Amazwibela "Matryona", indaba uSolzhenitsyn

Ngisho isifinyezo sezinto indaba "Matryona", ebhalwe ngu-Alexander ngaleyo uSolzhenitsyn ngo-1963, uyakwazi ukunikeza umfundi umqondo wokuphila wezinzalamizi we asemaqaqasini yasemakhaya Russian.

Isifingqo "Matryona" (Isingeniso)

Endleleni kusuka eMoscow, 184 km Murom negatsha Kazan ngemva ngisho izinyanga eziyisithupha zezenzakalo ezichazwe isitimela nakanjani kubambezela. Ngenxa yezizathu eyaziwa kuphela yemlandzi futhi machinists.

Isifingqo "Matryona" (Ingxenye 1)

Umlandzi, ebuya Asia ngo-1956, ngemva kokunyamalala isikhathi eside (ukulwa, kodwa akazange asheshe bebuya empini, wathola iminyaka engu-10 emakamu), athola khona umsebenzi endaweni izibalo uthisha esikoleni edolobhaneni asemaqaqasini Russian. Engafuni ukuphila elokishini emabhalekisini "torfoprodukty" ayekufuna engela kuya epulazini. Edolobhaneni Talnovo eyisakhamuzi kwaholela Matrona Vasilyevna Grigoryeva, owesifazane eyodwa iminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha.

Matrona khona eqhugwaneni ubudala futhi ubuthongo eyakhelwe umkhaya omkhulu. I yavula ikamelo layo elikhulu Kwakumnyama, iwindi in amabhodwe thini buthule "Kugcwele" ficus - izintandokazi uwayehlalise. Indlu basahlala ikati izinyonga, igundane, futhi Ikhishi amancane - amaphela.

Marya Vasilievna uyagula, kodwa akazange anike ukukhubazeka, kanye izimpesheni ayitholakalanga ke, hhayi okuthinta isigaba sabasebenzi. Leli pulazi elingu-wasebenza ngomshikashika wabo, okungukuthi, kwakungekho imali.

Matrona yondliwa uqobo ngabondla Ignaticha - isivakashi-othisha - kabi: amazambane amancane iphalishi of okusanhlamvu nengabizi. Okokhelekayo bakule ndawo baphoqeleka ukweba kusukela ithemba, ngoba lapho kungase umhlaba. Okungenani kule ndawo futhi Peat yafakwa amabhomu agqitshwayo, kodwa bendawo kungafanele ukuthengisa.

The Hard Life of Matrona lalinabashumayeli izinto ezahlukene: lokuqoqa Peat futhi yomile iziphunzi futhi cranberry bogs, zigijima emahhovisi izitifiketi ngoba impesheni, izimayini ngasese hay izimbuzi, kanye nezihlobo nomakhelwane. Kodwa lokhu ebusika lilungisiwe ukuphila kancane - ake isifo waqala ukukhokha kuye ngoba lodger wakhe futhi impesheni amancane. Wajabula ngokuthi ngakwazi oda amabhuzu ezintsha, elingenamikhono ukushintsha i ujantshi greatcoat ubudala futhi uthenge ibhantshi elisha.

Isifingqo "Matryona" (Ingxenye 2)

Ngelinye ilanga uthisha ebanjwe endlini emnyama enentshebe ixhegu - Faddeya Grigoreva elafika ukubuza indodana yakhe-Abanqotshiwe. Kwavela ukuthi Faddeya Matrena kwaba ukuba ngishade, kodwa wayiswa empini, futhi iminyaka emithathu kwakungekho izindaba ezivela kuye. Ukuze woo Yefim wakhe, umfowabo omncane (ngemva kokufa kukanina ezandleni umndeni azange abe), waya kwakufanela ashade naye endlini eyakhelwe nguyise, izwe ahlala kulo kuze kube yilolu suku yena.

