Biography Aristotle kafushane mayelana sefilosofi yamaGreki asendulo

Aristotle - iyona sefilosofi enkulu ngezikhwepha yaseGrisi yasendulo, umsunguli esikoleni Peripatetic, isazi. Umfundi othandekayo kaPlato no mqeqeshi umlawuli omkhulu Aleksandra Makedonskogo - futhi u-Aristotle.

Biography kafushane izingane: ku Eminyakeni yokuqala

Ngo 384 BC. e. e Stagira, ikoloni ngesiGreki eduze kweNtaba Athos, u-Aristotle wazalwa - omunye zefilosofi okukhulu kunakho konke emlandweni.

Abazali usosayensi esizayo, ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi Stagirite kwaqala zasebukhosini. Nicomachus, uyise usosayensi esizayo, udokotela ngofuzo, wakhonza njengephayona udokotela enkantolo futhi aqeqeshiwe umlandeli wakhe izisekelo ze-art wezokwelapha kanye nefilosofi ngaleso sikhathi nolimi kusukela umuthi. Aristotle wasebuntwaneni lihlotshaniswa inkantolo Macedonian, futhi wayazi kontanga yakhe, indodana yinkosi Amyntas III, uFiliphu.

Aristotle yintandane esemncane futhi wakhuliswa isihlobo proxy. bokugcina emahlombe abo ekhathaza ngale nsizwa, wasiza imfundo, babeyikhuthaza kakhulu ilukuluku kwentombazane, wachitha imali ukuthenga le ncwadi ngaleso sikhathi eqolo, cishe uphawu lokunethezeka. Somusa izindleko ezifana isimo ezisele ngemuva kokufa kwabazali bakhe. Biography Aristotle, sifinyeto okuyinto isithakazelo esiqotho entsheni yanamuhla, uphefumulela ngempela ejulile othi esebeke emahlombe abo umthwalo wokufundisa abanye abantu abanesithakazelo ikusasa evumayo yezwe labo.

UPlato ungumngane wami

Biography Aristotle ekutshela kafushane mayelana nendlela yokutadisha otholakala 367 BC. e. Aristotle wathutha e-Athene, lapho yahlala khona kwamashumi amabili. Emzini odumile ngesiGreki insizwa apprenticed kuya Academy, evulekile sefilosofi omkhulu uPlato. Mentor, benze kunakwe the brilliant bokusungula, ulondoloze isithunzi somfundi, waqala ukwaba ke phakathi kwezinye izitshudeni.

Aristotle waqala kancane kancane ukudamba yakhe ukubukwa uthisha nemibono nokwakhela yalelozwe zabo. Akukona emnandi kakhulu uPlato, kodwa kwemibono yayingakuthinti ubudlelwane siqu phakathi geniuses ezimbili. Iningi imibono izingqondo ezimbili ezinkulu ayehlukile ngesimo sawo siphethe ngokuthini ngemfundiso yokuthi imibono, okukholelwa ukuthi uPlato, kwakheka emhlabeni ehlukene nemizimba. Ukuze umfundi wakhe imibono ka-Aristotle yayimane nje okushiwo izenzakalo impahla, begqoke labo imibono efanayo. Ngokuqondene nalokhu kuphikisana Aristotle kwamenyezelwa ibinzana abadumile, uzwakele indlela efingqiwe yokubhala igama ngokuthi "uPlato ungumngane wami, kodwa iqiniso kuyabiza." Mayelana hlonipho Amazing Aristotle ekubeni umeluleki wakhe othandekayo uPlato kungenziwa abahlulela yokuthi le nsizwa, yena owayesevele esungulwe emhlabeni uhlelo, futhi kungakho izimo lenhlangano esikoleni yayo zefilosofi, akazange akwenze lokhu nge umeluleki zokuphila.

Biography Aristotle uchaza kafushane, ngo 347 BC. e., ngemva kokuhamba eyomunye emhlabeni umfundisi omkhulu, endaweni yakhe yokuba inhloko Academy ke kwakuhlezi umshana wakhe Spevsipom. Aristotle, babephakathi kwabangu-disaffected izimo, wasuka e-Athene ngo-isimemo yezithunjwa zikamashiqela ingakwazi Hermias (umfundi kaPlato) baya emzini we-Asu, ayese-Asia Minor. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-2 kokuphikiswa okusebenzayo ku-Persian ijoka Hermias ekhashelwa futhi ibethelwe, ngokuqondene nalokho Aristotle kwadingeka ukuba usheshe ushiye Asu. Futhi wagijima Pythias - isihlobo Hermia, kamuva owaba ngomfazi isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki. Uyisiphephelo umbhangqwana osemusha utholakale edolobheni Mytilene (saseLesbos Island). Kulapha-Aristotle wacelwa ukuba umeluleki indodana kaPhilip u-- Alexander, ngaleso sikhathi owayeneminyaka engu-13 ubudala.

Mayelana umfundi ka-Aristotle

Biography Aristotle libonisa kafushane ukuthi ithonya isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki ngemvelo umfundi wakhe futhi indlela yakhe yokucabanga, owawungumnyaka kamuva udumo lwayo njengoba umlawuli omkhulu kunayo yonke, wawumkhulu kakhulu.

