Abakhishwa inyumbazane eNdiya: incazelo, umlando kanye ezithakazelisayo amaqiniso

Abakhishwa inyumbazane eNdiya - into ukuthi kungenziwa ayitholakalanga iliphi elinye izwe emhlabeni. Oluvelayo endulo, lombhalo division of umphakathi ukhona kuleli zwe manje. Izinga aphansi e sabaphathi kuthatha abakhishwa inyumbazane, eyayihlanganisa 16-17% wesibalo sabantu. Amalungu ayo eyakha "phansi" emphakathini wamaNdiya. Isakhiwo lombhalo - umbuzo eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa namanje zama ukuba asikhanyisele ezinye zezici zawo.

Isakhiwo lombhalo emphakathini Indian

Naphezu nobunzima recreating ephelele isithombe isakhi castes esikhathini eside esidlule, sisengakwazi ukwaba ngokomlando Iqembu eNdiya. Ezinhlanu kuzo.

Iqembu eliphakeme (Varna) Brahmins kuhlanganisa abasebenzi bakahulumeni, abanikazi bamazwe ezinkulu kanye nezincane, abapristi.

Okulandelayo iyona Kshatriya Varna, lombhalo, ezazihlanganisa lempi kanye nabalimi -. Radzhaputy, Jats, Marathas, kunbi, Reddy, isetshenziswa, njll Ezinye zazo akha stratum amakhosi asendulo, elimalungu alo kamuva ubuyise emazingeni aphansi futhi phakathi ekilasini amakhosi asendulo.

La maqembu amabili alandelayo (vaisyas futhi Sudras) zihlanganisa phakathi futhi aphansi lombhalo abalimi, izikhulu, ababazi, izinceku umphakathi.

Ekugcineni, iqembu yesihlanu. Lihlanganisa izinceku lombhalo umphakathi kanye nabalimi, zibancishe zonke izinhlobo amalungelo nobunikazi kanye nokusetshenziswa komhlaba. Zibizwa ngokuthi ama-abakhishwa inyumbazane.

"India," "abakhishwa inyumbazane" - imiqondo ukuthi atehlukaniseki nomunye umfanekiso umphakathi wezwe lonke. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ezweni nge isiko lasendulo uyaqhubeka ukuhlonipha amasiko nemikhuba amadlozi esigabeni sika-abantu ngokuvumelana imvelaphi yabo futhi nakunoma yisiphi lombhalo.

Umlando ukuvela abakhishwa inyumbazane

I lombhalo aphansi e-India - untouchable - ukubukeka kwabo aphoqelelwe ukuba izinqubo zomlando ezenzeka Ephakathi esifundeni. Ngalezo zinsuku, India yanqotshwa izizwe namandla futhi ophucukile xaxa. Ngokwemvelo, abahlaseli bafika ezweni kokugqilazwa yayo yabantu bomdabu, olungiselwe kuye indima izinceku.

Ukuze inyumbazana ngenxa amaNdiya bazinza nemizana ekhethekile eyakhelwe eceleni ngohlobo ghetto yesimanje. bangaphandle Civilized babengavunyelwe aboMdabu kumphakathi wakho.

Kusolwa ukuthi inzalo kulezi zizwe kamuva akha lombhalo we abakhishwa inyumbazane. Kuhlanganisa abalimi nezinceku umphakathi.

Nokho, namuhla igama elithi "untouchable 'siye sathathelwa indawo ngomunye -". Abacindezelwe "" Dalits ", okusho Kukholakala ukuthi "abakhishwa inyumbazane" umsindo udelela.

Njengoba abantu baseNdiya banomoya bangasebenzisa kakhulu igama elithi "Jati", hhayi "ukusakaza" Inombolo yabo kunzima ukunquma. Nokho Dalits ingahlukaniswa nge umsebenzi kanye nendawo yokuhlala.

I abakhishwa inyumbazane bukhoma

I castes ezivame kakhulu Dalits ezibhekwa Chamars (tanners), Dhobi (wezingubo) futhi baba yimilahlelwangaphandle. Uma castes ezimbili zokuqala abe uhlobo umsebenzi, lo baba yimilahlelwangaphandle zibukhoma ngezithukuthuku zabasebenzi abangenamakhono - ukuthekelisa imfucuza, yokuhlanza nokugeza izindlu zangasese.

Heavy futhi ezingcolile umsebenzi - sinjalo isiphetho abakhishwa inyumbazane. Khona kwanoma isiphi ziqu ebalethela behola imali encane, okuvumela nje ukuze siziphilise.

Nokho, phakathi abakhishwa inyumbazane, kukhona amaqembu abantu phezulu castes, ezifana Hijra.

Ziyakwazi abameleli kulolo nalolo hlobo ezincane ngokocansi abahlanganyela ngomzimba encenga. Babuye ngokuvamile ababemenyelwe zonke izinhlobo namasiko enkolo, imishado zokuzalwa. Yiqiniso, leli qembu linamalungu ezimpilweni okungaphezulu kakhulu kwalokho okungakulahlekela umshuki untouchable noma washerwoman.

Kodwa onjalo ukuba khona ayikwazanga kodwa sivuse Dalits lokubhikisha.

