"Wonke amalungelo agodliwe": kusho ukuthini? Ukuvikelwa kwamalungelo okuloba

Ngaphansi kwe-copyright umthetho kusho isimiso amalungelo empahla umbhali, sibonga umsebenzi umkhiqizo kwakhiwa kabani zokudala emkhakheni izincwadi zezinkondlo, isayensi emikhakheni ehlukene yobuciko. Ngakho, liyini imele inkulumo ethi "i-copyright"?

Copyright kanye nokusabalalisa umqondo

Manje inkulumo ethi "i-copyright" njengoba i-ebalulekile okuyingxenye angena ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke. Bayanda, lapho sizwa inkulumo ethi "wonke amalungelo agodliwe", futhi izinhlobo ezahlukene imikhiqizo ivikelwe yi-copyright, kule bhizinisi, hlala bakha ingxenye enkulu yabamemezeli ke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, manje ebhekene nalezi izinhlobo lokusungula, okuyinto namanje neminyaka engamashumi amabili edlule Kwakungafanele ngisho bazi. Ngakho kusukela osekushiwo ukuthi ukubaluleka elikhulayo nomqondo we-copyright zingachazwa ngezinqubo ukwanda abalulekile nobukhulu bayo. Noma kunalokhu kuvikeleka kwezomthetho ngenxa yamafomu amasha bobuchule ombangela kulethe exchange asebenzayo elwati, yebo, kukhuphuke emnothweni-copyright.

Iyini i-copyright

Okunqumayo eziningi ezahlukeneyo copyright: bangaba nobuhlobo naye babe nokuphathelene hhayi; okukhethekile hhayi. Ukuze umuntu unamalungelo okukhethekile, ivikelwe kuphela ithuba axhaphaze umsebenzi kanye nokusabalalisa umphakathi. It has unelungelo lokuvala ukusebenzelana umuntu uzosebenzisa imiphumela umsebenzi wabo siqu bokusungula - umsebenzi wakhe. Ngokuvamile okukhulunywa ngayo kulokhu ngembhali. Uma ungazange ubhalise inkontileka umbhali koqobo, okuyinto idluliselwe amalungelo akhethekile yabo kubanikazi abasha. Abantu abangofakazi esikhathini yokudala phakathi ilungelo akukhethekile uzonikezwa ithuba ukuyisebenzisa, uma fixed bodokotela. Umbhali kungaba ezolile, anakho wonke amalungelo agodliwe, umthetho inkontileka-copyright (uma azikho izinto ezinjalo) adluliswa akukhethekile. amalungelo Non-impahla plan yilezo ukhiphe ikhono ukukhiqiza abakwenzayo ne impahla, - kuthengwe, ukudayiswa, umnikelo, ukudluliswa.

Ezicashile ukubhaliswa kwe-copyright

A uhlobo ukuvikela empahla, angabizwa ngokuthi i-copyright. Lokhu iqoqo eqondile imithetho zomthetho okuhlotshaniswa ukudalwa nokusatshalaliswa kwemisebenzi isiko, isayensi, ubuciko. Injongo isifiso komlobi ukuvikela amalungelo yabo ukufakazela ukuthi esikhathini kokubhaliswa isihloko copyright ngesimo umgomo, kulesi simo, has wonke amalungelo agodliwe. Lapho sibhekene izimangalo wombhali futhi kukhona umbuzo ukuvikeleka kwe-copyright, izenzo ezinjalo uzibophezele ngaphambili, kungaba wusizo kakhulu.

Njengoba kuchazwe futhi bavikelwe ngumthetho we-copyright eRussia nakwamanye amazwe

Berne Convention for the Ukuvikelwa Works Literary kanye yobuciko yakhelwe uvikele ama-copyright kuwo wonke amazwe eziye ngemvume ke. Ngakho, ngaphansi kwesivikelo zalo imisebenzi zabhalwa izakhamuzi isiRashiya, akukhathaleki ukuthi aqhamuka kuphi kuleli zwe labetibambile ukubhaliswa kwabo, nokuthi kwenziwa ngaso sonke. Uma sikhuluma ukuvikeleka kwe-copyright ezingeni lomhlaba wonke jikelele-ke, njengoba eRussia, ukubhaliswa kungadingeki. Uma umlobi kuyadingeka nje neqiniso lokuthi bonke amalungelo agodliwe, njengoba ubufakazi bokuthi ngesikhathi sokubhaliswa komkhiqizo ngesimo inhloso, kubalulekile ukuqinisa zabhalwa Ababhali Russian yoBhuki. Nge-copyright ukuhambisana nezimo kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi uma ukuthethwa kwecala kufanele kwenziwe ngazo isimo lapho uzibophezele, ngokuhambisana nemithetho State.

