Amanzi Metal ahlabayo (amanzi jet ahlabayo): ubuchwepheshe kanye nezimiso wokusebenza

ngempucuko yesimanje ungeke ucabange ngokwayo ngaphandle ukusetshenziswa kabanzi steel. Iron, okuyinto iminyaka 400-500 nje edlule, baziswa cishe isisindo sayo ngegolide, namuhla kungase kube amathani adle Okuqukethwe akuzwakali e landfills. Steel smelted izigidi zamathani esetshenziswa ngokuphelele kuphi. ngokuvamile Inkinga eyinhloko impatho yayo, njengoba izinhlobo eziningi lokhu okokusebenza ngempela okuqinile, namazinga zanamuhla kwezobuchwepheshe esiqinile kakhulu futhi ungavumeli ezimanikiniki anolaka "cut imigqa". Ukuze uthuthukise izinga imikhiqizo eseqedile, ososayensi yasungulwa ukusika amanzi metal.

Lapho yokuthi yaqala ukukhulunywa ekusebenzeni?

Kuyamangalisa, kodwa ubuchwepheshe kabanzi ngempela asetshenziswe-yalolucwaningo 60 leminyaka elidlule. Ngokokuqala ngqá liye esetshenziswa izimboni ngempela ezithile, njengabaphostoli Aerospace nesikhala umkhakha. Kodwa ngokushesha inkampani baqala ukucabanga ukuthi amanzi ukusika metal - i emisha kakhulu ukuthi anganikeza amathuba kakhulu yonke umkhakha lapho yethula ebanzi ekukhiqizweni.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, le ndlela yokwelashwa metal liba ethandwa kakhudlwana. Ingasetshenziselwa ngamanzi ukusika uthayela kuphela iphuma, noma ngensimbi wakhe isihloko nezinye? Yini le ndlela, kukhona ngebuhle nebubi? Konke lokhu sizozama ukukutshela kulesi sihloko.

izicelo

Inzuzo enkulu yale ndlela ukuzisika akuwona yokuthi phezu yendwangu akuyona cishe enkulu isinyathelo lokukhanda. Ngokuphelele akukho friction, akukho izindlela ukushisa. Lokhu kunomthelela omuhle kakhulu izinga Imi nayo yonke kokuqendwa ingxenye.

izinto kusetshenzwe

Okokuqala, uma siphawula ukuthi emkhakheni kwesicelo indlela akugcini kuphela izinsimbi kanye Alloys yabo. Isetshenziselwa izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Granite, itshe yemvelo, namanye amaminerali.
• Ceramics namabhodlela.
• Zonke izinsimbi, ngisho kuhlanganise titanium futhi Alloys yayo.
• Okuhlezi emqondweni eziphathekako ukhonkolo.
• Zonke izinhlobo plastic kanye nezinye izinto zokwenziwa.

Yini ingcono nakakhulu, ngesikhathi esifanayo ungakwazi ukuthwebula ukusetshenziswa eliphansi kakhulu kokubili izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye izingxenye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho esebenzelana nesizwe impahla enobungozi kuyinto amanzi ahlabayo sensimbi indlela evumelekile kuphela, kusukela kulokhu kungekho izinhlansi kungekho eziyingozi uthuli kumiswa ngokuphelele engenakwenzeka ukuthungela nokuguqulwa imikhiqizo imfucuza kwakhiwa.

Isebenza kanjani emsebenzini?

Njengobe sakhuluma, metal - hhayi kuphela kwenkululeko isicelo indlela, kodwa namanje 70% msebenzi ngokuqondile kule ndawo. Ubuchwepheshe kusekelwe amanzi ka emihle kakhulu nge i material olwalwenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi kuya yendwangu. Ngakho kwenzekani ncamashi phakathi ukusika? Nazi izinqubo main:

• Amanzi ubhekana nokucindezela okukhulu isicelo ithangi ikakhulukazi ezintabeni ezimazombezombe.
• Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuze "ayoliswe" olwalwenza, ngokuvamile omelelwa ingxenyenamba oluyimbewu encane kunazo isihlabathi.
• Ngemva kwalokho, ingxube okuholela kufakwa umlomo wombhobho.
• Zaziyiconsi siqondiswe endaweni oyifunayo futhi iqala ukusika izinto.

