Passiflora ezidliwayo: Izici kulinywe nezithombe

Passionflower kuyinto passifloraceae umndeni bese iqasha ezingaphezu kuka-500, enye yazo passionflower ezidliwayo - eside siluhlaza umvini ngemibala enhle kakhulu yokuqala, uthole isidlaliso Russian "Cavaliers inkanyezi" ngenxa yokufana yangaphandle ne-oda.

Umlando kokutholakala imbali

Homeland ezinhlotsheni eziningi passion izithelo - futhi kancane amahlathi ehlaziyiwe ezishisayo yaseNingizimu Melika, futhi ezinye izinhlobo izimbali sitholakala e-Asia ne-Madagascar. Europe ngajwayelana lesi sitshalo kuphela emva kokunqotshwa INguqulo Yezwe.

Imbali passionflower has a isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi original - phezulu amacembe kuyinto "umqhele", ehlanganisa izikali eside, ngoba lapho kukhona stamens ezinkulu. Ngisho ephakeme inhlamba pistil futhi 3 (bheka. I Passiflora isithombe ezidliwayo). Ngenxa yalesi ukubonakala zevangeli ezafika eMelika, futhi iSonto LamaKatolika lalibheka umqhele imbali wameva kaKristu futhi sinqatshiwe silitadishe. Incazelo yokuqala Passiflora lentiwe kuphela kwekhulu lamashumi amabili.

incazelo yemvelo

Sikwazi ukukhula Lokhu isitshalo zisetshenziswa kuze kufinyelele 3-4 amamitha amathathu ubude, inika amahlumela eside kakhulu, isiqu esincane sesihlahla ukunamathela usebenzisa ukwesekwa. Amahlamvu zinkulu, ehlanganisa 3-5 iyizingxenye. Isithelo passion izithelo agcwele amanzi berry-seeded, zonke izinhlobo edliwayo yale Passiflora esuka lapho waya 60, abaningi babo ngisho kwakhula njengoba izitshalo nezithelo.

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke futhi ethandwa izinhlobo ezidliwayo passion izithelo:

• Passionfruit.
• Granadilla.
• Maestro.
• Galaxy et al.

Okuqukethwe nokunakekela izitshalo

passionflower Ezidliwayo (noma passion fruit) libhekisela imivini ezikhulayo, okungase itshalwe ekhanyayo, futhi izimo yendlu. Isimo esiyinhloko ukukhula yimpumelelo - ukukhanyisa eyanele, ngakho-ke abakwazi sikhule emthunzini noma ngaphansi ezisindayo isihlahla kombhede.

lokushisa elikhulu ekukhuleni: 18 + ... + 24 C, ngesikhathi amahlamvu aphezulu ziqala ukuba phuzi futhi azikhuli, kunciphisa inani efihlekile, kungenzeka ukufa simila. Ebusika inkathi ithule, ke zigcinwe ngaso +12 ... + 18? C.

Inhlabathi esetshenziswa Passiflora engasindi, kahle esiwuhogelayo, okuyiwona ungeze isihlabathi noma Peat.

Imbali zidinga ukuthambisa njalo ngesikhathi ukukhula kanye zezimbali (kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekupheleni kwekwindla), inhlabathi kumele kube kancane esemanzi ehlobo bazithela Njalo ngemva kosuku olulodwa njalo.
Ebusika ithule isikhathi ukuthambisa kwenziwa kanye ngesonto noma ngisho kancane kaningi. Passion afune izinto ngenkani kwabanye ku nomswakama umoya ehlobo kumelwe ngokuvamile olufuthwe, ngakho akunakwenzeka ukuba imisebe yelanga ngokusebenzisa amathonsi ashisiwe amahlamvu.

izitshalo efaka umquba eniyenzayo kabili ngenyanga, usebenzisa eziyinkimbinkimbi amaminerali ingxube. Ungasebenzisa Umanyolo liquid for izimbali, kodwa buhlanjululwe ngesigamu.

Passion awukwazi ukubekezelela umbhalo wokuqala, kodwa uthanda angabiki njalo. Lapho ukutshala kufanele acabangele khona chweba lapho umvini zikhule. Isitshalo kumele njalo ukusika, ikakhulukazi ngemva amahlumela zom, okuyinto benqunywa ngokuphelele. Spring benza izihlahla 1/3 obuphelele t. Ukuze. Izimbali izokwenziwa kuphela amahlumela amasha.

Lokuzaliswa passion izithelo cuttings

passionflower Ezidliwayo zingandiswa ngezindlela eziningana, elula zazo - ngosizo ngokuxhunyelelwa. cuttings apical kokuba cut izinso ehlobo a ubude 10 cm, bese ibangelwa enhlabathini endlini efudumele (20 + ... + 25? C). Ngokuba ukulungiswa ingxube inhlabathi ukuthatha kokufika emhlabathini ishidi ingxenye 3, 2 - humus, 2 - Turf, 1 - isihlabathi.

Ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala iphathwa kornevinom, ke ibhodwe limbozwa cuttings ifilimu inyanga engu-1, cuttings zisekelwe. Cuttings kungenziwa efakwa emanzini, unezela ucezu namalahle izinyanga 1.5-2. izimpande kumele kuvele, kodwa amanzi ayikwazi ukushintshwa.

Phakathi yokukhula, ungakwazi ukwenza ukubuyabuyelela amadevu.

imbewu Lokuzaliswa passionflower

Lokusakaza kusetshenziswa imbewu - inqubo isikhathi eside kunaleso nge cuttings. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile kakhulu imbewu ziqhume kabi ngenxa isitoreji yesikhathi eside (ngezinye izikhathi izinyanga eziningana). Nale ndlela kufanele nigcine imithetho ethile:

• ukutshalwa passion fruit imbewu ezidliwayo iqala ngo-February;
• potting umhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala kumele disinfected: gazinga kuhhavini imizuzu engu-10. at 200 C;
• imbewu ehlwanyelwe enhlabathini kumuntu ka 1 cm ukujula. gilazi wabe esenikwa embozwe ifilimu noma ingilazi, egumbini lokushisa kufanele kube 22 + ... + 24? C. Lapho amahlamvu kuqala ukuvela ukwenza Pick ku ezitsheni ezihlukahlukene ngenhloso ububanzi mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 7 cm;
• Passiflora imbewu ezidliwayo abe igobolondo kanzima, ngakho ukuthambisa makakutholele scarification - kancane bazigcobe lokukhuhla nhlangothi zombili;
• khona-ke wayeqhubeka imbewu usuku ubisi noma isixazululo umpe ezisawolintshi (lemon noma orange);
• kuphela ke abatshalwé esitsheni noma Peat izinkomishi;
• isidingo nsuku zonke ukuze pholisa isitsha lapho ifilimu isuselwa 5 imiz.
• inhlabathi oswakanyiswe njengoba omiswe esebenzisa sishaye;
• ngokushesha nje amahlumela, lo ifilimu sisuswa, futhi isitsha kumele iyiswe endaweni nge izibani okuhle.

Ukutshala futhi zezimbali passionflower

Lesi sitshalo iyi-zisetshenziswa, ke utshala abakwenza kanye ngonyaka entwasahlobo isikhathi. Lapho ukutshala isitshalo esincane ngonyaka wokuqala yentiwe amasonto ama-2 ingilazi jar. Ngonyaka wokuqala ke kwakheka isisekelo passionflower imivini esizayo, okwandisa amahlumela main, ngokuvamile kuze kube 1.5 m. Kulokhu, it ngempela udinga ukwesekwa ukuze uthole ukusizakala.

Autumn lapho ukupholisa siqala ngezansi 15? C, lesi sitshalo kumele alethwe isikhungo lapho kungenzeka ukuba silondoloze lokushisa +13 ... + 16? C. Uma ekamelweni lishisa, umvini iqala ukuya Bald futhi ulahlekelwe amahlamvu.

Ukuze onyakeni wesibili entwasahlobo kufanele wenze izihlahla amahlumela omude ngonyaka odlule ingxenye eyodwa ubude, uma kubhekwa ukuthi izimbali kuzothatha ukuma ku amahlumela amasha. Passionflower blooms cishe yonke isizini ihlobo kusuka ngoJuni kuze Okthoba, kodwa ngamunye ezimpilweni imbali usuku 1 kuphela.

Khulisa izithelo ezimweni Igumbi kunzima. Ukuze uthole eyodwa, kumele ube ubuncane 2 kohlobo olulodwa, okungukuthi. Ukuze. Bona isiphambano-impova. Ngenxa izimbali ezahlukene kulezi izitshalo, impova kungenzeka. Izithelo izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo ngokuvamile abavuthiwe phakathi kwezinyanga 2-3.5.

Cabanga izinhlobo ezehlukene passionflower ezidliwayo.

izinhlobo passionflower

Passion isithelo passionflower ezidliwayo noma Granadilla (Passiflora edulis) - ifomu evamile, inezinhlobo Uruguay, Brazil, Argentina. Ngo isiko ikhula 5-8 amamitha, it has a matte amahlamvu emithathu Lobed. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili izinhlobonhlobo ke: isithelo ophuzi kanye violet. Lezi zimbali ziba zinkulu kakhulu (6-8 cm) of light-purple, futhi izithelo letiyindilinga-6 cm. Kusukela kubo ukulungiselela iziphuzo kanye amaswidi, ukungezwa itiye.

Passionflower banana noma ithenda (Passiflora mollissima) - ngokwemvelo likhula Bolivia, Colombia kanye neVenezuela. izimbali Pink kufika ku-12 cm, izithelo ihlaba umkhosi iphunga elimnandi. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo banana passionflower abandayo kakhulu ukumelana, luthela isithelo ngonyaka wokuqala.