isaziso se-copyright

Iqiniso lokuthi amalungelo avikelwe, ngokuvamile, ikakhulukazi izinsiza ezahlukene kunethiwekhi, libonisa uphawu ekhethekile "wonke amalungelo agodliwe." Wayevame wasebenzisa igama copyright umuntu enze. Khona-ke likhethe ngalowo nyaka, lapho impahla ishicilelwe, noma umkhawulo wesikhathi. Special isithombe sokuqhafaza elimelela ukuvikeleka kwe-copyright kuyinto incwadi Latin C, okuyinto ibekwe ngaphakathi esiyingini. Lokhu kukhetha ubangelwa yokuthi kuba luhlavu lolusekucaleni copyright IsiZulu elithi (Eng. Copyright, kusukela "ikhophi" ne "sekudla").

Lokho wonke amalungelo agodliwe sasemoyeni, kwesinye isikhathi kubika usebenzisa izinhlamvu C, ebiyelwe abakaki - (c).

Kufanele kuqashelwe, lokho kukodwa uphawu amalungelo ezengeziwe hhayi yakha. Ukuba khona kwakhe akuhlangene ne kwamalayisensi umsebenzi wokudala. Umbhalo «-copyright - Wonke Amalungelo Agodliwe" ubufakazi kuphela akunakungatshazwa copyright. Kunjengokungathi uthi okuqondene umbhalo noma umkhiqizo. Futhi okuphambene nalokho - uphawu non-ukuthunyelwa we ngokuphelele akusho ukuthi empahla okungavikelwe.

Ngokomthetho isiRashiya, copyright liyavela iqiniso wendalo. Ukuze senze ukuvikelwa kwe-copyright, akadingi yokubhalisa kuphoqelelwe khona noma obunye ubufakazi.

Imigomo kwesokudla kombhali ukusebenza

Ukuvela-copyright, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, it is kuhlobene nezinga Eqinisweni wendalo. umthetho Russian ayiqukethe indlela zokubhala ukwenza indlela yokuphepha-copyright nendalo. Umuntu wadala umsebenzi, umlobi uyavuma. It has: welungelo elikhethekile ukuze into, ilungelo ubunikazi, ilungelo igama ubuqotho emsebenzini, yanyatheliswa. Khombisa ukuthi wonke amalungelo agodliwe, umbhalo kanye nokwaziswa, sibonga ngalo kungenzeka ukuhlonza umbhali noma umphathi welungelo lobunikazi. Ngokuvamile, kungenziwa idatha efana ezitholakele ku ikhophi yokuqala umsebenzi. Zingase bufakwe nalokho, anganezelelwa noma kwenziwe kutholakale esidlangalaleni ngokusakazwa lemiyalezo nokukhuluma kanjalo emphakathini.

kwesokudla Umbhali sika uhlelo impahla

Lapho wonke amalungelo agodliwe ngumlobi livela eziningi amalungelo impahla yemvelo. Zingase engabuye ishicilelwe kabusha umsebenzi wakhe, + ongayiveza ukwenza emphakathini, ukungenisa, afeze ukusatshalaliswa nganoma iyiphi indlela elula ukudlulisa, ukwenza ukucutshungulwa, ukudluliswa kuwo wonke ukubona kuthelevishini, ukunikeza emoyeni ukusakaza. Umbhali the best ngokushesha ngemva kokudalwa umsebenzi ukuhlanganisa ubufakazi ukuthi ukhona umnini wayo ngaleso sikhathi. Esikhathini uma kwephulwa kuzosusa yonke imibuzo. Uma loku kungentiwa, futhi kukhona izimangalo wombhali, umdali kweqiniso bengathola ubufakazi ngenqubo ezifana sebethule. yi Its ngesitifiketi iqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kwamalungelo abalobi 'kuyi-Internet.