PCT (isibhamu) - izici. PKT umshini tank isibhamu

FCT - Kalashnikov machine gun tank - kwadalwa le gunsmith edume Soviet Mihailom Timofeevichem Kalashnikovym. Wanikeza ezweni lethu kanye nasemhlabeni jikelele ngokuvamile, hhayi ngaphansi isikhali edume ukwedlula umshini abadumile, esetshenziselwa embulungeni yonke futhi kuze kube namuhla. Esikhathini sokuqala, noma ukuhlela kabusha - akunandaba. Kubalulekile ukuthi PCT - Kalashnikov machine gun tank - ubulokhu kungenzeka isikhali oluzosiza lizwe emashumini eminyaka ambalwa.

Iminyaka ukulethwa nokusebenza

Ukwamukela isibhamu sasiqhutshelwa ngo-1961. imodeli Ukusebenza kwenzeka manje. Ngakho-PCT - Tank isibhamu Kalashnikov - esekelwe inani, umklamo oyisisekelo lathathwa Kalashnikov. Nokho, njengabanye ukulungiswa ezikhethekile.

isicelo

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umshini PKT ithangi, ogama izici (ambalwa) uzobe achazwe kulo magazini lalisetshenziswa inqwaba izingxabano wendawo. Futhi ithangi ukuguqulwa hhayi kuphela, kodwa amanye amamodeli we izikhali. It wasetshenziselwa ngamasosha phakathi nesikhathi sokuphela XX leminyaka ukungqubuzana nokuqala XI leminyaka.

uhlangothi ehlukile

Ngokuvamile PC (ngokukhethekile, PCT - Tank isibhamu Kalashnikov) sinezici kakhulu ngokuya ukuwohloka, kanye nezenzo zokuhlatshwa. Ukuba lula design (futhi sonke siyazi ukuthi ukuklanywa Kalashnikov izikhali kuba) kuqinisekisa nokwethenjelwa eliphezulu futhi, yebo, ukuthembeka.

Ukwakhiwa kwezikhali

Isisekelo ukudalwa kule yunithi wakhonza njengephayona isimiso okuthiwa "olulodwa machine gun." Kuyini lokho okushiwo yile? Iqiniso lokuthi umklamo we "isibhamu esisodwa" kuhilela ukuguqulwa izikhali njengesosha elihamba phansi, anti-tank, umshini esindayo, anti-aircraft okufana. Ngakho isakhiwo esiyisisekelo akuyona ishintshe. Lona umnyombo walokho "isibhamu esisodwa" linamathele isizinda, okuyinto ngofuzo Kalashnikov machine gun PKT.

ukuhlukahluka

Infantry (obizwa nangokuthi ngesandla) inketho isetshenziswa uma kufakwa bipod (PC). Ukusetshenziswa njengendlela isibhamu umshini idinga ukufakwa kwe-umshini esihambisanayo (PKC). Ukusebenzisa isikhali isikhali ku-armored izisebenzi yenethiwekhi (APC) it is ogibele amadivayisi ezikhethekile. Kwenzeka okufanayo endabeni usebenzisa isibhamu endaweni turret tank (FCT).

By the way, ezithakazelisayo Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umshini esindayo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi elihamba inketho ingasetshenziswa iwukudambisa kunosongo emoyeni.

Yomiselela ithangi ngezibhamu

Kuze 1962, amathangi esetshenziswa Goryunova isibhamu. Ngalowo nyaka isibhamu salandelwa zobuchwepheshe kakhudlwana futhi ophelele izici Tactical futhi yomsebenzi FCT. Ngakho, lapho beshintsha ukuklanywa onjiniyela Wenza izinguquko eziye zehlela kuhlanganise mbukwane. Bakhandwa ukususwa ngoba wasebenzisa emehlweni optical ngoba kuhloswe ngesibhamu Target FCT.

ukusebenza sekukonke futhi yenza izinguquko. Wemigqomo obuphelele, kanye nenqwaba isibhamu umshini, aye athuthukiswa. Butt njengoba ezingadingekile lususiwe kusukela isakhiwo. Ukuze ukulawula umlilo ukude gunsmiths ungeze injini isiqalo.

amaqiniso

Ezimweni eziningi, i-Kalashnikov ithangi umshini zalala anti-tank isibhamu.

