Abazalwane Znamensky - uSerfim Ivanovich noGeorgiy Ivanovich. I-Biography, impumelelo yemidlalo. Abantu -kwanekwane

Znamensky - nabagijimi abavelele izithixo Soviet of the 30s kwekhulu lama-20. Amagama abo kuze kube yilolu suku zimbozwe nokubingelela wenkazimulo. Bazalwane wayebizwa ngokuthi abantu-legends. Emva kwezinyanga ezingu-12 kuphela, abantu abasha akwazi ukuhambela Wabasaqalayo okunzima ompetha be-USSR. Znamensky, futhi kuba kubo futhi uzobe okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko, babe ukuziqhenya ezemidlalo Soviet inkathi yangaphambi impi. isiphetho sabo ngokuyinhloko okuphindaphindiwe amavidyo kusukela emafilimini sikhathi mayelana abasebenzi abaye baqashelwa jikelele kuphela izindleko zomsebenzi wabo siqu. abazalwane kuphela ephethwe nekuwusebentisa empilweni yangempela. Cabanga lapho isikhathi Znamenskie qala ku treadmills, George wawuyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amathathu uSeraphim - engamashumi amabili nesikhombisa. Ngokuvamile ngalesi abasubathi ubudala umsebenzi kakade kuqedile. Ezemidlalo wokuphila kwalezi nabagijimi abavelele izithixo sasisifushane, kodwa okukhulu kanye nemicimbi egqamile emnandi. Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi ngesikhathi uSeraphim noGeorge wahlala St Nicholas Uyingelosi Enkulu. Kusuka lapho endaweni yomsebenzi (simila "Hammer Sickle") benza iziphambano. Futhi amakhilomitha angaba eyishumi nesithupha ngosuku.

umndeni

Znamensky Brothers azalelwa edolobhaneni Green Sloboda. George wazalwa ngo-1903, futhi uSeraphim - e 1906. Uyise Ivan engumpristi wendawo yesonto. Izakhamuzi wakhuluma ngaye njengendoda elungile futhi bazole. Ivan washada indodakazi yompristi emzaneni othiwa Anfisa Ivanovna. Wamzalela namadodakazi ayisithupha amadodana amane.

Anfisa Ivanovna eyingoduso njengenhlangano pair au, kanye nemfundo yezingane. Wayedlala upiyano futhi wayazi French. Njalo ingane Znamensky umndeni abaqeqeshiwe ukufunda umculo, futhi ngemuva kokuthatha ukuhlolwa ngaphambi yomkhaya futhi izihlobo zabo. Anfisa Ivanovna yamjabulisa kakhulu ngokuthi uSeraphim. Eminyakeni 13, umfana wakhonza njengephayona nedikoni esontweni kayise waba vocal kakhulu. Wayengumuntu zomculo kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi uSeraphim uvuke ebusuku futhi wabhala isikhathi eside encwadini umculo. Futhi ekuseni wonke umndeni Znamensky walalela imisebenzi yakhe. George futhi iphathwa umculo buthule. Noma kunjalo, ngaso sonke isikhathi adunyiswe umfowabo ekhaya ngemva amakhonsathi futhi enethemba lokuthi wayeyoba "Chopin". Kodwa isiphetho usebalungiselele abafana ngendlela ehlukile kakhulu.

Ngokungafani nomfowabo, Georgy Znamensky kwaba yabasubathi kusukela ebuntwaneni. Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili, sasibhekwa indoda enamandla kunawo wonke kulo lonke Green Sloboda. Kakade ngaleso sikhathi Znamenskie abasebasha wayesehlala uhlobo Ukudla ngaphandle sezibiliboco - amazambane, i-rye isinkwa nobisi. Ngaphezu kwakho konke kwakungadingeki. Njengoba for ubisi ke uGeorge uSeraphim baphuze eyodwa ibhakede for ezimbili nsuku zonke.

umeluleki

ubhuti uSergei imatasa imfundo kwabasebasha. Wayekade kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, ethola isikhundla yesisebenti. Waphindela ekhaya ngemva ukuxukuzeka, wathola ngaphambili. ngokushesha Sergei ngaphawula ukuthi abazalwane abasebasha sikhule silwane siyagula futhi ibuthakathaka. Yena ngokwakhe, ukuba umfundi esikoleni lempi, ezemidlalo "ogulayo". sina Nsizwa wacabanga nge-career msubathi futhi befuna ukunqoba umncintiswano. Ngakho-ke, uSergei ngenkuthalo igxiliswe uthando lwezemidlalo uGeorge uSeraphim. Futhi, umfowabo omdala wathatha ingxenye esebenzayo empilweni yomphakathi - ku angomakhelwane Kazan ihlelwe bethula inkulumo kulo mhlangano ifektri Acrobatic.

