Yimiphi imibuzo ephendulwa futhi esithi tandziso

Izazi zolimi ungenalo umbono ocacile mayelana nokuthenga cabanga gerund futhi esithi ezingxenyeni ezihlukene yokukhuluma noma nje ekhethekile isimo sesenzo. Noma kunjalo, kokubili ngokuqinile exhunywe ne isenzo morphologically umqondo. Inani enquma ukuthi imibuzo iphendulwa nge isakramente, futhi gerund.

iSidlo

Le ngxenye inkulumo akuyona izici ngamazwi kuphela, kodwa futhi izimpawu Isiphawulo. Izazi zolimi ukunikeza izincazelo ezahlukene wenhlanganyelo. UProfesa A. M. Peshkovsky liwubiza ngokuthi ingxenye okuxubile yokukhuluma, VV Vinogradov libhekisela isakramente hybrid ifomu ngamazwi-adjectival ehlanganisa ngokucacile isenzo nge izici i isiphawulo. ISidlo, njengoba isiphawulo kubonisa imfanelo into, kodwa hhayi elula, kodwa uphawu isenzo, okwenza kube efana isenzo.

ISidlo Yimiphi imibuzo ephendulwa

Njengoba lokhu kuwuphawu isihloko (Nokho esenzweni), isakramente libhekene umbuzo: Yini (-S, -S, -ie)? ISidlo iDemo Liphendula imibuzo: Yini? lokho?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi esithi lokho izici morphological ngofuzo sesenzo, futhi yini - Isiphawulo. Ake sizwe ukuthi yini imibuzo ephendulwa iSidlo asebentisa tindlela letehlukene nokusetshenziswa kolimi.

izimpawu Verbal iSidlo

Njengoba nesenzo esithi ine uhlobo, ukubuya, isikhathi, emfushane futhi ugcwalise ifomu e izwi yekwentiwa.

ISidlo kungaba zinhlobo ephelele futhi abangaphelele: eqhugwaneni log / wagawula isebe.

ISidlo non-okubuyisekayo futhi okubuyisekayo: asekelayo iqiniso / begijima ngejubane.

Wenhlanganyelo lisetjenziswe amahlandla amabili kuphela - samanje nesikhatsi lesengcile: a ukudlala ingane / ukudlala i-violin.

participles yangempela izimpambosi

Kuye yini noma cha into ngokwayo yenza isenzo noma wamukela isenzo lomunye into noma umuntu iSidlo izigaba ezimbili: yekwentiwa.

wenhlanganyelo Real Liphendula imibuzo: Yini (-S, -S, -ie)? Okwakushiwo ke - ukuveza isihloko uphawu, okuyinto engoyedwa owenza isenzo. (Isibonelo: Abafundi itshalwe larch, ukunakekela komtamariske).

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi real, okwamanje esithi okulandelayo tijobelelo zilotshiwe: -asch- (-yasch-) -usch- (-yusch-). Isikhathi sokugcina lezi Imishado zilotshiwe nge -vsh- isijobelelo, -sh-. (Izibonelo: ebalulekile, ukufunda, esiwuhogelayo engaphansi, ukufunda, wayephatha.)

esithi Passive aphendule imibuzo efanayo ngempela, futhi bamele inkomba isihloko ngaphansi isenzo yomunye. (Isibonelo: Larch itshalwe guys wabanjwa kahle.)

Nakhu ukuthi ukubhala stradat tijobelelo. participles: -nn-, -enn-, -om- (-em-) -im-, -m-. (Izibonelo ezithwalwa efundekayo, engaphansi, ufunde, loluhlangene, wageza).

Izwi ungawusebenzisi kutholakala futhi ephelele, nemihlatshelo sikubeke. Yimiphi imibuzo ephendulwa ngayo? Lena: ini? lokho? lokho? futhi yini? (Izibonelo: otshalwe ngasemifudlaneni zesikole, juice odakiwe izolo, ihembe efekethisiwe esiphikeni, Imifino endaweni engadini.)

Izimpawu ze-isiphawulo e iSidlo

Njengoba i isiphawulo, esithi uyakwazi ishintsha izinombolo, lokuzalwa futhi iyunifomu egcwele - amacala. ngeke kube nzima ukunquma ukuthi imibuzo iphendulwa esithi esetshenziswa endabeni ethile Kukhona. izibonelo:

• icala nominative: (? A) indoda ukucabanga, ezincwadini (? lokho) Ehlanganisiwe enezinto zokubhala.
• Genitive: indoda (? Lokho) Ngicabanga amanothibhuku (iyiphi?) Abhaliwe.
• Umenziwa ongaqondene ngqo nomlandi: indoda (? Lokho) Ngicabanga amanothibhuku (kanjani?) Ingabe olotshiwe.
• Umenziwa wesenzo: womuntu ngicabanga, ezincwadini (ini?) Ehlanganisiwe enezinto zokubhala (ini?).
• Instrumental: indoda (? Lokho) Ngicabanga incwajana (ini?) Abhaliwe.
• Prepositional: umuntu ngicabanga mayelana amanothibhuku (iyiphi?) Abhala (Yini?).

