Apatity. Minerals. Incazelo, izakhiwo, amasimu, amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Apatity - namaminerali phosphate nemvelo, ezivame kakhulu kuleli zwe eqenjini labo. Basuke kabanzi lisetshenziswe ukukhiqizwa kukamanyolo amaminerali, futhi kwaphela isikhathi esithile ngenkuthalo lisetshenziswe ukudalwa ubucwebe. amaminerali faceted Uthola ukubukeka yizicukuthwane kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile lidlule njengolunye ligugu itshe lulwimi eziyigugu, isibonelo, ithophazi. Hhayi lutho amaGreki ngokuthi apatite «ἀπατάω», okuyinto elihunyushwe esuka Latin kusho "ukukopela."

Chemical ukwakheka

amaminerali eziningana iziqu ekilasini phosphate abizwa ngokuthi apatite. Compound ka Formula ukwakha amaminerali - Ca ₁₀ (PO _{4) 6} (OH, Cl, F) _2. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke kukhona of ezintathu izinhlobo: hydroxo, chlorine ne fluorapatite. Kuye lokhu ifomula sizohluka esichazwe ngenhla. Okuqukethwe calcium oxide (CAO) ne phosphorus imayelana 53-56% no-41% ngokulandelana. Okusele ebangela abalutshwana fluoro, chloro, ngezinye izikhathi carbonate, futhi ukungcola ahlukahlukene.

Ngesimo okumsulwa apatite ayinakho umbala. ezihlukile yezimbiwa okhanyayo lidlulisele amanyela. Ngokwesibonelo, manganese e inhlanganisela ezahlukene imibala amakristalu in ezibomvana, ezinsomi, umbala ogqamile ephuzi, neodymium nensimbi - futhi udlulisele Smoky ithoni ophuzi.

izakhiwo

Glass ayebuthaka, ukwa okungajwayelekile, ukuthungwa oily ku chips, fragility - ezingaphathelana has apatite. Class amaminerali ku le Mohs esikalini kuyinto 5. Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu umatasa, kodwa akwanele eliphezulu ubucwebe. ingilazi Kuyinto kwakubucayi kungenziwa emibi noma abukhali ummese onqenqemeni. Isisindo ezithile 3.2 g / cm ^3. Kuvela ngokwemvelo ngesimo zinhlayiya kwakhiwa ngokuvamile prismatic, tabular noma inaliti-kancane njalo it has a Ukufiphaza mpo at emaphethelweni. Ngokuvamile it yakha obukhulu okusanhlamvu-crystalline lokubolekwa concretions, volumetric okuqinile mass zobumba.

Apatite: umsuka amaminerali

Minerals kusukela iqembu apatites kukhona isesekeli ukuthi likhona Ukwakheka e esincane rocks (ngaphansi kuka-1%). Ngakho-ke, i-main, abazi kuthinte ngezigaba. Crystallization kuba cishe zonke amatshe igneous, ikakhulukazi ane-alikhali futhi ene-asidi. Apatites - isici ingxenye lamprophyres futhi Carbonatites. Ziyakwazi ukumelana yezimo supergene. Apatites kukhona ezivamile clastic sedimentary amatshe namaminerali placers.

Sikwazi ukukhula zinhlayiya yobukhulu omkhulu. Zezinhlobo ngobukhulu atholakele eQuebec (Canada), elinye lawo kuhlaziywe 5443 kg futhi kwaba ngobukhulu 2.13 ukuze 1.22 m. I amaminerali ingenye izimpawu wezwe kazwelonke.

idiphozi

Apatity - namaminerali ezifakwa ngalo ngezinga ezimbonini - into kunalokho ezingavamile. Idiphozi ngobukhulu itholakala eNhlonhlweni Kola futhi ubizwa ngokuthi "Khibiny". Kule ndawo kukhiqizwa apatite netshe, okuyinto ngokuyinhloko sasekhaya apatite futhi nepheline. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona inkambu e Yakutia (Seligdarskoye), Buryatia (Beloziminskoe, Oshurkovskoe), Urals (Ilmen Mountains), iBaikal esifundeni.

Apatites idwala sedimentary (phosphate idwala) akha phezu 90% wezindleko emhlabeni izinqolobane kwe-phosphate imikhando. ezifakwa zabo ziyisiliva eNyakatho Afrika: Algeria, Egypt Tunisia, Western Sahara, Morocco.

Zinhlayiya efanelekayo zokukhiqiza imigexo limbiwa Finland, India, Germany, Norway, Czech Republic, e-USA, Myanmar ne-Brazil. I last amazwe amabili baziwa ezihlukahlukene enhle iso ikati amaminerali sika.