Quality nesivinini ahlabayo nale ndlela kwandisa izikhathi eziningi. Ngezikhathi ezithile, badinga kuphela ukuze ungeze athile. Le nqubo ibizwa okuzenzakalelayo ngokugcwele, akukho abasebenzi kokungenela ngokuvamile akudingeki.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi waterjet ingafinyelela leli jubane, okuvamise attainable yodwa e-plasma ukucutshungulwa izinto. Kodwa! izinga cut kuwukuthi kungaba liphindwe, kodwa kusetshenziswa laser. Izindleko lezi izinhlobo imisebenzi, kanye yinkimbinkimbi imishini esetshenziswa kunzima ukuqhathanisa, ngoba zihlukile ngokuphelele "amakilasi isisindo".

Yini lisetshenzisiwe kulesi imishini?

Ngisho nasezikhathini waseGibhithe lasendulo, abantu baqaphela ukuthi amanzi uyakwazi ngokuphelele ukushintsha izakhiwo izinto eziveza ke u-Adalberto isikhathi eside. Ngisho ngamatshe aqinile ukugijima esimweni amatshe bushelelezi, futhi phezu kobuso egwadle namatshe amhlophe amaningi kuqhathaniswa ngokushesha a indentation ebonakalayo.

Ngemva kwalokho, isimiso esifanayo iye asebenzisa umkhakha yesimanje. Yiqiniso, ngezikhathi zasendulo useshintshe oda ukusetshenziswa amathuba "hydrogen oxide": okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukunikeza ingcindezi eyamukelekayo yamanzi, okwesibili - ukujiya kanye isiqondiso Jets yayo. Lokhu kufezwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

• futha Special enomfutho aqoqana hhayi kuphela supply okusamanzi, kodwa futhi usinikeza yona into. Kuyinto amandla lamasu incike ukujiya kanye kwabantu steel, okungase ukusika. Ukuze kakhulu futha amanzi ihlinzekwa kusuka ezivamile amanzi supply system, nge (ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka) kuyinto efiselekayo bawuthwale emithonjeni eminingi.
• Ukuze jet ukujiya uhambelana amandla Regulator ekhethekile. isivinini Cutting kanye ukushuba kwento okufanele aphathwe akuxhomekile nje kuphela esimweni ukumisa yayo, kodwa futhi izici isihloko athile. Ukuze "dweba" okuthile viscous ngaphezulu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa yamathebhu ezintathu okhombisa ngokuba steel elula akudingeki kuphela amanzi kanye yamathebhu, indima okuyinto, njengoba thina ngokuphindaphindiwe bakutshengise, esihlabathini ezivamile ingasetshenziswa. Yiqiniso, kungenzeka ukuba ulungise hhayi kuphela indlela yokwakheka ingxube ... Yini nemingcele agcwele amanzi cutting metal? Ingcindezi futhi Isivinini uketshezi. Khumbula ukuthi ubuncane izinga elamukelekayo amanzi kufanele sifinyelele 1200 m / s ngesikhathi ingcindezi cishe 4.7 t / cm!

Okunye

Kuyinto Imibhobho esemzimbeni kubaluleke kakhulu. ubukhulu yabo, futhi izinto zokwakha ngqo kuncike olwalwenza kanye velocity jet. Ingcindezi amanzi e ukucutshungulwa izinsimbi uphakeme kakhulu kangangokuthi okusezingeni eliphezulu kuphela amandla Alloys ingasetshenziswa salokhu. I Imibhobho esemzimbeni kudingeka ukushintshwa, ukuvama lokhu kuncike ezicini eziningi. Enye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu yimuphi umshini ukuze "amanzi" kuyinto mixer ahlabayo. It sincike kuyo homogeneity we ingxube okuholela, futhi izinga ukusikeka, khona noma ukungabi khona igawula at emaphethelweni workpieces.

