Vsevolod Mihaylovich Garshin Attalea princeps: isifinyezo

Omunye wabalobi edume kunazo Russian kwekhulu le-19 kuyinto Garshin. Attalea princeps angabizwa ngokuthi abalulekile iningi lemisebenzi yakhe. Lokhu inganekwane kakhulu efana imisebenzi Hans Christian Andersen, kodwa enezinto eziningi izici ejwayelekile ye lokusungula lembhali. Kushicilelwe ngo-1880, ke aye wasigcina ukubaluleka kwayo osukwini lwethu futhi likhona lwezifundo zesikole ezincwadini.

Kafushane mayelana kumbhali

Garshin, Attalea princeps okuyinto kunencazelo ejulile zefilosofi, naphezu lula okusobala elandisayo, kafushane ezibhaliwe futhi ngamafuphi. Lokhu indaba, kanye eminye imisebenzi umbhali, sibonga lubonakale isitayela layo eliyingqayizivele: inkimbinkimbi okusobala ukwakhiwa kanye nokusungulwa, ke edonsela abafundi kufanekisa yayo nezingathekiso. Ngaphezu izindaba, umbhali eloba futhi izindaba sina okukhulu owanikhipha isipiliyoni sabo siqu empini. Wayengumuntu ngokwemvelo indoda ka uvalo ebucayi, ngakho-ke kukhona izinhlamvu yakhe, engewona futhi umuzwa ikakhulukazi acute zokungabi nabulungisa futhi sizame ukulwa naso, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi imizamo yabo uyabhuntsha. Nokho, le misebenzi umbhali umsindo ukholo ngokunqoba ubunene leqiniso.

Ubunikazi kumbhali

Abaningi inganekwane umbhali Garshin wabhala. Attalea princeps - umkhiqizo okuhloswe hhayi ukuzijabulisa, kodwa emuva, njengoba kufakazelwa igama layo kakhulu, okuyinto ngokucacile hhayi eyenzelwe ukufunda okuphumuzayo. Ngokuvamile, umlobi wadala esinzulu futhi amadlingozi, ukuthi kubangelwe izimo zokuphila kanye nezimfanelo ezakhayo yakhe siqu. Ukuba ngokwemvelo indoda ka ebucayi kakhulu futhi abasengozini kakhulu, kuba acute ikakhulukazi wazizwa ukungabi khona kobulungisa kwezenhlalo ukuhlupheka kwabantu abavamile. Wanqotshwa kwemizwa kwenkathi futhi ndawonye nabanye abameleli umfundi intsha ngaleso sikhathi wabe umqondo umthwalo lezihlakaniphi ukuze abalimi. Izimo yokugcina kubangelwa yokuthi imisebenzi yakhe zihlukaniswa ubuhlakani okuqonda zomhlaba.

ukwakheka

Ifaka isandla esibalulekile ukusungulwa Russian inganekwane uhlobo wenza Garshin. Attalea princeps kungenziwa ngokuthi i-eseyi lephatselene imodeli kulesi sici, njengoba kafushane, ngamafuphi, ashukumisayo futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, egcwele incazelo ejulile zefilosofi. Ukwakheka umkhiqizo ulula, njengoba kuzo zonke ezinye izincwadi zakhe. Esethulweni umbhali uchaza greenhouse - olwenzeka endaweni lezinhlamvu: izitshalo nemithi, kanye bebhala indlela yabo yokuphila, wedlula kafushane ngilandisa esidlule ngamunye wabo. Umlobi inkinga libhekisela isici umlingisi protagonist, ubani engathandi abekezelele ukuba khona ejele, futhi uveza umehluko ngayo nezinye izakhamuzi zaseMpumalanga abamba ukushisa, okuyizinto ucishe ejwayele ekuthunjweni. Ikakhulukazi umvuthwandaba okuthakazelisayo benza emisebenzini yazo V M. Garshin. Attalea princeps kulesi sici yisibonelo onamandla, indaba ethokozisayo. The main semantic iphuzu kwemisebenzi isinqumo protagonist (entendeni) ngokuphelele ukushintsha isiphetho sabo futhi ukubalekela inkululeko, okuyinto kushabalele. Nokho, Ekupheleni emthini wesundu efa, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ekupheleni ezifana esidabukisayo umsebenzi isihloko inkululeko nothando wezwe, okwenza lo msebenzi ithandwe.