Apatite ubucwebe

Apatite - izakhiwo amaminerali kanye ukubukeka okuyinto avumele ukusetshenziswa embonini ubucwebe. It libhekene brittleness kanye ubulukhuni ongaphakeme, ngakho-ke akuwona njengoba onensika njengamatshe lulwimi eziyigugu, futhi ngalo lufuna ukuba sibe nesimo sengqondo ngokucophelela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaminerali nozwelo okushisa kwelanga okusezingeni eliphezulu (bungaba buthaka, fade).

Ngokugabisa imigexo usebenzisa apatite esobala, ngokuvamile ophuzi noma okwesibhakabhaka. ukudlula namaminerali Pure ngenqubo ahlabayo. Akazange ngokuphelele itshe cabochon ababhekana nakho. Lokhu indlela ethile cut, lapho-ke eqala ukuma ayizindunduma nge surface bushelelezi ophucuziwe.

Ukuhlobisa nge apatite ziziphilela imikhiqizo ekhangayo futhi yasekuqaleni ubuhle ixhomeke izinga yokwelashwa. Iziqhano zokuhloba, imigexo, amasongo, namacici nezindandatho, namacici, namasongo, nokunye babevame ngokuhlanganyela nezinye amatshe, usebenzisa lezi zinsimbi eziyigugu. Nokho, umuntu kufanele qaphela elinegazi ngokukhululekile. UBeryl, tourmaline, itopazi, njll -. Kungenxa ngezinye izikhathi nabo ukunikeza ezinhle faceted esobala amaminerali apatite.

Intengo yomkhiqizo

Izindleko isikhumbuzo adornments apatite kuxhomeke ezicini eziningana: ikhwalithi itshe, ukucutshungulwa yayo indlela, usike, ukusekela izinto. Ngokwesibonelo, ubuhlalu njengoba kule sithombe, ubude 40 cm kukhona ngaphakathi ruble 1000-1500. Stone akuyona esobala, Imi kakhulu elula, walondoloza ubuhle bemvelo, kanye heterogeneity eminye imibala amaminerali.

Nokho, ezinye apatite abasakwazi eqolo. Ngo Ontario (Canada) misela gem-izinga amaminerali oluhlaza (ngezinye izikhathi nge touch of blue noma umnqumo) umbala. Bayidayise ngaphansi kwegama ukuhweba owaziwa "Trillium". Stone enesisindo 10 carats emva ukusika ubukhulu balinganiselwa ku ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane zamadola.

I izakhiwo imilingo apatite

Ababhula Ngezinkanyezi nengokomoya bathambekele attribute ezinye izakhiwo imilingo namaminerali ahlukahlukene. Apatite siyitshe yokuthula. Wabhekisa isixhazululo sezindawo eziyingqayizivele sinjalo zombuso ngokwengqondo nangokomzwelo lomuntu, beletha ithoni isimiso sezinzwa. Kule ndaba, nabathwebulayo ukuncoma egqoke izimpawu akhe anjengamalangabi omlilo zezinkanyezi, uhlamvu ezahlukene enobudlova futhi hot: Lions, Aries futhi Sagittarius. Kodwa kakade sokwehlisa Pisces, Aquarius futhi umdlavuza it is hhayi Kunconywa. Apatite ngibenze yokwenziwa, ucobekile futhi ibuthakathaka.

Sebenzisa kwezolimo

Sekuyisikhathi eside kwaziwa ukuthi apatite - wenzalo namaminerali, ngakho endaweni eyinhloko hlelo lokusebenza ezolimo. Phosphorus - ingenye yezingxenye esemqoka zamakhemikhali, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla. Njengoba wazi, lesi sici kubalulekile, hhayi nje ngobe abantu kodwa futhi ukuze izitshalo. Phosphorus kuyinto amabhlogo wokwakha eziphilayo ke ehilelekile izinqubo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo.

Apatity - amaminerali, kuyinto indaba kokuqala ukwenziwa amaminerali yemvelo phosphate fertilizer. Izinto zokusetshenziswa asetshenziselwe le nhloso isikhathi eside. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, bakha futhi usebenza ezihlukahlukene izitshalo ukubhekisiswa namaminerali. Olunye lwezinhlelo zethu ezinkulu - kuyinto Hibinsky sihlanganise "Apatite", umkhankaso ukusebenza ngo-1929 ngesisekelo ensimini uwoyela esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.