Qaphela ukuthi ukuzilimaza waterjet akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ephezulu ukucacisa ezishintshayo. Isici esivelele sesimiso le ndlela yokusebenza metal onqenqemeni taper okubangelwa izakhiwo amanzi at kwezimo ezinjalo eqondile uhlelo lwayo lokusebenza. Ayanda isivinini, ayanda izinga. Kodwa! Njengoba kwanda taper liyancipha ngokulingana ngqo izinga lokugcina ngokucubungula izinto. Ukuze wehlise nomphumela omubi kangaka, ingasetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe lobunikazi Flow Dynamic Waterjet nezindlela ezifanayo imikhiqizo quality.

Siyini leso simiso yokusebenza ubuchwepheshe "smart"? Zonke ezishintshayo lula ngokwayo inquma uhlobo, viscosity kanye kwabantu indaba kusetshenzwe, bese ngokuzimela sishintsha angle ukuthambekela kanye umlomo wombhobho ubukhulu. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho kuqala njalo correctable isihlabathi metal ukusika ngamanzi.

amalungiselelo

Ekugcineni, akukho ngaphansi okubalulekile oyi-ukwelashwa uhlelo uketshezi ukusetshenziswa kamuva zakamuva cutting metal uhlelo. Ukuze yenze ukuphila imishini, kanye ukuqinisekisa ukuphathwa eliphezulu kakhulu, kubalulekile ngokoqobo crystal nasemanzini. Lokhu ibangelwa filtration ngokusebenzisa "ephezulu ukucacisa" umshini, okuyothi ketshezi kususwe konke, ukungcola elikhulu ephezulu isisindo yamangqamuzana ezinto eziphilayo.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi abakhiqizi ezahlukene ukunikela imishini ezahlukene hydroabrasive, kungenzeka imishini okuyinto imisebenzi eyengeziwe kuhlobane ngokuqondile izindleko imishini. Ngakho, ukusebenza ethuthukisiwe ikuvumela ukwenza ngisho eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuma ahlabayo, uma kunesidingo, ingasaphathwa imisebenzi ngaphezulu elula.

Ukusebenza amanzi ahlabayo

Emikhakheni eminingi yamanzi art cutting metal, intengo okuyinto ukwelashwa ephansi kakhulu laser (ruble imitha ngalinye 15) liyatholakala ukusetshenziswa ububanzi. Iqiniso lokuthi omunye yezinzuzo zale nqubo kuba ukungabi chips, kanye ebusweni ukushisa, okwenza isithombe noma iphrofayela ncamashi nalokho ongathanda ukuzibona umklami noma umculi. Nazi izici main zaleli impahla processing indlela:

• Custom cutting metal. Kubalulekile ukuthi Imi etholwe high kakhulu ngasiphi ukuthambekela umlomo wombhobho. Ukunemba kangangokuthi izingxenye esiphelele emva womshini yabo ingasetshenziswa ne ukuqeqeshwa kangako noma abangafundile nhlobo.
• imishini yesimanje kungenziwa eziqhutshwa Ukungenela komuntu okuncane, noma ezazingeke zidinge ukuba khona kwabasebenzi. Nale imishini efanayo usike imininingwane ukumisa eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi ukukwenza ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, kodwa kulondolozwe esezingeni kungenzeka.
• metal lokucubungula luvame kakhulu. Ngakho, umshini ahlabayo angase anqamule metal ngamanzi 20 amasentimitha naphakathi carbon steel. Titanium ukusebenza nesizotha - ngaphakathi 15-17 mm. eqinile Ikakhulukazi ingxubevange - mayelana 12 mm. Coefficient Ubuncane ewela abanesibalo zethusi futhi mm 4-5 kuphela.
• izakhi-Ornamental futhi ukulandisa okuhlotshisiwe nokusontiwe usebenzisa le ndlela ukuba high kakhulu hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi eshibhile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucushwa kwe imikhiqizo siphelile akuncikile isipiliyoni wesisebenzi hhayi kusukela 'ubulukhuni yezandla ", kodwa kuphela izilungiselelo. Uma ukuphambuka ngesikhathi ahlabayo awukwazi ukudlula 0.5%, usebenzisa i-apharathasi ukusika metal amanzi CNC.