Isici umqondisi

amakhono Special ngomfanekiso izinhlamvu waba umbhali odumile VM Garshin. Attalea princeps kuyinto inganekwane lapho abalingiswa kokubili abantu izitshalo. Ekuqaleni ukuhlaziywa imisebenzi kufanele ukunikeza kafushane abantu ababili abadlala indima ebalulekile kwengoma. Sikhuluma umqondisi somculo, ezesayensi yezitshalo zezemfundo, abahambi Brazilian. Bobabili, kungathi kuyaphikisana kokubili ezweni kwawo kwangaphakathi, futhi maqondana umlingisi lomcoka. Eyokuqala wabo ekuqaleni njengomuntu ozikhandlayo uyayikhathalela kwezimo ezifanele kakhulu ukuba khona izitshalo zayo. Nokho, maduze nje kuvela ukuthi ingumuntu abandayo kanye soulless. Unendaba izitshalo, ngokuyinhloko njengezinto ucwaningo lwesayensi, engazizwa ukuhlupheka kwabo, nje beyidinga njengoba ziphephile ezibalulekile.

isihambi incazelo

Ukuhlaziywa yezinganekwane Garshina Attalea princeps kufanele siqhubeke sihlaziye isithombe Brazilian, abake wavakashela somculo kanye isundu kuphela obizwa ngegama lalo lamanje. Lokhu uhlamvu kunencazelo enkulu emsebenzini, ngoba umhlangano naye kwabangela umvuthwandaba inganekwane. Lapho Heroine wabona lokhu ngezebhizinisi futhi ngezwa ngaye siqu igama langempela, ke kuvuselelwe isifiso sabo osekukade ukuze bagqashule kulo mkhuba. Ngokungafani umqondisi, ubani akakwazi futhi bazizwa futhi baqonde izitshalo zabo, isihambi waseBrazil has onomusa futhi inhliziyo nozwela: kubantu kuphela ngizisole entendeni.

ku abamba ukushisa

Garshina Attalea princeps Indaba iqala lapho incazelo zokugcina Botanical, lapho usosayensi alinikezi izitshalo zakho. Futhi lapha futhi, zokungcebeleka umlobi uhlelo kokuqhathanisa: kuqala, wachaza somculo njengoba ingadi enhle kakhulu, ukhululekile futhi efudumele lapho, esibonakala, izakhamuzi kwakufanele ube nice futhi zikhululekile. Nokho, maduzane nje, umfundi ethola ukuthi lokhu akulona iqiniso. Zonke izitshalo nemithi uzizwa kanzima ekuthunjweni: ngamunye wabo amaphupho inkululeko emasimini abo. Umlobi ngamabomu unaka kakhulu incazelo yezindawo lapho behlala ngaphambili. Waphinde isebenzisa nalokho reception, echaza esibhakabhakeni endaweni ezazivalelwe kuyo ngenkululeko. Umbhali ugcizelela ukuthi ejele, azikho izakhamuzi abamba ukushisa akazange uzizwe ujabule, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lezi zinyoni wapha, wabanakekela ngayo, base efudumele futhi omile.

