Bangaki izindawo eRussia? Zingaki izifunda of Russia?

I Russian Federation kunalokho kuyinkimbinkimbi zokuphatha-indawo isakhiwo. Lokhu kungenxa ezindaweni omkhulu futhi labantu multi-yobuhlanga, ezazihlanganisa, kunabantu 180. Lezi zihlanganisa kokubili yomdabu (autochthonous, aboMdabu, abomdabu) abantu, futhi izifiki bafika ezweni elisha nge izinguquko isimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kabusha indawo yezwe kangakanani, kuthonywa kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwamabubulo zezomnotho izindawo inombolo engamanga, ukutholakala imali entsha nezinye izinto eziningi.

Izimbangela division

Ukuze siphendule umbuzo izifunda eziningi kanjani eRussia, kudingeka ucabangele zonke isakhiwo sikahulumeni yezwe, kungani kungenele kuphela siqukethe ezindaweni, noma kungani zikhona ukwakheka kanye nezinye amayunithi indawo.

I expanses enkulukazi Russia Kusolwa nendima evelele sesigaba lesifunda. Ziningi izici nomthelela ekwakhekeni izinhlangano zokuphatha, indawo futhi kamasipala, ngokuyinhloko yobuhlanga, zezomnotho, zezombangazwe. Ngokuvamile division isakhi izwe nje isuke ibangelwa ngcono uhlelo lohulumeni basekhaya. Kukhona inarha ebumbeneko, umfelandawonye, ngesivumelwano (inyunyana ithi). Injongo elilungile isakhiwo yase-Russian Federation - ukudalwa izimo best for ukuthuthukiswa yimpumelelo kwezomnotho lezifunda ngabanye kanye nasezweni lonke.

izifundo Okuningi ngaphandle France

On umbuzo kangakanani eRussia, ungaphendula izifunda kanje: Russian Federation has ukubunjwa yayo 85 izifundo (6 izinhlobo), 46 ka kwazo babizwa ngokuthi izizinda, ngaphezu, kukhona 1 esifundeni ezizimele, 22-republic, 9 ezindaweni, 3 amadolobha yombuso kanye 4 izifunda ezizimele. Zonke lezi zindawo afakiwe ezifundeni federal 9. Manje bonke abadlali ngomqondo lomthetho azihlukile kakhulu komunye nomunye.

Izindawo eziningi

Kwakuthinta kuboniswe ngenhla, izifunda eziningi e-Russia. Bona 46. Bona babukhona nakwa-Soviet Union umbuso Russian. Ezinsukwini ubudala basuke ngokuvamile okukhulunywe ezweni esanda yayilokhu izidlela nje. Igama kwaba bemvelo lesikhashana ezindaweni ukhathazekile bekusolo amabutho ukuthi babe zalamaqembu.I indawo etholakala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni umngcele Empire.

Bangaki izindawo eRussia lezwakala phambi ngalezi zinguquko? Kumelwe sikhumbule ukuthi njengengxenye zezwe ke Finland nePoland. Ngaleso sikhathi, ngaphandle izifundazwe eRussia kwakukhona 22 ndawo. ESoviet Union kwakukhona 86 (kubandakanya wonke yezwe). On umbuzo izifunda eziningi kanjani eRussia, uma esinazo emqondweni, Soviet Russia, zingaphendulwa - sasingu-35.

lechubekako isakhiwo indawo

amayunithi Wendawo ngaso sonke isikhathi waba, waqeda sifundazwe, yaletha yokubusa, noHezekeli. inqubo isibe ukuthuthukiswa matasa ngokushesha ngemva 1917. Njengoba kabusha isakhiwo zokuphatha-sendawo isimo akuyona inqanyulwe. Kukhethwe okukhethwa best ezizoqinisa likahulumeni ukunikeza inkululeko ethé xaxa futhi uqinise wemfanelo iziphathimandla zendawo ukuze uqinise ubuqotho wezwe. Iningi echazwe amayunithi indawo etholakala engxenyeni European wezwe lakithi, kodwa esifundeni enkulu eRussia - Tyumen - elise eSiberia. amayunithi elikhulu indawo yohlobo - Arkhangelsk, e-Irkutsk, lase-Amur esifundeni.

izifunda ezizimele

Isifunda sokuqala ezizimele okokuqala uvele imingcele RSFSR ke eSoviet Union kwakukhona eziningana. Zingaki izifunda Russian ezizimele? Lowo namaJuda kuphela Autonomous Region nge-dolobha Birobidzhan kwakhiwa ngo-1934. Territory eningizimu-mpumalanga yezwe zanikezwa abantu abafudukayo, abangakaze yakhiwa labantu iningi esifundeni. Ngemva ngokufuduka samaJuda Israyeli abanalo amaphesenti angaphezu kweyodwa ukuzimela. Umbuzo we ukuqedwa kule ndawo futhi ukubusa ensimini yimiphi Amur esifundeni, noma eKhabarovsk Territory. Kodwa esele ingxenye encane labantu ngenkuthalo waphikisana nesinqumo. Umbuzo sicutshungulwa, okubonisa ukuthi inqubo kabusha indawo yezwe uya.

Uhlu izifunda eRussia kungenziwa emelelwa isifundazwe sikahulumeni, okuyinto kuleli zwe ngemva nokudliwa eCrimea kwaba 9. Bona kwamiswa ngo-2000 futhi akuzona izikhonzi lo mfelandawonye. Bafana izifunda wezempi.

Isifunda kanye wesifunda

Esikhathini Central District of the Russian Federation siqukethe izifunda 16. Northwest sigaba sinesikhundla ubulungu 7 izifunda yalolu hlobo. Zonke izindawo ezintathu we-46 basonta ubunye eNingizimu. Esikhathini North eCaucasus and esanda wanezela YaseCrimea Federal District akufakiwe nhlobo endaweni.

Privolzhskoye iyunithi has izifunda 8. Ural Yegatsha basonta 4 amayunithi kwesakhiwo zalolu hlobo. Ukuze laseSiberia Federal District kukhona 5 izindawo. Sakhalin, Magadan kanye lase-Amur - kuzo zonke izindawo ezintathu kukhona phezu indawo enkulu Ekude Eastern Federal District. Kodwa kuba amayunithi mikhulu zokuphatha.

Area, kanye emaphethelweni ayikwazi kufakwe kwezinye izifunda, ngaphezu, banayo izimiso zabo. Edge ngaphambili ohloselwe isikhala esikhulu, kodwa manje ezinye izindawo ezinkulu, ezifana Chelyabinsk, eLeningrad, idlule yobukhulu bawo. Okuwukuphela umehluko okukhulu - ziphakame izimfanelo. Republic iyahluka kwenye zombili ukuthi unakho sisekelo wayo siqu, ulimi, eziningi imithetho yendawo futhi amalungelo.

Leli gama ukutolika eziningana - kuba yindawo lapho kukhona noma ezivamile into. Ngokwesibonelo, ubuhlungu enhliziyweni, noma endaweni eyiqhwa, noma ukunyuka komfutho wegazi. Le ndawo ibizwa ngokuthi iyunithi zokuphatha-sendawo isimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kube ezinye isikhala, ingxenye yezwe, isibonelo, endaweni esempumalanga Urals.