U-Aristotle, eziklanywe ekungameleni ugqozi umphefumulo esigcemeni, wathumela insizwa imicabango sina, izifiso yizicukuthwane utshelwa ukuba benze izenzo nenkazimulo, safaka nakanjani umuntu abe nothando "Iliad" - incwadi zikaHomer, okuyinto kuhambisana Elikhulu kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe. Alexander athola imfundo classical, lapho into eyayenziwa kakhulu ekutadisheni ezombusazwe futhi izimiso zokuhle. Njengoba zomholi omncane ababeyizazi izincwadi, imithi kanye nefilosofi kahle.

isizinda esikoleni

Biography Aristotle uthi kafushane indlela isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki, siphuma umshana wakhe Callisthenes Mkhulu 335 BC. e. Wabuyela e-Athens, lapho afike wasungula khona isikole wefilosofi Lyceum (high school), ngaphandle kwalokho okubhekiselwe kubo ngelithi "Peripatetic" (kusuka ku- "peripatos" - ehlanganiswa igalari emhlabeni egcekeni, uhambo). It libhekene indawo ye eemfundweni uthisha noma nangendlela ezinikezwa ngayo ulwazi enqubeni - abahambahamba emuva naphambili. Abameleli beNdikimba esikoleni Peripatetic, kanye nefilosofi yokwenza wesayensi ezahlukene: i-physics, i-geography, ukufunda izinkanyezi, umlando. On the amakilasi ekuseni, kubhekiselwa kuzo 'njengamadoda akroamaticheskimi ", ohanjelwa abafundi ukulungele kakhulu ntambama ukulalela sefilosofi kungaba ubani.

Lokhu isikhathi biography of isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki kuyisinyathelo wemfanelo, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi e inqubo yocwaningo osekwenziwe okutholakele eziningi ezibalulekile futhi wadala indima okukhulu imisebenzi, buvezwa kanye endleleni eyiyona ukuthuthukiswa kwesokudla isayensi emhlabeni. Phakathi nale minyaka, umkakhe Pythias wafa. Lapho elithuma okwesibili, u-Aristotle washada izincekukazi zakhe zangaphambili Gerpillide.

Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Biography Aristotle kafushane futhi ngokucacile uchaza ukuthi isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki, wahlanganyela ngentshiseko emhlabeni yesayensi, kwangiphatha zikude izenzakalo zezombusazwe, kodwa ngemva kokufa kuka-Alexander Omkhulu ngo-323 BC. e. kuleli zwe igagasi lokushushiswa anti-Macedonian futhi ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu, uqweqwe esibhakabhakeni kanye phezu kwekhanda isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki. Aristotle, icala lokuhlambalaza nokungahloniphi wonkulunkulu, okwaphoqa owaqamba waqonda ukuchema kuzo olulandelayo enkantolo, ukukhonza nabanye abafundi Halkida esiqhingini Euboea, elaba sokugcina indawo yokuphumula ekuphileni kwakhe. sefilosofi oneminyaka engu-62 ubudala wabulawa nesifo esiwufuzo isisu. Ehola Lyceum-Aristotle walandelwa esikhundleni umfundi wakhe engcono uTheophrastus. Rhode usosayensi omkhulu waqhubeka indodakazi yakhe Pifialoy (indodana ka Nicomachus ngokusho kwezinye izincwadi, nokucatshangwa, ngisho iminyaka yakhe yobusha, wabulawa empini).

Aristotle: Biography emfushane futhi wokuvula yayo

Ngoba kunesithembiso umbono wokuthi Aristotle omkhulu kwakwenzeka futhi indoda egula. inkulumo yakhe kwaba kakhulu futhi fast zinokukhubazeka: sefilosofi uhlanganise ezinye imisindo okungahambisani kunganciphisa umnikelo wakhe omkhulu isayensi.

Thanda ezikhathini zasendulo impela, ongqondongqondo, u-Aristotle ngaphandle nefilosofi assiduously wafunda wesayensi ahlukahlukene futhi waba umsunguli izigaba eziningana: logic of mpendulo yesayensi, lolimi. Liphinde wayecabangisisa omkhulu isungule eziningana amaqiniso esibalulekile nokwakheka kwezilwane Waqale wadala ifilosofi yobuciko imfundiso yokuziphendukela izinkondlo. Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu futhi owaziwa Aristotle kubhekwe "Ezombusazwe", "Metaphysics", "Poetics", "Physics". NgesiGreki zefilosofi uhlelo uthisha abathintekayo ezicini ezihlukahlukene humanity jikelele ukuthonywa ukuthuthukiswa okwalandela yokucabanga ngokwesayensi.

Ngo geography, u-Aristotle aphakanyisiwe ubuqotho futhi ubukhulu kwezilwandle. Ngo biology, usosayensi echazwe mayelana anamakhulu mahlanu zezilwane kanye wasungula taxonomy etshalwe, owokuqala emlandweni wesayensi. Ngokufunda izilwane, wawahlukanisa amaqembu 2: nokuhlinza izilwane ngegazi (ngasekhanda wafaka indoda), ukuthi cishe kulingana khona umqondo: ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla ezinamehlo ezingenamgogodla. Isazi sefilosofi okukhulu, kubhekwa uyise ka-meteorology (okokuqala leli gama sashiwo indatshana ku izenzakalo eziphawulekayo zasezulwini).

Kuzo zonke imisebenzi Aristotle kuze kube manje ifinyeleleka kuphela ingxenye yesine yazo zonke imisebenzi. Ngokusho kweminye nekucabangela umtapo ocebile wesazi sefilosofi ngemva kokufa kwakhe wadlulela uTheophrastus nangenzalo yakhe, ngubani, ngokuba abantu abangafundile, wanqwabelanisa izincwadi emabhokisini uvaliwe engaphansi. Manzi nezibungu usuqede umsebenzi.