo senziwa izindiza ezimbili nge isimame izingalo 2E36-1 electrohydraulics. I ophahleni lombhoshongo main inhloso MIC-1-42 ithuluzi ngasocansini. "Booth" uyakwazi zokudubula ibanga km-4.

Kufundza ngababili nge turret isibhamu umshini isibhamu PKT 7,62 mm. Battle Setha BDM isizukulwane yesibili 300 amagobolondo for isibhamu 2000 imizuliswano ukuze isibhamu umshini.

Ukuthuthukisa firepower izikhali ezengeziwe ingasetshenziswa BMD-2. Imiyalelo Operating ukunquma indlela yokwakheka izikhali ezengeziwe:

• omunye 9M113 "Umncintiswano";
• ezimbili ATGM 9M111 "Fagot";
• 9P135M isiqalisi.

Iziqhumane inhloso uyakwazi ngekhatsi 54 degrees nendawo futhi kusukela -5 ukuba +10 ku mpo.

ku izikhali kwethulwa missile izakhiwo "Igla" futhi "Strela-2" I-mpi ngokumelene emoyeni okuhloswe.

Kuhlomisa zilwe imoto ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni

BMD-2 ama-apharathasi ifakwe ibhulukwe umhlangano P-174, P-123 transceiver (kamuva kuthiwa lathathelwa indawo nge F-123M).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusho ibhodi izimoto armored kuyinto:

• eziyinkimbinkimbi umlilo okuzenzakalelayo ukucindezelwa;
• uhlelo ukuhlunga and qeda air;
• uhlelo isivikelo izikhali zembubhiso kanye zenuzi;
• uhlelo isivikelo ezikhali zamakhemikhali ;
• ebusuku imishini umbono;
• nobudlova emoyeni ngaphakathi emzimbeni ukulwa imoto.

Ukucaciswa "zokulala"

Phakathi 'nedokodo' yempi bakwazi ukunqoba izithiyo ahlukahlukene. Ngaphandle nobunzima elwa imoto BMD-2 angaya odongeni 80 amasentimitha ubude futhi unqobe emseleni ububanzi 1.6 amamitha.

Ukulungiswa BMD-2

Amabutho sisemoyeni esetshenziswa ezimbili izinguqulo ukulwa umshini ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni:

• BMD-2K - umkhuzi nguqulo ye umshini iphinde ifakwe umsakazo-P 173, a uphethiloli generator amandla kagesi AB-0,5-3-P / 30 kanye polukompasom gyroscopic HPA-59;
• BMD-2M - ngaphandle izikhali ejwayelekile, ukufakwa has a PTUR double "Cornet" ngaphezu izikhali ukukhwezwa elawula uhlelo benethuba sokukhomba usebenzisa imager ezishisayo.