Axillary ezinzwa umuntu: isakhiwo, umsebenzi kanye kungenzeka wayethole isifo esithile

ezinzwa Axillary nemisebe yizici isiqu ezingemuva plexus brachial. Ngaphansi ngokuhlanganyela ehlombe ubabonisa ezinzwa ukupha legatsha okuyinto innervates imisipha encane isiyingi ukujikisa izingalo phandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho ezinzwa axillary sihamba ngemuva humerus lateral phambi sokuhlukanisa ku phambi futhi igatsha ezingemuva usinika ingxenye imisipha deltoid. Ukuze amagatsha ezingemuva uyalandisa ezinzwa cutaneous, okuyinto innervates ebusweni lateral kwesikhumba phezu imisipha deltoid. Ake sihlole kabanzi emsipheni axillary. umkhathi esiyingqayizivele.

ukulimala kwenzwa

Ngokuvamile, ukulimala emsipheni axillary kwenzeka humerus Waphuka noma dislocation ehlombe. Kwezinye izimo abathintekayo ngesikhathi idiopathic plexopathy plexus brachial kuphela axillary emsipheni. Yini esongela ukulimala emsipheni axillary? Ake sihlole kulesi sihloko.

The main ukubonakaliswa emitholampilo ye axillary emsipheni kokucindezelwa - kuphula umthetho we-ehlombe ukuthunjwa ngenxa yobuthakathaka imisipha deltoid. Taps isandla iqala imisipha Supraspinous, kodwa ngenxa isiguli ingagcina zinekhono elilinganiselwe ukuthatha uhlangothi. Futhi nakuba kungase kungabi teres ababuthakathaka imisipha ezincane, akusiyo njalo kubonakala luhlolo emitholampilo ngenxa ukusebenza evamile imisipha podkostnoy.

Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla kungaqinisekiswa kuphela ngokuveza nobuthakathaka imisipha deltoid futhi ukuqothuka kwezinwele okungavamile EMG izinkomba ezihlobana imisipha encane round futhi deltoid. SPNV ezinzwa axillary ebusweni amarekhodi ukuqaliswa kwemisipha (deltoid) ukhonza ukuhlonza ukubambezeleka okunamandla noma encishisiwe amplitude MTD axillary emsipheni.

Peripheral of emkhawulweni engenhla - ngempela isifo kaningi isazi sezinzwa. kungenzeka lilimele njengoba ezinzwa axillary kanye nezinzwa ezimbalwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngakho-ke kuzohluka futhi isithombe emitholampilo ye isifo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimbangela zesifo, isiguli eseqala ukuzwa ubuhlungu, ukuba ndikindiki ukungakhululeki kanye nezinye izimpawu sici.

izizathu

Ngokuvamile, iziguli zibhekene peripheral yezingalo nemilenze engenhla, baba nomuzwa wokuthi izinkinga zabo zihlobene nokungalali ukukhathala, okuyinto ingabuyiswa i ukuphumula ezifanele. Ziningi izizathu kungabangela izandla polyneuropathy. Okuvame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Neoplastic Izifo - lapho isimila akukhona ngempela etholakala endaweni ehlombe ikhwapha. Kwasendaweni kungaba noma ikuphi.
• Operations ukuthi zidluliselwe ngaphambili (esizeni nokuhlinzwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi igazi iyeke aluka evamile, futhi lokhu, sekusilethela kwemisipha yoma futhi edema ekwakhekeni, kuhlanganise kokucindezelwa we izinyanda emsipheni, okuholela peripheral).
• Long ukusetshenziswa imithi nge okuqukethwe chloroquine futhi phenytoin - lezi izinto isinyathelo omubi izinzwa.
• Sivame ukulimala nasemilenzeni kanye nokuthuthukiswa okwalandela edema, nerve ingcosana - ngenxa yalokho, kukhona peripheral.
• Ezahlukene Borne izifo, njengesifo sofuba, umkhuhlane, idiphtheria, i-HIV, i-herpes, umalaleveva nezinye.
• Avamile hypothermia - umzimba lokushisa ukunciphisa kuyalimaza kakhulu nehlala njalo khona kulesi sifundazwe.
• Ukuntuleka kokukhulumisana amaqembu athile amavithamini emzimbeni, ngokuvamile Vitamin B.
• Ngemisebe - kuthinta umzimba omubi.
• Ukudakwa.
• umsebenzi ngokweqile kanye nemisipha eqinile.
• Endocrine iziyaluyalu, isifo sikashukela kanye.

