Big Twenty (G20): kwengoma. Big Twenty Amazwe

Big Twenty - inhlangano mayelana nokuthi iziphi izinhlelo eziningi wezwa. Sihlanganisa 20 iminotho ukhiye le planethi, emazweni ahlukahlukene. Lesi sihloko sizosisiza ukukhuluma ngomlando we-Association, imigomo yayo kanye nezinhloso, kanye nobudlelwane waseRussia namanye amalungu kulesi sithangami.

G20 Ka Ezemfundo ubhekwa 1999 th. Kusukela ngo-2008, le nhlangano ibamba imihlangano njalo amalungu ayo. Sinesithakazelo ngokukhethekile emazweni omhlaba okubangelwa penultimate - Brisbane Summit. Big Twenty kwathiwa bezama ukuzixazululela izinkinga eziningi ezinkulu.

G20: ekuqaleni

Big Twenty (noma esifushane - G20) yinhlangano wezizwe sewenziwa emhlabeni wonke. It is ohanjelwa elikhulu emnothweni kule planethi.

Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi kokuqala kwe-Big Twenty zazihlanganisa ukugwema 20 uthi futhi 33! Nokho, esikhathini esingangonyaka kamuva, ngo-1999, inani iforamu abahlanganyeli lancipha evamile amabili namuhla. ukuthi lizohlala ngakho eminyakeni ezayo - akekho owaziyo.

Ngohlobo Lomuntu Okufanele Ube umfutho ukuze kwakhiwe i-G20 kwaba bomnotho ka 1998, lapho ayehlanganisa yonke eMpumalanga Asia. Futhi ngemiphumela kule nhlekelele wazizwa cishe yonke le mbulunga. Nokho, uye wabasiza kanjani abadlali phambili emhlabeni ibalazwe yezombusazwe abone isidingo ukudala amandla global okungasenza singakujabuleli okwengeziwe efanayo zinhlekelele kwezomnotho. Futhi inhlangano enjalo yahlonywa - kwaba Big Twenty.

G20: i emigomweni

Njalo, liyanda komnotho kwamaplanethi - lawa postulates main kanye injongo eyinhloko enhlanganweni. Futhi kuba ukwanda esitebeleni okufanele kuthinte konke ngaphandle amazwe ngaphandle kwezwe.

Esikhathini nohlaka G20 amalungu ayo ukuthi uzama ukuthola izixazululo esanele lahlukene nezindaba nezokusigcoba:

• Kungaziphi izindlela engcono ekulinganiseni ukukhula komnotho womhlaba.
• Kanjani ukuthuthukisa sizinda zezimali kanye nomphakathi.
• Kanjani ukuqinisekisa ukulondeka kokudla bemave laphuyile.
• Ngingayithola kanjani ukuxazulula eziningi zendawo izingxabano lesifunda.
• Indlela "ukophula" le emvelweni emhlabeni wethu, njalo njalo. D.

Amaningi kakhulu namandla ukuchitha wezwe Big Twenty, futhi ukuthola izindlela zokuxazulula inkinga yenkohlakalo. Basuke zihilelekile sezulu eziningi isingeniso izinhlelo.

Yiqiniso, ngeke wenze umsebenzi G20 kanye ngaphandle ingxenye ukugxekwa. Ngokuvamile, inhlangano osolwa yokuntula obala imisebenzi, kanye namalungu iforamu bambalwa kakhulu abaye bazama ukuxazulula izinkinga ezinjalo ezibalulekile emhlabeni wonke.

Big Twenty: uhlu lamazwe

G20 iforamu international - kuyinto:

• 58% endaweni yomhlaba njengezakhamuzi ezizinikele;
• ngu-60% inani labantu emhlabeni;
• 85% azo zonke yohwebo emhlabeni.

