Abakwamanye amazwe - umbaleki, amambuka noma umane yisisulu sezimo?

Fly nyaka, iplanethi uyaqhubeka ukuhamba kwayo, ngisho amazwekazi ku ukunyakaza njalo. Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngoba izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezindwangu ezingaba imithetho yemvelo lapho uqobo. Yini engase ishiwo lesi simanga empilweni kwesintu amazwe ngamunye, ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe.

Abakwamanye amazwe - ubani lo?

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nolwazi zonke umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama, kubalulekile ukuqonda incazelo. Ngakho uyini ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe futhi ubani abo ayizifiki? Kuyinto izakhamuzi abafisa ngokuzimela bathuthe kusukela kwelinye izwe. Ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe, ngokungafani kuya izenzakalo ngenhla echazwe, okubangelwa hhayi imithetho yemvelo. Yena nomfowabo - wezifiki (ungayididanisi le miqondo emibili, zingabantu okuphambene ngokuphelele incazelo), kwenzeka ngenxa ezihlukahlukene ezinye izizathu, ezifana ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu zezombusazwe, impi, amazinga abampofu emphakathini nasemnothweni ephilayo, engokwemvelo kanye izinhlekelele ezenziwe umuntu, kokuhlanganiswa umndeni , izingxabano zobuzwe nezenkolo, nokunye. d.

Omunye akufanele ukudida laba bantu nge ababaleki (labo washintsha yokuhlala endaweni isimo esifanayo). Abakwamanye amazwe - indoda asibahambeli ngaphakathi ezweni, njengoba kwaba njalo endabeni engenhla, futhi bewela umngcele isimo, ngamanye amazwi, becabangela okungale kwalokho-ke.

Ezinye amagama

Nge ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe elithi buhlobene futhi eziningi Ngamanye amazwi, amagugu okukuvumela ukuqonda ngokujulile okushiwo inqubo. Ungaqala nge igatsha isayensi, sibonga esinakho ulwazi ukuthuthukiswa noma eziya ziba zimbi lomkhuba sisuke sicabanga. Kumayelana migratsiologii.

Ngokusho kwakhe, e-abavela kwamanye amazwe elithi (kuba aphume ezweni) uhlobo antonym, definition, okuphambene linencazelo: i-abavela kwamanye amazwe. Lokhu umuntu, kunalokho, ukungena kuleli zwe. Lokho, umuntu ekhetha esimweni esithile njengoba yokuhlala yayo entsha unomphela.

Liphinde ehambisana nomqondo ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe Phinda ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe, okusho ukubuya "wendodana yolahleko" (abakwamanye amazwe) kuleli lizwe lapho wathutha. Izici ezibangela lesi simanga, ngokuvamile ukwenza ngcono isibonelo, isimo izici zezombangazwe, zenhlalo nezomnotho noma, kwemvelo. Konke kuhamba kahle, isimo esibucayi ukuthi phezu, kungani hhayi abuyele ezweni lenkaba yawo?

Omunye izinqubo ezibalulekile Ziningi ukwenzani ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe, noma uma sikubeka ngokuqondile, ingenye imikhakha yayo, kuthutha - iyona ukufika kuleli zwe, ekungafanele kube lapho kwazalelwa khona indoda, kodwa kwake kwaba ukuthi okhokho bakhe.

ababaleki zezombusazwe

Esinye sezizathu esiyinhloko ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe kukhona okokuqala kwezithelo zonke izici zezombangazwe. Inombolo kwabokufika okunjalo akukhona enkulu kangaka, kodwa umuntu ephoqeleka ukuba ashiye izindlela izwe lokuzalwa kwakhe, kufanele sizame ukuba mnandi, wena ubona kanjani? Sencazelo "ababaleki zezombusazwe" kuthiwa kubangelwa umuntu usephoqeleke ukuba ashiye izwe lawo ngenxa inkolo, ubuhlanga, zezombusazwe, lombhalo ukucindezela nokushushisa, kodwa futhi ngenxa yobuzwe ziyingozi imibono nokunye.