Kanjani ukuthi kuziveza ezilimele ezinzwa axillary?

izimpawu

I symptomatology zingahlukaniswa zibe eyinhloko nomngane. Lapho okubonakalisa izimpawu eziyinhloko, umuntu ezwe ubuhlungu esivuthayo, libe elezinzinga-zingwadule kuye usuku lonke, kanye ukungabi namizwa neminwe, izandla kanye esihlakaleni iyonke. Lapho izimpawu concomitant livela:

• nobunzima lokuhambisa izingalo;
• ukuvuvukala;
• incoordination;
• okungalindelekile imisipha Kufinyeta, Ukudlikizela, amajaqamba;
• wehlise lokushisa lokutfutfukako;
• esibuhlungu kabi.

Ezilimele axillary ezinzwa: Ihlahlubo

Ukuze ukhethe indlela efanele ukwelashwa, kubalulekile ukuqhuba luhlolo egcwele isiguli, ukwenza ukuhlolwa, ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ukuhlola ingqondo namandla kwemisipha. Lapho senza izindlela wezinsimbi ukuxilongwa zihlanganisa: i-magnetic resonance tomography, electroneuromyography.

Lezi zindlela kungathola ukulimala kwenzwa imbangela kanye nobungako conduction kwezinso. Uma kudingekile, uchwepheshe ingase ibhekisele isiguli ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa eyengeziwe wokuthi yadalwa nezinye egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Kwaba ngemva imiphumela kungenziwa sitholakale. kakhulu ulwazi nesimo sendawo of emsipheni axillary.

peripheral

Peripheral axillary ezinzwa ephelezelwa kwezithibelo (ukungakwazi) ehlombe ukuthunjwa, ukunyakaza kwakhe emuva naphambili, esthesioneurosis ndawo, yoma imisipha deltoid. Kokucindezela quadrilateral Ukuvuleka - Umhubhe syndrome axillary ezinzwa (triceps, imisipha ezinkulu nezincane round, humerus). Ubuhlungu itholakala endaweni ehlombe okuthuthukiswa Ukujikeleza nesiphanga ukuthunjwa. Ukwehlukanisa kufanele uchithe kusukela discogenic sciatica wesibeletho periarthrosis glenohumeral.

neuritis

Neuritis - Izifo neuropathy nerve (ebusweni, intercostal, occipital, esitho izinzwa) nokuba imvelo ukuvuvukala nokubonisa eduze ubuhlungu kwenzwa buthakathaka kwezicubu innervated ukuzwela ensimini sifo. Lapho kunqotshwa isifo emsipheni eziningana okuthiwa polyneuritis. I Iwumbono emsipheni axillary linendima ebalulekile lapha.

ezinzwa umsebenzi, innervation endaweni bese anqume izinga lomonakalo nesithombe basemtholampilo neuritis. Ezimweni eziningi, izinzwa neuropathy akhiwe izinhlobo ezahlukene of yezinzwa: autonomic, sezinzwa, motor. Ngoba noma yisiphi uhlobo neuritis libhekene izimpawu kubangelwa kokunqotshwa ngamunye kwezintambo zesivikelo sesifuba:

• trophic neziyaluyalu vegetative kubangele ukubukeka izilonda emithambo yegazi, edema, izinzipho ziyaqothuka, isikhumba cyanosis, ukoma futhi thinning kwesikhumba, depigmentation futhi izinwele wendawo ukulahlekelwa, ngijuluka nokunye;
• ukuzwela iziyaluyalu okubangela ukulahleka noma ukuncishiswa ukuzwela innervation zone, paresthesias (ukushoshozela ukuzwa, ukushoshozela), ukuba ndikindiki;
• kahle motor umsebenzi kubangela ukwehla noma ukulahleka ikhaliphe umsipha, paresis (ngokwengxenye) noma ukukhubazeka (okuphelele) ukuncipha kwamandla innervated imisipha yoma.