ingozi

Ngokushesha umndeni enkingeni Znamensky iphutha. George on the imisebenzi yokulima umlenze kwavela ihhashi. Umama wesaba ukuthi uzogcinwa Kunjengokungathi ukuphila. Kodwa ukuhlinzwa kwami kuhambe kahle futhi ukuthi kungadaleka ingozi embi kakhulu ngeke kumvimbe esikhathini esizayo ukuze usethe amarekhodi emhlabeni e ithrekhi futhi ensimini. Khona-ke George ahamba ayokhonza e Sea Fleet. Futhi mhlawumbe kukhona wabulawa. Icala edabukisayo Giorgi wathi encwadini ayibhalela kumfowabo Sergei. Yena, kanye nozakwabo abane, baqhubeka nohambo lwabo esikebheni phakathi ukuzivivinya umzimba. Kungazelelwe waphenduka futhi iphathwe ukubhukuda George kuphela. Futhi lokhu naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umlenze wakhe zihambisana ihange intambo. Lapha, ukubaluleka okukhulu odlale ukuqeqeshwa ezemidlalo. Uma kungenjalo, khona-ke Ngena ayikwazanga ngokushesha ngakho disentangle futhi ukubhukuda kwamanzi. George wabonga ngokuphindaphindiwe Sergey ngenxa yokuthi uye unamathisele ukuba lo mdlalo. Ngo-1926 wathola iziqu esikoleni esiphakeme, kanye uchungechunge umyalo Jr. wezikhali kogu. Khona-ke, eminyakeni embalwa kwenziwe inkonzo lemikhumbi yempi.

Ukudlulela Nikolskoye

Ngo-1931, uGeorge wafika eMoscow futhi athola khona umsebenzi endaweni simila "Hammer Sickle." Le nsizwa kwakufanele ngifuna isikhathi eside futhi kanzima izindlu enhlokodolobha, kodwa akazange angene. Ekugcineni kwadingeka ukuba axazulule nge sweet Isalukazi Aleksandry Efimovny ezindala 5th umugqa esiteshini Nikolskoye (amakhilomitha 14 kusukela idolobha). Lokhu ugogo ngudade umpristi myachkovskogo, iqhawe kabani esizayo wayazi, ophilayo naye edolobheni lakubo bomdabu endaweni. George wahlala egunjini eliphezulu ophahleni. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, waphindela perevoz kumfowabo. Ekuqaleni, Serafim got umsebenzi njengoba uchwepheshe, Umdabuli, bese benza umsebenzi kwakhiwa ilondolo ifektri isisebenzi eduze Taganka. Ukuze usebenze abafowethu babekwazi yayihamba ndawonye. Akuvamile ukuthutha, nokuningi - okwenza esiphambanweni.

yokuphila Spartan

Ngo Nicholas Znamensky ngokushesha waqaphela. Ngo-February 1932 Georgy weza unkosikazi umdala mzalwane egama layo linguMariya. Useke bengakwazanga ukuthola indawo yokuhlala yabo. Kodwa lapho ebuzwa abafana bendawo mayelana guys ezimbili ngubani njalo egijima, masinyane olwenziwa wakhe endaweni efanele.

Inkosikazi ka-Aleksandru Efimovna wakhononda Masha abazalwane. Yesithwathwa ziqinile yena wayekhathazeke yokuthi intsha okoleyut egunjini eliphezulu ophahleni. Isalukazi Knocked njalo unamathele ophahleni futhi okrikivala Serafim noGeorge, ngamcela kubanda. "Yini, Mkhulu! Singabantu ashisayo "-! Ukuhlangabezana Amaqhawe esizayo. Njengoba intsha bazinza wakhe njengoba omjwayele, u-Alexander Efimovna ekuqaleni ahlelile bonyana yawoyise enabo ekamelweni, ngokushesha nje iziqashi izoya aphansi. Kodwa kwathi lapho, wayenza lukhuni uGeorge uSeraphim akazange ufuna ukuhambisa. Futhi waqhubeka ehlala elisophahleni lwendlu.