Ngezansi zonke wezwe Big Twenty (okuyinto bangamalungu ukuhlobanisa usuku):

1. Canada.
2. US.
3. EMexico.
4. Brazil.
5. Argentina.
6. ENingizimu Afrika.
7. IGreat Britain.
8. France.
9. Italy.
10. Germany.
11. Russia.
12. Turkey.
13. Saudi Arabia.
14. China.
15. India.
16. Japan.
17. South Korea.
18. Indonesia.
19. Australia.

Kwasendaweni wonke amazwe engenhla, ungabona ebalazweni emhlabeni ngezansi. It lingahunyushwa baphetha ukuthi amalungu G20 abakhona on wonke amazwekazi emhlabeni ngaphandle Antarctica.

Kodwa ngubani alitholakali G20 hlu? amalungu amabili of iforamu ubhekwa European Union njengenhlangano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiqongo we Yawo evame ukuba khona futhi abameleli IMF, i-World futhi European Central Bank. Lona aphelele Big Samashumi Amabili.

Summit we Yawo

Ifomu eyinhloko msebenzi G20 esiqongweni. Big Twenty uya emihlanganweni enjalo ngonyaka. Minyaka yonke, ukhethe izwe aphethe entsha umhlangano olandelayo. Itholakala kanye likanobhala wenhlangano.

Kuleyo mihlangano eze njengoba umthetho, lo zemibuso (omongameli kanye ondunankulu), kanye izikhonzi ejensi ngabanye. Eyokuqala i-G20 Summit wawuba ngasekuqaleni 2008 enhloko-dolobha yase-US futhi yayibizwa ngokuthi anti-Inkinga. Kusobala ukuthi likhuluma ngezindlela aphume zezimali zomhlaba Inkinga 2007-2008 iminyaka.

Big Twenty kunesithembiso Iziqongo zawo cishe kanye ngonyaka (kuphela ngo-2009 nango-2010 kwakukhona amabili). Ngokuvamile, imihlangano iqhutshwa ekwindla Septhemba noma Novemba. Mhlawumbe ngabomvu umlando khona ngokuthi i-G20 Brisbane Summit 2014. On ke Kuzoxoxwa.

Musa ukucabanga ukuthi wonke umsebenzi Forum kuyehla kuphela inhlangano futhi ukubamba imihlangano yonyaka. Engqungqutheleni ezayo ukuxoxa nokuvumela nohlelo oluthile, ukuqaliswa okuyinto ke uyaqhubeka umsebenzi amaqembu ahlukahlukene kanye namasistimu okusebenza amayunithi.

G20 kanye Russian Federation

Umbuzo of ubudlelwano ohlelweni "Big Twenty - Russia" eminyakeni yamuva athakazelisa ngokukhethekile ukuba umphakathi wezwe lonke.

Njengoba yaziwa, ngo-2014, kwathiwa okwesikhashana ubulungu waseRussia eqenjini G8. Ngenxa yalokho we Big Eight uyekile akhona futhi ibuyele kunobukhulu balo basekuqaleni - iqembu G7.

Ngokushesha, amahemuhemu emhlabeni ukuthi bayahamba ukubekela eceleni Russia ezivela ku-Big Twenty. Ngalokhu ngaphezu kwakho konke-Australia ezithandwa, okuyinto ngayizolo Kwakudingeka sizinike isiqongo elilandelayo eBrisbane. UHulumeni usegxeke eRussia kokuzibandakanya ababeke umgibeli izindiza "Boeing MD-17" esibhakabhakeni phezu empumalanga ye-Ukraine.

Nokho, ngemva kwezingxoxo ezinde phakathi kubahlanganyeli iforamu, ithimba Russian wayesalokhu ababemenyelwe isiqongo emzini Australia Brisbane. Umyalezo oyinhloko lesi sinqumo ukuthi exclusion eRussia kusukela G20 okwengeziwe engaloli kakade nzima isimo geopolitical emhlabeni namuhla.

Big Twenty e-Australia (eBrisbane Summit)

Okubizwa ngokuthi G20 Australia isiqongo (ngo-2014) owaqhutshelwa e Brisbane - abayizigidi ezingu idolobha elisogwini oluseningizimu esisempumalanga yezwe. Izinhloko kahulumeni ngokwesiko emhlanganweni wonyaka iforamu, eyathatha izinsuku ezimbili: 15 no-16 Novemba.