Izikhalo Zomhlaba umzabalazo untouchable

Kwenzeka isimanga, lesi abakhishwa inyumbazane zange ajamelane abahlaseli emasimini emasikweni lombhalo division. Nokho, ekhulwini leminyaka elidlule kuze, isimo sesishintshile: i abakhishwa inyumbazane ngaphansi kobuholi Gandhi uhlaziyo umzamo wokuqala ukuba abhubhise eminyaka ngemibono.

Ingqikithi yalezi nezethulo kwaba ukuqwashisa umphakathi mayelana ukungalingani ka lombhalo eNdiya.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, le ndaba lenyuswa ngo Gandhi Ambedkar ezinye lombhalo Brahmin. Siyabonga kuye, Dalits babé untouchable. Ambedkar waqiniseka ukuthi athola quota yonke imisebenzi okhokhelwayo. Okungukuthi, kwenziwa umzamo ukuhlanganisa laba bantu emphakathini.

inqubomgomo yanamuhla ziyangqubuzana uhulumeni waseNdiya ngokuvamile kubangela liphambana untouchable.

Nokho, kuze kube ukuvukela is azifinyelelanga ngoba abakhishwa inyumbazane eNdiya - abathobekileyo kakhulu owenziwe umphakathi waseNdiya. I amahloni wakudala phambi kwezinye castes, egxilile in izingqondo zabantu, ivimbela zonke imicabango wokuhlubuka.

Inqubo kahulumeni ephathelene kanye Dalits eNdiya

Abakhishwa inyumbazane ... Life lombhalo olunzima eNdiya kubangelwa baqaphe ngisho impikiswano Indian kahulumeni, njengoba sikhuluma ngamasiko amaNdiya lasendulo.

Nokho ezingeni wombuso kuleli zwe uvinjelwe lombhalo ukubandlulula. Izenzo nokuthuka abameleli iyiphi lombhalo, yisono.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo sabaphathi lombhalo esigunyazwe umthethosisekelo wezwe. Okungukuthi, abangabantwana lombhalo untouchable eNdiya obonwa isimo, okubonakala kuwukuziphikisa sina kumgomo kahulumeni. Ngenxa yalokho, umlando wanamuhla lizwe eziningi izingxabano sina phakathi castes ezahlukene, ngisho ngaphakathi kubo.

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo nokuphila Dalits

Abakhishwa inyumbazane kukhona izindlu odelelekile kunazo zonke eNdiya. Nokho, ezinye izakhamuzi ziyahlanya wesabe Dalits.

Kukholakala ukuthi ummeleli lombhalo untouchable eNdiya uyakwazi ezingcolisa umuntu ovela lombhalo ezahlukene babe ngokubakhona kwazo. Uma Dalit ithinta izingubo Brahmana, lona wamuva uzodinga ngaphezu konyaka owodwa ukusula karma yabo kusukela ukusilaphazeka.

Kodwa untouchable (lombhalo South Indian afaka ubulungu yayo kokubili amadoda nabesifazane) kahle kungaba isihloko udlame locansi. Futhi kwakungekho desecration of karma kungenzeki ngesikhathi esifanayo njengoba amasiko Indian akuyona akuvumelekile.

Njengoba isibonelo, isigameko sakamuva e New Delhi, lapho eneminyaka engu-14 ubudala, lowo okonile untouchable ngenyanga aphethwe abe yisigqila socansi. Bengathokozile washonela esibhedlela, futhi abopha lowo okonile wadedelwa yinkantolo ngebheyili.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma untouchable eziphula emasikweni oyise, isibonelo, owayengalokotha zisebenzisa esidlangalaleni kahle emphakathini, abampofu alindele ukubhuqwa kuyo leyo ndawo.

Dalit - lokhu akulona isinqumo isiphetho

Abakhishwa inyumbazane e-India, naphezu izinqubomgomo kahulumeni, nokho uhlala engxenyeni empofu kakhulu nabahluphekile iningi labantu. Amaphesenti isilinganiso kokukwazi phakathi kwazo kancane kuka-30.

Isimo kungenxa ukuhlazeka wahlupheka izingane ezikoleni zalesi lombhalo. Ngenxa yalokho, i-Dalits ukufunda nokubhala abantu ingxenye enkulu abangasebenzi kuleli zwe.

Nokho, kukhona kilomlayo: kukhona abayizinjinga-30 - kuba Dalits. Yiqiniso, kuba encane uma eqhathaniswa abakhishwa inyumbazane kwezigidi ezingu-170. Kodwa leli qiniso libonisa ukuthi Dalit - akuyona isiphetho umusho.

Isibonelo kungaba ukuphila Ashoka khadi, okuqondene lombhalo we tanners. The guy wasebenza docker usuku, futhi ebusuku yafunda tutorials ukuba ngama-engineer. Okwamanje, inkampani yakhe kwenza amadili namarandi angamakhulu ezigidi zamarandi namuhla.

Futhi ke kukhona ithuba ukuphuma Dalit lombhalo - ushintsho inkolo.

UbuBuddha, ubuKristu, ubuSulumane - ukholo lwanoma imuphi okutholakele lobuchwepheshe kumuntu untouchable. Lokhu kuqala asetshenziswe ngasekupheleni XIX leminyaka, futhi ngo-2007, nje abayizinkulungwane 50. Abantu bamukela nobuBuddha.