Thaddeus ekuthunjweni, hhayi zangena kuma kwabo kuphela ngoba umfowabo yadabuka. Washada yi Matrona esifanayo, usike eqhugwaneni entsha, lapho manje usephila nomkakhe nezingane eziyisithupha. Lokho abanye Matrona, ngokuvamile ngemva kushaywa yakhetha akhononde ukuhaha nokuthanda unya yomyeni wakhe.

Ngo Matrona Vasilevny Nezingane zabo azizange izinsana eziyisithupha angcwaba ngaphambi kokuqala kwempi. Yefim wayiswa mpi, futhi wavuma bebungekho.

Khona-ke ngabuza Matrona at namesake yayo ingane lapho ikhuliswa. Wakhulela nekhaya, Kira intombazane owashada off ngempumelelo - umshayeli abasha endaweni engumakhelwana, lapho ngezinye izikhathi ukuthi bethumele usizo. ngiyaqaqanjelwa Ngokuvamile, owesifazane wanquma beshiyela ingxenye eqhugwaneni Kira, nakuba lwabalwa ezintathu Matrenin udade.

Cyrus bacela ukuba ifa lakhe, ukuze ekugcineni indlu. Thaddeus ixhegu yafuna ukunikeza indlu ngempilo Matrona, nakuba kwakukuhle kakhulu ukuphula indlu lapho wahlala iminyaka engamashumi amane.

Wabahlanganisela izihlobo ukuqaqa ekamelweni, bese aphinde ukuqoqa, eqhugwaneni nguye umfana ngombhangqwana noyise eyakhelwe yena kanye Matrona kuqala. Nakuba ongqongqozayo ngembazo amadoda, abesifazane okulungiselelwe vodka nokudla.

Lapho ethutha eqhugwaneni at inezimpabano ujantshi wanamathela isihlibhi ngamapulangwe. Ngaphansi amasondo a esitimela umusi Kushone abantu abathathu, okubalwa Matrona.

Isifingqo "Matryona" (Ingxenye 3)

Ngezinye emzaneni Umngcwabo umngcwabo yayihluke kakhulu njenge-sokulungisa akhawunti. UDade Matryona, ekhalela phezu lomngcwabo, bangena enkingeni imicabango yakhe - bavikela ilungelo ifa lakhe, futhi eyisihlobo somyeni wakhe ongasekho wamphikisa. Thaddeus ezinganeliseki hook kwengobe udonse namanje izingodo eyanikelwa wamakhaza ukuze egcekeni lakwakhe: ukulahlekelwa ezinhle kwaba okuyihlazo nebangela amahloni.

Listening Izibuyekezo abantu bendawo ka Matrona, uthisha wabona kutsi akazange ezihambisana kokujwayelekile ongumlimi imibono mayelana nenjabulo: engabambeleli yengulube, akazange afune uthole izingubo ezinhle nokufihla ngaphansi kukhanye yayo yonke imikhuba emibi nokuphila kungamboza ububi komphefumulo. Usizi kusukela kwashona umyeni nezingane akazange akwenze kube okubi futhi nabangenaluthando yena namanje ukuba konke mahhala bese kwamanje ujabulela zonke izinto ezinhle ezenzeka ekuphileni kwakhe. Futhi usezuze izitshalo ingqikithi iraba, ikati nomhlophe eliwumkhehlekhehle ezingcolile imbuzi. Bonke labo ababehlala khona, akazange ukuthi wenzani futhi the ngakhethi obuqotho, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke zime iyiphi emzaneni noma idolobha, noma ezweni lethu.

Endabeni yakhe uSolzhenitsyn ( "Matryona") akubandakanyi isifinyezo sezinto isiqephu, ubhala ukuthi okuningi kwalokhu Matrona babekholelwa inkanuko Cishe kwaba angabeZizwe. Kodwa kwathi ngokuthi ukuphila kwakhe neze kuphambuka imithetho yokuziphatha kobuKristu futhi izimiso zokuhle.