Ababaleki edume kakhulu kwezepolitiki, abangenamakhaya ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene ukushiya izwe lakubo, zazimi kanje:

• AV slavi - bangaphambili iphoyisa le-KGB, futhi kamuva e-FSB Russia, wagxeka Russian isimo mode futhi uqondise inqubomgomo V. Putina. Wayelethwa anikezwe ukukhoseliswa ezombusazwe eBrithani.
• BA Berezovsky - isimo nezombusazwe waseRussia sibalo, usomabhizinisi, owanikela bethuthele e-United Kingdom ngenxa excitation amasethi amacala obugebengu mayelana namacala okukhwabanisa, ngomzamo ukugumbuqela umbuso, zemali, lapho amukelwa ukukhoseliswa ezombusazwe.
• E. Snowden - othile owayeyisekela CIA op ne-US NSA eye anikezwe ukukhoseliswa zesikhashana Russian Federation ngokuqondene amacala ngokukhwabanisa kwempahla isimo, kanye ubunhloli.

zithuthele muva nje

Kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo izifiki khona, futhi lokhu subtype kuyinto abavela kwamanye amazwe zesikhashana - kukhona izakhamuzi ezishiya amakhaya azo ziye futhi bathuthele yokuhlala unomphela ezifundeni engumakhelwane. On izibonelo ugqamise amabili eqembu kunazo owaziwa zalabo bantu, njengamanje ekwazi ngokuvamile ukuzwa ezindabeni. Oholela izikhundla matasa kwabokufika lezivakashi USA - abantu zithuthele United States elibuya enarheni eNyakatho Melika naseMelika Ephakathi, kanye (ngenxa yesimo samanje), ababaleki abavela ezifundeni empumalanga naseningizimu ye-Ukraine, ngokushesha ezihambayo eRussia. Izizathu abahluke. Uma yibo abeza kuwe kuqala ukuze isimo eliphansi kakhulu ngokwezimali, namaqembu amaningana of Ukraine zivame Insimu Russian Federation ngenxa zinqobe Kwagqashuka.

ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe Intellectual

Ngaphansi ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe bokusungula (ngamanye amagama, abakhwabanisi ubuchopho) Kushiwoni Ukuhamba abantu imfundo ephakeme, master, neziqu zobudokotela wena kwamanye amazwe. sokuhamba okunjalo kungenxa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene izici, okungase zibonelo: udumo eliphansi kakhulu isimo usosayensi kuleli zwe; nengqalasizinda enganele ngokomzimba, ivimbe kungenzeka ukutholakala; izici ezihlukahlukene zezombangazwe; ukwesekwa okuncane zezimali, kanye amaholo aphansi, njll ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe, efana lo mqondo Expat - .. lena akuyona irekhodi best kwanoma yiliphi ilizwe. ezingeni layo imibukiso, ngomqondo ongokoqobo, abantu outflow ezivela ezweni, okusho ukuthi akukho ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo efanelekayo kubo. ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe Iningi bokusungula othambekele Emazweni asathuthuka, isibonelo, zamazwe ayengaphansi European, etholakala emsebenzini waseMpumalanga naseNingizimu Asia, nase-Afrika. Igama elithi "kanzima" futhi, ngeshwa, osebenza ku eziningana emazweni wangaphambili sezenhlalo kubekwe phakathi eMpumalanga Yurophu.

ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe Russian

Ukuhamba kusuka endaweni njengoba kusho elaliyiSoviet neRussia sethu futhi kubuye indawo, futhi, ngokungafani nezinye izifundazwe, le nqubo zingahlukaniswa zibe ukusakaza ezine (wave). Okokuqala waphawula phakathi nangemva kulwiwa eRussia. Omunye abokufika edume kakhulu kulesi sikhathi babe ezifana nosaziwayo isayensi art V K. Zvorykin, F. I. Shalyapin, N. O. Lossky, NA Berdyaev nabanye. Igagasi lesibili kwenzeka ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Ukusakaza yesithathu kwabokufika libhekisela izikhathi "impi yomshoshaphansi", okungukuthi iminyaka 50-90. Igagasi lesine lavela esikhathini lokubola wase-USSR. It kwakuhambisana nezinga umehluko ukubukwa zezombusazwe, kanye zesikhashana eziya ziba zimbi indinganiso kwezehlalakuhle nomnotho ophilayo. Ngesikhathi sigaba samanje kusadingeka inkinga ka outflow lalolo hlanga, ikakhulukazi ososayensi ezivelele futhi abaneziqu zaseyunivesithi.