Izakhamuzi abamba ukushisa

Omunye amakhosi ukuhlaziywa ngokwengqondo kwaba Vsevolod Mihaylovich Garshin. Attalea princeps kulokhu isibonelo umlobi ithalente ngomfanekiso izinhlamvu. Kulesi umsebenzi wanika izitshalo nemithi, abakhileyo abamba ukushisa, izici zobuntu. Sago entendeni ezikhukhumezayo, abazidlayo, yena uthanda ukuxoxa futhi ngibe e spotlight. Isihlahla Fern elula yokuxhumana, enesizotha, ngeke uyaziqhenya. Cinnamon enakekela yena futhi ukhathazekile ukunethezeka kwawo. Cactus egcwele nombono omuhle futhi abazange badikibale, ngamazwi akhe, yena enesizotha kakhulu futhi ukwaneliswa yilokho anakho. Naphezu dissimilarity e umlingisi, zonke lezi izitshalo ngento eyodwa, okuyinto uveza umehluko phakathi kwawo umlingiswa oyinhloko: basuke washiya isikhundla sakhe ekuthunjweni futhi, ngenkathi waphupha inkululeko, akekho kubo efuna engozini induduzo lula ukuze bazame ukuphula khulula.

Etshanini

Tale M. Garshin Attalea princeps kufanele kubhekwe ku umongo umsebenzi lalobhalako, okuyinto evame yakhetha izingathekiso izimpawu ukuba baveze abakucabangayo. Njalo is isithombe umakhelwane protagonist, a imbiza elula ukuthi kuphela besho nokusho ukuthi wesundu, futhi asekelwe wakhe. Umbhali ukuphinda asetshenziswe Ngokuphambene amasu: wathi, isitshalo nondescript kakhulu greenhouse zonke ukumeseka nokusekelana. Umlobi yembula zangokwasemuva zezinhlelo utshani: Nokho wayehlala endaweni elula, lapho kwakukhona imithi ezivamile, kwakungelona esibhakabhakeni elinjalo eliqhakazile eningizimu, naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, notshani zisebenzelana nesikhunta ukuphila okwanelisayo kwangaphakathi yena amaphupho ezweni elikude amahle uyasazi isifiso wamasundu ukubaleka phandle. Utshani esonta azungeze isiqu sawo ngifuna ukwesekwa wakhe kanye nosizo, ndawonye naye afe.

Isithombe umlingiswa oyinhloko

Esikhathini izincwadi yasekhaya linendawo ekhethekile Garshin. Attalea princeps, ukuhlaziywa ofakelwe yalokhu kubukezwa kungenziwa ngokuthi impumelelo yemisebenzi yakhe uhlobo kumnandi. Ikakhulukazi yimpumelelo kwaba isithombe umlingiswa oyinhloko, esundu Brazilian. Nanguya uyaziqhenya, inkululeko-onothando, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, has a intando eqinile futhi uhlamvu ukuthi alinike amandla okunqoba zonke izithiyo futhi ukuphuma (nakuba hhayi isikhathi eside) ejele. Palma edonsela abafundi ukuphikelela kwakhe nokuzibona komuntu elungile. Nanguya ngokuqinile ezinqumweni zawo ukuya ekugcineni futhi akusho abaphambuki, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izimpande zawo buthakathaka yokuthi ephonsa zonke izimpi zawo ku ukukhula.

mayelana imvelo

BakwaLoti elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni imibhalo kazwelonke wenza Garshin. Attalea princeps, sifinyeto esesiye sacabangela ezithakazelisayo iqiniso lokuthi lo msebenzi umbhali uye wazibonakalisa njengoba umdwebi omkhulu bemvelo ngosizo ulimi, udlala isithombe esinemibala egqamile ezishisayo eningizimu, lapho uyaziqhenya entendeni muthi uye wakhula. Lokhu ngokwengxenye uchaza umlingiswa wakhe futhi kushisa kangaka unesifiso esijulile ukuze bagqashule kulo mkhuba. Iqiniso lokuthi isimo basekuthunjweni kakhulu ziqhathaniswa nalokho wayebone kanye nasemkhakheni zasendle. Ekhaya kwaba elangeni elishisayo, elikhanyayo sky blue, amahlathi enhle obukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le indaba unikezwa incazelo emfushane lezo zindawo lapho ngaphambili utshani esekhulile. Lapho, ngokuphambene nalokho, lakhula izihlahla silula futhi nemvelo wayengekho enhle njengoba ezindaweni ezishisayo. Cishe, yingakho otshanini bakhona kwakuyinto elungele ukwamukela okufundayo ngakho ebuhleni nasekubalulekeni kangcono isundu, okuyinto ngakho wayefuna ukuhamba ekhaya.