Eminyakeni yamuva, njengoba abaningi ngokwengeziwe ngokuvamile ukusika ipayipi. Ngenxa yale njongo asetshenziswa imishini ekhethekile, ngawo esigabeni ipayipi etholwe ekuqaleni smooth kakhulu futhi yona-iphucuziwe. Ngakho, waterjet ahlabayo, lapho izinsizakalo ezikhona kuleli wonke amadolobha amakhulu, buya indlela kuvamile begodu ethandwa zokuhlela tintfo letitinhlobonhlobo.

CNC waterjet

Ikakhulukazi ukunweba nokusebenza indlela wasiza imishini CNC ezingasetshenziswa ukucubungula ezihlukahlukene izinto, nezimo Tuning ukusebenza, esiphezulu kanye ukushuba ubuncane ukuzilimaza, kanye neminye imingcele.

Ngeziphambeko kusukela nemingcele predetermined etholwe ubuncane, okuyinto cishe engenakwenzeka ukufeza nge izindlela esezingeni ahlabayo. Umgomo we operation alesi sigaba of imishini kuyehla kube izenzo elandelayo:

• Okokuqala efakwe isofthiwe ezifanele, okungaba ehlukene ngoba uhlobo impahla ngayinye. Uhlelo ikhetha indlela yokwakheka ingxube, uhlobo olwalwenza futhi umthamo oyifunayo yamanzi, ingcindezi, kanye neminye imingcele. Ukuze ukuma cutting of izinto ukuhlangabezana nezinhlelo ezithile.
• Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa ezengeziwe eqeda okuyingxenye is ayisadingeki. Uma nemingcele ahlabayo zikhethwa ngokungalungile noma ngokungenaqiniso kungenzeka kube nabathile maholoholo umkhiqizo osuphelile. Kodwa! Uma usebenzisa umshini CNC ukuthi angaqhubeka ahlabayo yabo nemingcele, ezifana cishe kungenzeki. Kulokhu, imishini ngeke ngokuzenzakalelayo ukhethe imodi oyifunayo, ukugxila ukujiya, viscosity kanye kwabantu kwensimbi.
• Ngaphezu ahlabayo, imishini enjalo ukuvumela ukuba bayamba izimbobo of diameters ezahlukene kanye ukucupha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo thina ukuphinda amazwi kakade ezichazwe ngenhla, uma nemishini edingekayo into ekhethekile, kumelwe ukhethe labo imifanekiso yakhe, okuyinto abe elihambisana imisebenzi eyengeziwe.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, le mishini ingasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ahlabayo, kodwa nezalo ezipholisha imikhiqizo usuqedile bese izingxenye ukuthi eziye zashiwo nezinye izinto zokusebenza.

isandla ahlabayo

Kwezinye izimo, le mishini zingalawulwa komqhubi onekhono. Kule modi, zonke izinguquko ezidingekayo ukuze ufake imodi ibhukwana, engesiyo elula ikakhulukazi njalo. Kodwa kukhona izindlela ibhukwana ukusika zensimbi eziningi izinzuzo, okuhlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo:

• Izindleko msebenzi kubiza eshibhile izikhathi mayelana nengxenye.
• imfundo lakhetsekile opharetha ngesikhathi esifanayo, Isimanga siwukuthi, akunandaba. Iqiniso lokuthi ukulawula inhlukano imishini enjalo engu-ulula futhi ayinayo amaningi izici eyinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu imishini esetshenziswa ezimweni lapho kubalulekile ukuphuma izingxenye kokuba simise elula weJiyomethri.
• Nokho, ukusebenza imishini, uhlala ingashintshiwe. cut Clean, izimbobo imishini kanye nezinye imisebenzi elula - konke lokhu kungenziwa ngaphansi kolawulo mathupha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ikhono ukucubungula metal nje kuphela kodwa futhi nezinye izinto.

Sithemba ukuthi nawe uqonde ukuthi ukuzilimaza amanzi metal. Le ndlela kuvamile kakhulu embonini yesimanje, ingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza izingxenye cishe noma iyiphi ukuma ukumisa.