Znamensky siphile iSparta - wadla isinkwa abamnyama kuphela, futhi ukusebenza cishe njalo uhambo ngesikhathi ebaleka. UGeorge wayeneminyaka engu-ukufika ujabule kakhulu umakoti. Kodwa akazange ashintshe imikhuba. Lapho le nsizwa ebuya emsebenzini, mina njalo wamcela ukuba zikhulisa amanzi ashisayo, kanti uma isetshenziswa ukubhekana, woza exhaphozini, lapho waqeqesha ngenkuthalo. Futhi George akazange ngisho izingubo, vele uthathe ithawula babaleka. Ngo-umthetho bamvakashela cishe isigamu sehora. Ngesikhathi wayesamile nilimaza imibuthano, futhi ngemva - yacwila umhlonyane, ukukhononda isikhala limited. Uma ubona lokhu Skinny, Mary belulekwa Georgi wake ukuletha Aleksandru Efimovnu. Ngokwe intombazane, inkosikazi yendlu ngabe ngokushesha saphela ukhathazeke yokuthi iqina egunjini eliphezulu ophahleni.

ukuqeqeshwa

Nakuba lo mdlalo eSoviet Union kwakungathandeki kakhulu. Umncintiswano kokuqala okunjalo kwaba nomhlangano ngo-1928. Kwakungemva ukuziphatha kwakhe kanti futhi zadalwa nemifelandawonye nezigaba Ezemidlalo ezahlukene. Ethandwa kakhulu ezithengiwe agitprobegi futhi edluliselwe izinhlanga. Ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka izinto ezihlekisayo. Ngokwesibonelo, temperance run kwahlelwa ekwindla ka-1929 emigwaqweni inhlokodolobha nge izingqwembe bezithi ezifanele zempi neziqubulo. Konke kwenzeke kahle, kuze kube sekupheleni at Trohgorki stayers ukhathele wahlangana ngeqembu labadlali bezinsimbi zomculo abaculi odakiwe ...

George eyenziwa ngempela kude ukuqeqeshwa watimisela kuya ezingeni eliphezulu. Manje indoda yagijima echibini, futhi enkundleni "Hammer Sickle." Ekuqaleni, umfana kwemisipha ne oqinile ibhantshi sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi bumpkin. Kodwa yena, waba sezitimela ezinejubane kakhulu iziphambano ngokushesha okukhulu. A uSeraphim Znamenskii wayebone nje entshisekweni George, okwenza uyibanga at echibini Nikolskoye. Waya embhedeni ekamelweni lakhe, abafowethu ngiphuphe ukufunda mayelana nomsebenzi omuhle.

I impumelelo lokuqala

Ukuvela Znamensky kwezemidlalo eyayingavamile impela. Kwathi ngehlobo lika-1932. Abasebenzi futhi abasebenzi ibhizinisi "Hammer Sickle" wahlanganyela ukulethwa kwezinkambiso GTO. Esinye sezihloko ezihlanganisayo ayezama ukumbalekela ku 1000 metres. Serafim noGeorge ngakho ngokushesha unqobe ibanga ukuthi Ijaji alizange ukholwa ukuthi isitophuwashi, namehlo ami. Ukuziphindiselela by Lokho kwakha ukungathembani, abafowethu waphinda wathatha ekuqaleni wagijima ngokushesha ngisho.

Ukuhlolwa yokuqala enkulu ngenxa uSeraphim wahileleka ezinhlanganweni ebaleka eya Gorky Prize. Inombolo ephelele abasubathi ukuncintisana ifinyelele kwekhulu. Znamenskii wabalekela ijubane ezivamile siqu njengoba ekuqeqesheni e Green Sloboda, sabe St Nicholas. Abasubathi waqala e Khimki wawela entanjeni ku Tverskaya ngesikhathi Central Telegraph Office. Ubhiya ukuzwa, ngoba imizuliswano we uSeraphim Malyaeva (iqhawe yezwe). Kodwa okungalindelekile kwenzekile - I-amamitha 300 ngaphambi sekugcineni Znamenskii udidekile futhi baguqulelwa alley. Lapho nomsubathi waqaphela iphutha yakhe, wabizwa sekwephuzile - Maljaev useqede ibanga. Kodwa bonke abagijimi nabalandeli ihalalisele saqala ukubikezela yimpumelelo ngalo mdlalo.