umvuthwandaba

Abafundi abaningi ngeke zibabaza lokusungula yomlobi Garshin igama. Tale Attalea princeps isenzo ikhumbuleka ngokukhethekile wamasundu, okuyinto wazama ukuhlukana, yize kwakusobala ngobuze ngomzamo enjalo kusukela ekuqaleni. Nokho, ochaza indlela wawathela ijusi umzamo wokugcina ekhula, it is abatelekile imiva yayo nokujula futhi ukunemba yesitayela. Umlobi ebuyiselwa isithombe likaMqondisi sezitshalo, ngubani wayecabanga ukuthi lokhu kwanda okusheshayo kahle nezimo zokuphila ntofontofo.

isiphetho

Ukuphela inganekwane is abatelekile indida yayo: entendeni, naphezu kwayo yonke imizamo yayo, akubanga ngikwazile ukuphindela ekhaya. Kunalokho, kwakubanda phakathi iqhwa nemvula, futhi umqondisi, ungafuni ukuchitha imali isandiso ezengeziwe abamba ukushisa, ngaphambilini ukugamula isihlahla uyaziqhenya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, waze wanikela ukuze ukuyikhipha utshani uyiphonse egcekeni emuva. Lokhu isiphetho alondolozwa in the isiko Andersen sika inganekwane, izinhlamvu okuyizinto futhi ekugcineni wanqoba emzabalazweni nabulungisa futhi bafe. Kulo mongo, okwembula yokuthi umbhali ngaso sonke isikhathi libhekisela entendeni egameni lesiLatini. Lolu limi kubhekwa kwabafileyo, futhi, enika isihlahla igama, sengathi umlobi ikhombisa umfundi kusengaphambili ukuthi isihlahla, eqinisweni, akusho ukuphila ukuphila kwangempela, kodwa kuphela abahlala ukuphila kwakhe ekuthunjweni. Ngisho nasezimweni ezikhululekile kungenzeka siqephu Brazilian umbhali isihambi ngamabomu akusiniki igama entendeni igama lakhe langempela, kanjalo waphinda egcizelela ukuthi selande laze laba umbukiso abavamile.

umqondo

Umsebenzi wobuciko Garshina Attalea princeps eligcwele umoya wenkululeko nobuntu. Naphezu isiphetho esibuhlungu, lifundisa izingane wothando nobulungisa. Umlobi akusilo ize wakhetha njengoba abalingiswa eyinhloko izitshalo nemithi. Ngakho, wazama ukubonisa fragility engozini bemvelo imvelo. Umlobi waqhathanisa izwe abahlala bemvelo emhlabeni soulless of zokugcina lapho izitshalo kukhona ziphephile kuphela lo mbukiso, kanjalo ukulahlekelwa injongo yayo kweqiniso. Garshin siqokomisa iqiniso lokuthi akukho okubi kakhulu ukwedlula kokuba sibekezelele uthola isiphetho esinjena. Uzungu inganekwane, wabonisa ukuthi kwaba ngcono ukufa emzabalazweni wenkululeko, kunokuba ngiqhubeke ukuze zilusizi ekuthunjweni. Lona bokubanga neyobuntu, futhi umcondvo lobalulekile wonke umsebenzi. Ucwaningo lolu indaba ngokuhamba esikoleni izincwadi elikushoyo inani layo ekhuthazelela ngenxa yokuthi lifundisa uthando emvelo nge izithombe ongokomfanekiso. Lo msebenzi linencazelo zefilosofi ngoba kubonisa ukubaluleka Ukuphila kwanoma imuphi ophilayo, ngisho izitshalo nemithi.