Isihloko esiyinhloko ingxoxo kwaba empini empumalanga ye-Ukraine, eqale e-komnyaka efanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazwe wayegxila inkinga okuphakade zenkohlakalo. Engqungqutheleni, ngaphezu kwamakhanda abo 19 uthi, naye wayekhona, futhi Herman Van Rompuy - UMengameli we-European Council. Umhlangano e-Australia phezu ukwamukelwa nohlelo ngokuhlanganyela.

ezizathwini Eyisisekelo kanye imiphumela G20 isiqongo e Brisbane

Brisbane Summit 2014 zenzeka ngokumelene isizinda yokuqinisa jikelele ukuntengantenga geopolitical emhlabeni. Ngakho, phakathi izihloko ezisemqoka lomhlangano navuswa kanje:

• phambili impi yombango Syria kanye kumiswa LIH - entsha usongo amaphekula womhlaba wonke;
• esiyindilinga entsha kwengxabano ukungqubuzana Arab-Israeli;
• ubutha abakhuthele Donbas futhi kungenzeka ngezindlela yokulungisa ukungqubuzana;
• yokujama tsi we-German kanye nomnotho Italy, okuyinto ixhomeke ukuzinza wonke-European Union.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiqongo Brisbane kuyaxoxwa yenkinga yomhlaba wonke falling izintengo "igolide black", futhi futhi ibheka izindlela ukuze anqande ukusakazeka Ebola.

Ukuze lapho Imininingwane esafinyelelwa kubahlanganyeli isiqongo? Into esemqoka ukuthi kwanqunywa ukuba baphonse bonke khandlu G20 ngonyaka ozayo - kuyindaba of ukulondeka komhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Big Twenty izifunda yona umsebenzi womhlaba wonke: ukwandisa by 2% we-GDP yomhlaba wonke (kufika ku 2018). Kuze kube yimanje, "lamandla" babehlele ukwandisa ukuncintisana ezingeni lamazwe omhlaba kanye ukwandisa ukwabiwa kwezimali amaphrojekthi kwezomnotho.

G20 isiqongo e Antalya

Le ngqungquthela zokugcina Big Twenty aphethwe e Antalya, Turkey. Umhlangano yabaholi bomhlaba zenzeka ngaphansi kwesimo Paris kwamaphekula, okuyinto, akubuzwa ukuthi zafakwa ngokushesha nalahlwa. Kusobala ukuthi into eyinhloko esiqongweni kwaba Turkish lobuphekula bomhlaba wonke.

Jean-Klod Yunker ephakanyiswe kulomhlangano enye inkinga ebucayi - udaba zababaleki ababevela kuwo ahlomile ukungqubuzana esishintshashintshayo. Engqungqutheleni kwaphawulwa iqhaza elikhulu Turkey futhi Russia ekulweni amaphekula inhlangano LIH. Yehlelwa abahlanganyeli umhlangano kanye umbuzo lukaKhisimusi G20 ukukhula komnotho wephasi loke.

Njengoba yaziwa, esiqongweni elilandelayo Big Twenty kuhlelelwe ensimini ka China.

isiphetho

G20 iforamu ngamazwe yasungulwa ngo-1999 sibe munye ukuze athole izixazululo zezinkinga eziningi emhlabeni wonke ezakha kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla. Ekuqaleni lawo, lalingabantu abavamile izikhonzi ngabanye umhlangano. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, Big Twenty okuqalwe engqungqutheleni enkulu, okuyinto abamenyiwe inhloko yabangamashumi uthi ehamba phambili emhlabeni.

Kuze kube manje, indlela yokwakheka Big Twenty zihlanganisa amanye amazwe 19 futhi omunye inhlangano - European Union. I last G20 ngqungquthela yenzelwa e Antalya ngoNovemba 2015.