Amantongomane empeleni imidumba

Amantongomane - a herbaceous isitshalo yonyaka we ezibanzi emabhontjisi. Ngokuvamile, ikhula ukuphakama 25-40 cm. I eshiya parnoperistoslozhnye isibambo yakhe kancane ezimazombezombe. Flowers ezimbalwa-akujabulela shayela iDemo. Five-beater, ezimhlophe noma ophuzi, agobile inkomishi bilabiate. Imbali izakhi emva kokukhulelwa lidayizi peduncle kanye isiqalo esibelethweni sikhule ngenkuthalo sizenqabe ezijulile enhlabathini lapho izithelo ukuthuthukisa kusukela esibelethweni kokonoobraznoy fomu. Ubhontshisi ngokwabo embozwe elicinene anezikhala pericarp nge amanani angalingani imbewu: 1 - 2 imbewu (5) Gxila kokukodwa noma okubili Interceptions. Ngokuvamile imbewu oblong, esinamanzi, anobukhulu kusuka 9 kuya ku-20 mm, nge igobolondo iba nsundu ngokubomvu. Izimbali phansi alimondi June - July futhi izithelo uvuthwe ngokushesha okukhulu - ngo-September - October.

Amantongomane - umlando kwaba nabantu bezizwe ezixubile chemical

Uvele 16 isiko lokuqala alimondi zobumba. e-Brazil, lapho yena ngengozi wawa eChina abese eYurophu. Wafinyelela ekhulwini le-18 e-Russia. In the field, amantongomane waqala zingatshalwa kuphela kwamaSoviet.

Okusatshalalisiwe manje ezingxenyeni ezithile eCaucasus, North-Caucasus, eningizimu ingxenye European Russia, e-Asia Ephakathi.

Ukwakheka Chemical. Imbewu lamantongomane ewusizo njengoba ososayensi baye bathola, aqukethe kufike ku-52% uwoyela okunamafutha, ezazihlanganisa glycerides lignoceric, arachidic, stearic, palmitic, oleic, linoleic, gipogeevoy, lauric, myristic, eykozenovoy, tseritinovoy futhi acid behenic. Ngaphezu kwalokho amafutha imbewu babe amaprotheni (kufika ku-36%), ama-globulin (18%), glyuteininy (mayelana 16%), 'Arachin "konarahin, amavithamini E, B1 (okuyinto imbewu ikhasi), pantothenic acid, biotin, njll . imbewu uwoyela imele alkaloid Arachin, choline futhi betaine.

kokwehla

groundnuts etshalwe (imbewu amantongomane) ngasekupheleni April, ngezinye izikhathi ekuqaleni Meyi. Yena ukuthandwa Uzithukululile kahle kakhulu, kodwa kunalokho phansi "anolaka". Lokhu kusho ukuthi akufanele kube othulini kakhulu, ngokucophelela ugaye izigaxa. Umhlabathi kumele bacebe calcium. Uma sintula - Kumele wengeze 100 - 200 at 12 - 15 imitha seedbed ngaphambi kutshalwa futhi okufanayo - ngaphambi amahlumela zom uqale. I elikhulu Inhlabathi asidi for lesi sitshalo ezingeni 5.6 kuya 6.2.

Imbewu itshalwe ngesikhathi 3 cm ukujula at ibanga 15 cm komunye nomunye. Lokhu kuvumela lamantongomane zokutshala lula kakhulu futhi kuwusizo kakhudlwana ukulawula ukhula - ngakho-ke ayikuvumeli ukuba ukhule evamile, Ducking aphansi emhlabathini. Futhi Ukukhipha isikhathi uthole okuncane. Umhlabathi kumelwe nakanjani babe abacebile udaba eziphilayo. Setha ezivamile - humus, Peat kanye umquba ingxube.

Uma kukhona ehlathini eliseduzane elixutshwe - kuyinto efiselekayo ukuletha bese wengeza ezweni ihlathi (njengoba isendlalelo engenhla okuxekethile, okuyinto yokumba kulula kakhulu).

ukunakekelwa

Ngemva 6 - amasonto 8. ngemva Ayehlezi, lamantongomane amahlumela ziqala ukuqhakaza, impova. Pindar - izitshalo self-impova. Ngemva kwakho konke izimbali ziyophela, kubalulekile izitshalo okuchit efana amazambane, futhi uthele emibhedeni semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla ngobuningi organic (kusuka Peat, sawdust, humus, isihlabathi), ungqimba engekho ngaphezu kuka-5 cm. Land ngaphansi semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla kufanele kube okuxekethile lumpy.

Nakuba amantongomane ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza ngobuningi bazithela kufanele kube - zonke 3 - 4 days. Lapho ihlumela - kuzinciphise ukuchelela - kanye njalo 1 - 1,5nedeli. Kodwa uma konke kusenjalo kule nkathi izobanjelwa imvula njalo - zonke zokutshala lamantongomane kungaba ngcono ukuba ufihle.

sokuvuna

Harvest, uma ngibala kusukela esikhathini kokwehla 110 - 120 izinsuku. Lena isitshalo sasivumela undemanding. yellowing lubonakale amaqabunga - isibonakaliso sokuvuna eziphuthumayo; kangcono ukuze acekele phansi otshanini pitchforks. Qiniseka ukuthi babeka ubhontshisi eziphukile iphele emthunzini. ubhontshisi owomile cockleboat ngobugebengu kalula, ngaleyo ndlela ukukhulula a nati ewusizo kakhulu, okunempilo futhi okumnandi.

Nge zokutshala efanele nokunakekela okuhle, groundnuts ziyojabula nge isivuno salo okuphuma phambili.