PKB ogibele izimoto armored by ukunamathela esihlotsheni ukwesekwa ezikhethekile. Yena, kuhlotshaniswa bronetransportom nge kubakaki. Ngakho, isiqu uzobe atshalwa isiqondiso lapho kuyodingeka ukudubula.

ukudla

Ukuze unikeze izikhali ezisetshenziswa tape metal. Tape ngokwayo ibekwe ebhokisini elikhethekile ohlangothini ngesibhamu. Umthamo izinhlamvu zingahluka. Lokhu ukushintshashintsha phezu cartridges 100 no-200 futhi 250.

sesimanje

Njengazo cishe noma isiphi isikhali, a Kalashnikov machine gun kwaba inqubo yesikhathi sesimanje. Yenzeka eminyakeni ethi ayibe 8 ngemva esisemthethweni inkonzo ukwamukelwa ebuthweni laseSoviet. Okungukuthi, ngo-1969.

Yini sesithuthukisiwe? Isisindo isikhali uyekiswe ngokushesha nge 1.5 amakhilogremu. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, imodeli ethuthukisiwe ukwazi ukusebenzisa zokungcebeleka ebusuku angadingi backlighting.

ukukhiqizwa manje

Namuhla isikhali athuthukile Mihailom Timofeevichem Kalashnikovym, sisetshenziswa kabanzi emazweni amaningi e-Asia, Middle East, emazweni-European Union. Kodwa thina manje ukhuluma ngani Kalashnikov machine gun nezincazelo zayo ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho, ekhiqizwa usuku (ngaphandle Russia) e China, kanye Bulgaria futhi Romania.

Isizinda

Ubani ongeke uthi, neSoviet High Command usefunde kokuhlangenwe nakho seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Khona-ke, njengoba wazi, Wehrmacht wakwazi ngempumelelo nokuqalisa amamodeli we izibhamu MG 34 / MG 42 e imishini yempi efunwa amaRoma German. Ngakho, onjiniyela baseSoviet abaphenya oda kwaphezulu uye wakwenza wahlanganyela izikhali efanayo. Ngenxa yezizathu ezisobala, ukuthi zaphumelela ukwenza kanjalo Mihail Timofeevich Kalashnikov.

izidingo Tactical futhi technical ezisebenza izingalo, zavunyelwa ngo-1946. Ngu gunsmiths onjiniyela ezidingekayo ukwakha jikelele-njongo machine gun, esizokujamiselela esindayo umshini isibhamu Maxim.

Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo wukuthi olulodwa machine gun design kwahlongozwa e ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, e-20s. Its ezihlongozwayo uVladimir Fedorov, owayenguyise umklami ukudayiswa kwezikhali ezincane.

Ithimba Izhevsk gunsmiths, okwakubekelwa eliholwa Kalashnikov, usejoyine inqubo yokuthuthukisa amakhono isibhamu esisodwa 50s. Ithimba ngaleso sikhathi lalinabashumayeli abantu eziningana: Krupin V., Kryakushin AD, Puschin V N. Ngesisekelo idivayisi kulula machine gun Kalashnikov. Kwakukhona ezinye zezizathu, ngoba ukwenza kanjalo inikeza lula ukusetshenziswa kanye nokwethembeka.

Ngo-1960 wathatha test, injongo okwakukhona ukuhlonza okungcono kukho izibhamu. Ukuhlola senzeka PC, kanye isibhamu umshini Nikitina-Solovyov. Won, yebo, PC. Izinzuzo main zihlonzwe:

1) Njengoba kusetshenziswe izinhlamvu cartridges 7,62 mm, esibahlomisela tape ejwayelekile kusukela isibhamu Maxim, isibonelo.

2) PC kwaba akanandaba igebe ezenzeka phakathi tube igesi kanye piston.

3) ukuzwela Ngaphansi kumele ukuthulisa. Lokhu kubalulekile ngempela endabeni ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni zempi.

4) yesifunda uvala ihanjiswa.

5) disassembly kwengxenye silula kakhulu futhi kulula.

6) Ukonakala kwenzeka hhayi okukhulu kangaka. Yokuhlanza akuyona isibonelo kulula.

7) Izinto livikela kakhulu, isibhamu usebenza stably.

8) Isisindo okuncane okumayelana 300 amagremu.