Amavithamini weqembu B: i-vitamin B1 nezinye

Amavithamini yizinto eziphilayo ezinomsebenzi ophezulu wezinto eziphilayo, ngisho noma okuqukethwe kwabo emzimbeni kungenasidingo. Zithinta imisebenzi ebalulekile yomzimba womuntu njenge-immunity, ibhalansi ye-hormonal, umbono, njll. Amavithamini awakwazi ukuhlanganiswa emzimbeni womuntu. Indima yamavithamini ukuhlinzeka ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuthinta umzimba. Inani lamavithamini okwamanje awaziwayo, okubaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni yonke imisebenzi yomzimba kanye nemetabolism, ifinyelela ezingamashumi amabili.

Igama elithi "vithamini" (vita - life, lat.) Kwasungulwa ngo-1912 yi-biochemist wasePolish ogama lakhe linguFunk Kazimierz. Wayehlukanisa i-thiamine, noma i-vitamin B1, evela elayisi. Ukuhlukanisa amavithamini ayenamathele emanzini - i-vitamin B1 ne-B6, wonke amavithamini eqenjini B, i-vitamin PP, i-ascorbic acid, nama-vitamin A, E, D, K kanye ne-prostaglandins. Ngokuqukethwe okweqile emzimbeni wamavithamini anamafutha amaningi, baba yi-toxic, nge-amavithamini amaningi anesisindo samanzi athululwa emzimbeni ngomchamo.

Ziyini amavithamini B , zingaki zazo futhi zenzani? Leli qembu linamavithamini angu-8: i-thiamin (i-vitamin B1), i-riboflavin (i-vitamin B2), i-nicotinic acid (B3), i-pantothenic acid (B5), i-pyridoxine (B6), i-cobalamin (B12), i- folic acid ne-biotin.

I-Vitamin B1 idlala indima ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwamathambo nama-carbohydrates, kusiza ukugcina ukusebenza okuvamile kwenhliziyo, kuyadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngokugcwele nokukhula komzimba, izinhlelo zokugaya ukudla kanye nezinzwa, ezingenayo izinto ezinobuthi. Iningi labantu lithola i-vitamin B1 kanye nokudla kwezitshalo ezifana nobhontshisi, i-peas, isipinashi, imvubelo, isobho, isinkwa sikakolweni. I-Vitamin B1 itholakala esibindi, izinso, inyama yenkomo nenyama yengulube, ngaphezu kwalokho i-thiamine ihlanganiswa ngamabhaktheriya athile we-microflora yamathumbu amakhulu.

I-Riboflavin, noma i-vitamin B2, kuyadingeka ukulawula ukwehlukana kwamafutha namaprotheni, okwenza kube yi-coenzyme, kuyadingeka impilo yezinzwa nezesikhumba, futhi ihileleke ekuphenduleni kwe-oxygen. Izimpawu zokuntuleka: ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezithambile eduze komlomo nomphuzi, i-seborrheic dermatitis, ukungakhululeki ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo, ukuvuvukala kolimi. I-Vitamin B2 itholakala ebisi, okusanhlamvu, inyama, ushizi, amaqanda nama-peas.

I-Nicotinic acid (B3) iyadingeka emzimbeni womuntu nge-metabolism, isikhumba, isimiso sezinzwa kanye nempilo yomathunjini. Ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin B3 kubangelwa i-pellagra, isifo esidlulele kubantu abahluphekile. Izimpawu zokuntuleka: i-dermatitis, isifo sohudo kanye nesifo sengqondo somqondo (ngokuvamile kuvame ukulimala). U-Pellagra uphinde uthinte isikhala somlomo. Iqukethe i-nicotinic e-inyama, inhlanzi, imvubelo, ubisi, amaqanda, ama-legumes, amazambane kanye namanqamu.

I-Pyridoxine noma i-vitamin B6 ithatha ingxenye yokushintshaniswa kwamaprotheni namafutha, kanye nokubola kwe-carbohydrate. Ukuntuleka kwevithamini B6 kungavamile kakhulu. Itholakala ngobuningi ekudleni okuningi: isibindi, inyama, inhlanzi, irayisi ensundu, ibhotela, okusanhlamvu, ukolweni kakolweni, ubhontshisi, njll.

I-Cyanocobalamin (i-vitamin B12) yenza njenge-cozy enzyme ekuqaliseni i-DNA, kuyadingeka ekusebenzeni kwesimiso sezinzwa, ukugcoba kwamafutha nama-carbohydrate. Ngokuvamile ukungabi nalutho kwaleli vhamini kuvela kubantu abadla imifino abangatholi ngokwanele emikhiqizo yezitshalo, ngakho-ke baboniswa i-vitamin B12 ema-ampoules.

I-folic acid iyadingeka ekwenzeni i-DNA ne-RNA synthesis, ukuvuthwa kwe-erythrocyte, iqhaza ekwakheni i-hemoglobin kanye nokuwohloka kwamaprotheni, kuyadingeka kuzo zonke izimpendulo ze-biochemical emzimbeni. Ukuntuleka kwawo kunciphisa ukukhula, kubangela ukuphazamiseka kwegazi. Ama-folic acid atholakala cishe kuwo wonke imikhiqizo yezitshalo.

I-Pantothenic acid (i-vitamin B5) ne-biotin ibandakanyeka ekusetshenzisweni kwe-lipids, amafutha, ama-carbohydrate nezinye amino acid, ezikhiqizwa amabhaktheriya emathunjini, aqukethe inyama, okusanhlamvu kanye nemifino.