edluliselwe

Ngempela, ngokuba abazalwane konke isiqala nje. Uma uSeraphim kwadingeka ukuba esikhundleni George onesifo nethimba lakhe "Hammer Sickle." Umqeqeshi Chulitsky ukuthi sebekubeke kuqhathaniswa. Kodwa George isinqumo ukukholisa Umqeqeshi, ngilandisa pair yabo iziphambano phakathi eMoscow Nikolsky. Futhi Znamenskii waxoxa isikhathi lapho bakwazi zikufice imoto. Okokuqala Yiqiniso, ngineminyaka engu emotweni phambili, bese wabe yephuka injini, futhi abazalwane, umshayeli wakhomba isandla sakhe, baqhubeka isiphambano sakhe. Umqeqeshi azange bakholwe, bese namanje bavumelana. Futhi akazange ukuzisola ngesinqumo sakhe. Ngokusho imiphumela uhlanga Chulitsky waqaphela ukuthi uSeraphim Znamenskogo Izinto eziseqhulwini empilweni baba athletics. Edluliselwe 10 × 1000 amamitha ukuthi iwine kuphela sibonga ithalenta le nsizwa. Kamuva Chulitsky izikhathi eziningi adunyiswe Znamensky nabanye abasubathi. Wakhuluma iziphambano zazo ka Nikolskoye e Moscow, ku umsebenzi onzima futhi akukho umsebenzi ngaphansi kucindezela ngemva kwalo. Chulitsky Znamensky kuthathwa njengesibikezelo stayers ozalwa.

Ukunqoba namarekhodi

Nikolsky owawuqondene uGeorge uSeraphim umndeni. Baze wathenga kwesigamu indlu Aleksandry Efimovny. Ngokushesha ngafika inhlokodolobha umfowabo omdala Sergei nomkhaya wakhe. Serafim noGeorge wakhala egumbini elisophahleni nomndeni. ngokushesha Sergey wathatha umsebenzi wokuba ofundisayo imfundo ngokomzimba.

Ngo-1933, uSeraphim baba iqhawe USSR. Wakwazi ukusebenzisa 3000 metres ngokushesha kunokuba imizuzu 9. Ngemva konyaka, Znamensky weza impumelelo enkulu nakakhulu. Bavula amarekhodi eziyisithupha yezwe futhi wenza kathathu ukunqoba kabili ubuqhawe kazwelonke. USeraphim wathatha igolide at amabanga 1500, 5000 no-10,000 amamitha. A Georgy ithole esiliva.

udumo International

Ngo-February 1935, iphephandaba "L'Humanite 'eParis ihlelwe i cross ngamazwe. Znamenskie waya imincintiswano eqenjini i-USSR. Le nkundla, inezinkulungwane ezingamashumi 30 izibukeli abazalwane iwine at ibanga 8 km ukunqoba kabili. Eyokuqala mjaho awela ngisho uSeraphim, futhi emva kwakhe - George. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, baze okuphindaphindiwe impumelelo yabo e Paris, kodwa at ibanga 9.4 km. Buka isiqalo esisha wayesenze amaphutha bahlangana ayizinkulungwane 60 abathandi nemidlalo. Futhi ngo-1938, Serafim noGeorge inqobe double okwesithathu. French, ekuthandeni amakhono abo, nime unqamule izwe uhlanga "L'Humanite" Znamensky Brothers umklomelo.

Amarekhodi kanye nemiklomelo

Kusukela ngo-1933 kuya ku-1940 amaqhawe lesi sihloko izikhathi 7 baba abawinile nezikhathi 11 iwine Championships wase-USSR. Abafowethu bamisa amarekhodi 24 kulo mjaho ngabanye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, George isibe iqhawe eU.SSR ngo edluliselwe 4 x 1500 m. Znamenskie ngamisa eziningana impumelelo zonke-union ku Moscow "Spartak". Ikakhulu, i-edluliselwe 10 x 1000 m. Abazalwane abaningi babe abadlali kuqala abahlomulisiwe aphakeme isimo imiklomelo.

Znamenskie kwakungamadodana abasubathi eziqine, hhayi kuphela ezweni lakubo. Imiphumela ababeziphethe ngayo yayibonisa ukuthi zingabantu phakathi kwabagijimi kakhulu eYurophu futhi emhlabeni wonke. Uma bekungelona inqubomgomo ye-USSR, ngabe kade owabeke amarekhodi emhlabeni e ithrekhi futhi inkambu imincintiswano international. Znamensky angakaze ithuba akhulume Championships European futhi iMidlalo Yama-Olympic. Nakuba eSoviet Union kwakungelona ilungu IAAF, njengoba ayiboni inhlangano. Futhi iqhaza imincintiswano olusemthethweni ayengakwenza abasubathi kuphela kabani emazweni ayingxenye inhlangano wezizwe athletics.