Izici zokuloba ongumsolwa inzuzo

ISidlo, lapho kukhona izwi engaphansi kuyinto participial. Ima ngaphandle ukhefane uma kukhona emva izwi ukuthi ichaza ke. (Isibonelo: Oak ezikhulayo engenabantu ethafeni, u mina beacon.)

Participial kudinga amakhoma, uma itholakala phambi amazwi belinganisa. (Isibonelo: Alone ezikhula-oki ethafeni kwangiduduza beacon.)

Syntactical isici iSidlo

Le ngxenye inkulumo ngokuvamile ukhonza isiphakamiso njengoba incazelo. "Nokuzwelana" ne isenzo esithi ukwakheka bakwazi ukunikela ingxenye isilandiso kuyiqiniso, kumane ifomu esifushane isakramente etholakalayo. A participial, okuyinto isakhiwo indivisible, unikele zonke lonke eyilungu iziphakamiso ngokuvamile kungaba yinoma yiliphi ilungu yesibili.

esithi

Le ngxenye inkulumo kungenziwa ezimise ukuchaza esithi indlela esebenzayo (Dea + esithi). Imibuzo yakhe zifana imibuzo tento, kunokuba kube kumuntu isiphawulo, njengasezulwini isakramente. Umsebenti gerundive - selisho isinyathelo ezingeziwe kuyatholakala isenzo ikakhulukazi lubonakaliswa. Singasho ukuthi ihlobisa isenzo gerund: ". Intombazane ibihamba zibuka izihlahla ekwindla" Kule ngxenye inkulumo ahlalisane izici isenzo isandiso. Nge esithi isenzo ezivamile yokuthi kuba yansukuzonke, has kwezinhlobo ephelele futhi akaphelele. Ukufana ne isandiso is owawusekelwe nokungaguquguquki yayo.

Imibuzo ebuzwa kuya gerund

Emabito uhlobo ephelele baveze ephelele umthelela ezengeziwe, futhi kuhilelani umbuzo ke "ukwenzani na?". (Izibonelo Ukudlala ipiyano, a ubhontshisi :. baklebhula igatsha) akhiwa, bavamise kukhuluma ekunqandeni yefomu ephelele kwekusebentisa, ukuze zazo wanezela suffixed morpheme Lokudlulisa, -vshi, -shi. Ngezinye izikhathi emabito izikhova. uhlobo akhiwa stem tento lesitako wayesesebenzisa -a isijobelelo (s).

Emabito uhlobo abangaphelele bezwakalisa umthelela ezengeziwe, okuyinto namanje sisekhona, it is hhayi kuqeda. Ngakho umbuzo: lokho akwenzayo?. (Izibonelo Ukudlala ipiyano, a ubhontshisi, intambo edwengula :.) Lesi sigaba emabito is kudalwe ngokungeza base tento kude futhi abangaphelele ifomu Isijobelelo -a (s). Isijobelelo -uchi esiza ukudala gerund Nesov. zinhlobo kusukela Isenzo "ukuba": nenhlalakahle.

Iphumuti isici esithi tandziso ukuthi njalo ivelele kokunikelwayo ukhefane. Ngaphandle ungakwazi kuphela ziyobiza labo emabito, okuyinto bangena isandiso, kulesi simo basuke ibekwe emva isenzo ehilela umbuzo: kanjani?. (Isibonelo: Abantu ababebukela athule.)

kushushunjiswa participial

Gerund plus izwi engaphansi - ngomlomo esithi imishwana. On the ngencwadi athi, njengoba gerund olulodwa, njalo imele ukhefane. Okuhlukile ngamazwi esithi imishwana abaye baba phraseology. (Isibonelo: umsebenzi Roll up emkhonweni.)

indima Syntactic e emabito njalo okufanayo - esimweni.

Sithole ukuthi imibuzo iphendulwa futhi esithi gerund, futhi wabona ezinye izingxenye ethile yokukhuluma athwale lezi zinto kwetinhlobo letikhetsekile sesenzo.