Passion Galaxy ezidliwayo - zisetshenziswa ekhuphuka isitshalo, imivini zikhule 4.5 m ubude, ubukhulu imbali 12 cm white and pink. Izithelo sinombala-bomvu, abe iphunga elimnandi.

Usayizi elikhulu izithelo futhi ekunqandeni obuphelele - Passion tetrahedral (Passiflora quadrangularis) - ikhula kufika ku-15 m ubude, izimbali nazo enkulu, diameters kufika ku-15 cm, izithelo okusaqanda omkhulu 30 cm abe ikhasi obukhulu, futhi ngaphakathi - amnandi uginindela namanzi . Esikhathini indawo phakathi isitshalo enjalo zingatshalwa kuphela ezimweni abamba ukushisa.

Passiflora Maestro ezidliwayo - omunye ethandwa kakhulu futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi e izinhlobonhlobo isiRashiya, eye yasetshenziswa ngempumelelo yi balimi sikhule esendlini futhi ngaphandle.

Apple-Passion imbali (Passiflora maliformis) noma Passiflora Maliformis -. Umgibeli isihlahla stem obuphelele abafika kwabangu-10 m thelo anosayizi kuze 5 cm, aqukethe elimnandi amnandi inyama grey noma ogodweni orange umbala ne imbewu abamnyama. Indaphundaphu esetshenziswa womshini uphuzo. Landing kwalesi silwane isikhule eBrazil futhi Ecuador ngokuba izithelo ezidliwayo.

Izifo kanye izinambuzane passionflower

Passiflora ezidliwayo okungenzeka kube abaphethwe ngokuhlasela yizimbuzane, aphid, mealybugs kanye whiteflies. Can ukuvikela isitshalo usebenzisa "fitoverm" noma "Akhtar" ukubhubhisa mealybugs amalungiselelo esetshenziswa equkethe cypermethrin ( "Arriva", "Intal sup").

Izifo ezithathelwanayo ukuthi zingayisongela simila - impande ukubola, okulimaza sekwephuzile, indandatho kanye indawo brown, uqweqwe, okulimaza, kakhulu akuvamile - ophuzi igciwane KaMose. Yelaphani izitshalo onesifo akuvamile usebenza, ngakho kumele uyobhujiswa kanye ebhodweni.

ayelapha passion izithelo

Ezinye izinhlobo zama-passionflower futhi zinenzuzo ebalulekile zokwelapha. Ama-Inca basendulo babesebenzisa le passionflower njengoba itiye sine. The main umphumela ekwelapheni Passiflora -, sine ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi kanye nesikhathi sokulala ngaphandle imiphumela emibi. Lesi sitshalo isetshenziswa ukwelapha izifo isimiso sezinzwa, kuyasiza ne ukuqwasha, ukucindezeleka, isifo sokuwa, kanye nabanye.

Futhi, imithi eyenziwe kusukela lesi sitshalo has antispasmodic, eqeda ukuvuvukala, anticonvulsant nomphumela analgesic, kuthuthukisa nenkumbulo, ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle futhi potency. Omunye umphumela eziyingqayizivele Passiflora - isinxephezelo isenzo ka-amphetamine - esetshenziswa kwaba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu ukwelapha yizidakamizwa nokuluthwa utshwala.

I eyigugu kakhulu ngokuya imithi uhlobo - inkarnata Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata), noma ibhilikotsi, sikhule sibe umvini eside kakhulu kufika ku 10 metres elikhanyayo izimbali purple futhi izithelo anosayizi lemon komthunzi iplamu, ukunambitha sweet and omuncu .. Ground izingxenye zalo zenziwa imithi "passionflower akhiphe", uye ekusiza umphumela, wabonisa for yezifo izinhlelo sezinzwa futhi senhliziyo. Izithelo abe nephunga ezithakazelisayo kakhulu, enjengamakhiwane amakha lilacs.

Ukusebenzisa abanothando ukudla

Ezweni lethu izithelo ezidliwayo passion fruit (passion fruit kanye nezinye izinhlobo) kungenziwa kuphela ezitholakala Izithako kuya yogurt, ice cream noma isiphuzo sezithelo. isiqeshana kakhulu ezingavamile izithelo ingatholakala ku Izingxube zezinkambi ezishisayo.

Indaphundaphu izithelo okumnandi amnandi, ekhaya futhi silusebenzise ifomu ongahluziwe, ukuxubana ushukela namanzi kanye ukulungiswa sezimoto, jellies futhi sherbets. Ngokuvamile izingcezu izithelo yengezwe kophudingi ojiyileyo amakhekhe.

juice Sweet kanye jam ingasetshenziswa ekulungiseleleni inyama kanye nenhlanzi izitsha, kungcono nambitha isithelo kuhlangene nati, ama-aphula, nesinamoni ipheya.

Nokho, ukuqaphela kufanele lisetshenziswe, kusukela e uhlobo oluthile (isib passionflower Azure) iqukethe inani elincane lomphakathi wabo cyanide ngenye - .. Esibuthakathaka Kakhudlwana ezinobuthi eyingozi empilweni yomuntu.