Ukufunda

Ngo-1936, iphupho zagcwaliseka abazalwane eyodwa ngaphezulu - bathatha kuya Medical Institute (eMoscow). Baye ngempumelelo ke ngo-1941. Ngeshwa, njengoba Znamenskie abasubathi akakwazanga iqhaza ubuqhawe zaleli zwekazi. Kodwa George ngo-1946 (uSeraphim wayeseshonile) baya Championships European ekhatsi Oslo njengoba abasubathi udokotela ithimba wase-USSR.

impi

Came ngo-1941, yashintsha isiphetho ngabantu abaningi. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuqala izimpi lempi ukuhlela ehlukile esinenjini sokuzingela lamabutho (OMSBON). Umyalo nekubeka lithathe abasubathi Soviet abadumile nezikhulu kweminyango ka Dzerzhinsk, eyayisekelwe ku St Nicholas. Serafim noGeorge awazange alinde izimemo ngokwabo bafika ibhodi okusalungiswa. Baye exhunywe Brigade Medical eshiwo ngenhla. Kukhona abafowethu base bekhonza impi.

ukufa

Ngo-May 1942, uSeraphim wathola incwadi, eyabika ukushona kukamama wakhe Anfisa Ivanovna. Lezi zindaba esemncane buhlungu okukhulu. Ngosuku olufanayo wazibulala. Futhi ngemva kweminyaka emine, George wabulawa umdlavuza isisu. Abantu-Legend kwesokunxele leli zwe, kodwa ngeke amagama abo lakhohlwa. Ingxenye ke kugqugquzelwa uyahlonishwa of George uSeraphim nemincintiswano yonyaka.

Znamensky Brothers Memorial

Lo mqhudelwano okokuqala inkumbulo amaqhawe lesi sihloko senzeka ngo-July 1949. Khona-ke, at ibanga 1 500 amamitha iwine Alexander Pugachevsky, futhi ngezinye 5000 amamitha iwine Nikifor Popov. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi Popov ezine futhi sekusele izinsukwana nje mncintiswano lithuthukile zokugcina irekhodi zonke-union okuqondene Znamensky. impumelelo yabo at ibanga 5000 amamitha eyathatha kakhulu ngendlela 9 ubudala.

Okokuqala Memorial Znamensky senzeka ngoJulayi 1958. Imincintiswano yayiqhutshelwa ngokugcwele, ngaphandle izenzakalo kuhlangene, edluliselwe izinhlanga marathon egijima. Bagubha Unyaka Wekhulu Serafim noGeorge efika abasubathi abasuka emazweni 10. Esikhathini esizayo, lezi zenzakalo ezivele zenzeke nomthelela yomhlal awonke athletics ikhalenda futhi waqala ukuba afeze ngokonyaka. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi Znamensky Memorial wanikeza sokuqala ezemidlalo angaphezu kwelilodwa isizukulwane abagijimi. Phakathi abawinile lezi imincintiswano kukhona abasubathi obhalisiwe abasuka emazweni 50, kuhlanganise ama-Olympic eminyakeni ezahlukene - Rut Fuks, Krepkina Ukholo, u-Irena Krishenshteyn, Yanis Lusis, Yuzef Shmidt, uPetru Bolotnikov, uVictor Saneev, Valery Brumel, Kipchogo Keino, Livio Berruti nabanye .

Ngo-1961 eMoscow (Sokolniki) uvuliwe athletics inkundla Znamensky. Sise isikole-Olympic reserve kwathiwa njalo waqaphela njengoba best ezemidlalo izikhungo ezweni. Phakathi abathweswe iziqu kwakhona impela Amaqhawe ezimbalwa futhi Amaqhawe emhlabeni, isibonelo: L. Zavyalov (4 x 400 m), Polyakov (eziyisithupha), O. Theological (4 x 100 m), P. Bochkarev (eziyisithupha), A. Biryukov ( gxuma kathathu), A. Loginov (800 m), L. Nikitin (zonke-azungeze), M. Shennikov (ukuhamba), D. Bogryanov (ubude), Pavlov () eziyisithupha, N. Lisovskaya (core), P. Bolotnikov (10,000 m) kanye nabanye abaningi. Ngesikhathi 2008 Olympics e-Beijing, iqembu Russian bekukhona nabafundi ezinhlanu esikoleni.

isiphetho

Life Serafim noGeorge - Yindaba sokusinda nokulwa indawo yakhe ngu yezabasebenzi nokuzinikela. Kuphela ngenxa lokhu baye zathola imiphumela ophumelela kangaka. Isiphetho uGeorge uSeraphim kuyinto feat, noma ngendlela yakudala Soviet zokuphila. amagama abo immortalized inkundla eMoscow abafowabo Znamensky, saminyaka yonke, kanye namarekhodi eziningi kusungulwa.