Izimpawu zokuqala

Ngokuyinhloko, izimpawu zokuqala emsipheni kokulimala ndikindiki nobuhlungu. Isithombe basemtholampilo ezinye izinhlobo neuritis sekubonakala izimpawu ezithile ezihlobene endaweni ukuthi axillary emsipheni izimpahla.

Neuritis we emsipheni axillary sivezwe kula ukungakwazi ukukhulisa ngengalo ohlangothini, okwandisa ukuhamba joint ehlombe, kwehle nozwela yesithathu engenhla ehlombe, yoma imisipha deltoid.

Gqwa ezinzwa axillary kuthintwa nge brachial plexus ukulimala noma dislocation ikhanda humeral. Lokhu kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwezandla ezingeni ovundlile.

On isiqeshana elincane isikhumba posteroexternal ebusweni engenhla ehlombe siyabhubha ukuzwela. Kwezinye izimo kukhona ukulimala lateral ezinzwa cutaneous we ibhodi lemisindo kanye semfene kulesi luvelo ihlelwe ngokulandelana kwezihloko-emuva, ohlangothini osabalalayo we ibhodi lemisindo. Zonke izinzwa yesifunda axillary.

Ukuze ngokushesha imizwa ethintekile wemikhawulo engenhla, ikakhulukazi ulnar lesemkhatsini kanye osabalalayo, kuyoba okwanele ukuze uhlole nesiguli ngokunyakaza ejwayelekile neminwe, izandla nezinyawo ibhodi lemisindo. Kodwa ukuqala ukwenza ukuthi awekho izithiyo ukuhamba imvelo mechanical ngenxa ukuthuthukiswa contractures noma ankylosis. Lapho lesi siguli uzolifeza ukunyakaza kudingekile, onguchwepheshe kuyodingeka aqinisekise ukuphepha kwezingane ezihlukunyeziwe amandla futhi umthamo yalezi ukunyakaza.

amaqembu kwemisipha

Iqembu elilandelayo imisipha likhona innervation motor we axillary (underarm) ezinzwa:

I deltoid C5-C6:

• Phakathi zokunciphisa ngemuva ingalo ephakanyiswe ukudansela isiginci sakhe emuva.
• Phakathi wokwehla ingxenye maphakathi ehlombe enikezwa indiza ovundlile.
• Phakathi wokwehla phambi esitho ephakanyiswe wadonsa phambili.

Teres ezincane imisipha C4-C5, ukuthuthukisa kwangaphandle ukujikeleza ehlombe.

ukuhlolwa

Ukuze sithole amandla imisipha deltoid, kungaba kwenziwe isivivinyo esilandelayo: isiguli uhleli noma ukuma ophakamisile ezingeni ovundlile, futhi lo dokotela ngesikhathi umelana Umsunguli wale nhlangano, palpating ukusikwa kwemisipha.

Lapho kunqotshwa emsipheni axillary, okulandelayo kwenzeka:

• Disturbed ukuzwela ehlombe ebusweni (verhnenaruzhnogo).
• Axillary nerve ukukhubazeka, yoma imisipha deltoid.

Uphawu dovetail wukuthi isandiso izandla nesineke engaphansi kakhulu ukwedlula enempilo. Futhi uma ubheka uhlangothi lesiguli, kubonakala sengathi dovetail yokuhlukanisa futhi izikhala isandiso ehlombe.