Vermiculite - kuyini? vermiculite isitshalo

On emashalofini engadini ezitolo isikhathi eside kwakukhona lokugoqa okudweba nombhalo othi "vermiculite". Abalimi Iningi nabalimi, kanye izakhamuzi ezivamile, abazi onjani impahla futhi kungani uludinga. Ngakho, vermiculite - lokho oyikho lapho isetshenziswa? Sizozama babe impendulo yalo mbuzo, futhi unike imininingwane kanjani futhi kusukela ukuthi likhiqizwa ngaluphi, kanye nokusetshenziswa ezingaba lokhu semithombo yendalo.

Kuyini lokhu Izinto?

vermiculite Yemvelo - mineral zemvelo kusukela hydromica iqembu okubangelwa leaching futhi weathering biotite mica. Ngaphandle, kubukeka sengathi i-zinhlayiya ipuleti-like umbala aphuzi ansundu. Kodwa ngemva amalahle lokushisa 900 ^{° C} iguqulwe ibe vermiculite ukunwetshwa. amarekhodi akhe anjengamajuba nemigoqo, into efana nesibungu, okuyinto sabonakala kwesihloko, ngoba kusukela Latin ku vermiculus Russian elihunyushwe ngokuthi "ngiyisibungu, eyisibungu-like."

Ubunjalo bomuntu kanye amakhemikhali

Vermiculite itholakala imvelo, it is ababethi isiliva, igolide, onsundu, oluhlaza futhi black. Ngo ngezithako zawo iqukethe oxides of silicon nensimbi, calcium, potassium, magnesium kanye nezinye izakhi trace. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ke ayiqukethe izinsimbi ezisindayo futhi iyiphi izingxenye anobuthi, kanye akasabeli nge alkalis futhi acid. Ngenxa yalesi asetshenziswa kabanzi vermiculite sitshalo floriculture zokuhlobisa kanye ukulima.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi lokhu yezimbiwa akusho ukubola nokubuna bedle izici zemvelo kanye yemvelo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ezihlukahlukene amagciwane, izinambuzane nezilwane ke lokho akufezi.

Kufanele kugcizelelwe, ekhuluma vermiculite, okuyinto impahla ukungena nakwamanye amazwe kakhulu nge esihle umswakama ukumuncwa izakhiwo. Coefficient yamanzi ukumuncwa lokhu amaminerali - 400%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi 100 g vermiculite akwazi ukuncela 400 ml amanzi.

Ngakho, lesi amaminerali yemvelo ine Izakhiwo ezilandelayo:

• nobungane kwemvelo;
• ukuqina;
• zamakhemikhali inertness begazi nabo abezindaba nolaka;
• ongaphakeme conductivity ezishisayo;
• okusezingeni eliphezulu ukumelana umlilo;
• inhlanganiso ongaphakeme.

Lapho limbiwa?

Lokhu impahla yemvelo ngephutha wathola ekhulwini XIX, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi uye eyenziwa ukuhlola yayo futhi ukukhiqiza. Njengoba sekushiwo, vermiculite - idiphozi amaminerali okuyinto, njengoba eRussia - the Krasnoyarsk Territory ku yonke iNhlonhlo Kola, Irkutsk Chelyabinsk izifunda kanye emazweni angomakhelwane: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, nase-Ukraine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it is misela e-Australia, e-India, South Africa, Uganda ne-United States. Ngo Montana, eduze nedolobha Libby, elise-US idiphozi ezinkulu futhi inzuzo kakhulu kwezokumbiwa phansi.

Kanjani ukucutshungulwa

vermiculite esusiwe is phansi ukwelashwa okukhethekile kuya concentrators. Kube ukuqhuba Ukukhetha nokuhlela mica, ezinye zazo kamuva ithunyelwa ukukhiqizwa kagesi, futhi okusele kusingathwa a ezingaphansi kolwandle indlela elihambayo esithandweni ezingeni lokushisa mayelana 760 ° ^C. Ngenxa yalokhu ukuchayeka izinhlayiya ngabanye sikhukhumale delaminate amaminerali, kanye okukhipha unwetshiwe vermiculite. Phakathi kuqhutshekwe nokucutshungulwa mass etholwe uchotshoziwe kunani kusengaphambili.

vermiculite Izici enwetshiwe

Njengoba sekushiwo, lokhu amaminerali yemvelo ukucutshungulwa zezimboni senzeka ngokudutshulwa, lapho-ke kakhulu anda ivolumu, futhi wakubo ku izinhlayiya worm-like. Lolu shintsho kungenxa kwamanzi isakhiwo vermiculite esimweni lesibopho. Ngaphansi kwethonya okushisa aphezulu ke ukufuthelana futhi waguquka waba isitimu okuyinto uyakhula begodu, stratifies mica ipuleti, ngaleyo ndlela kwande ivolumu. Ngakho, singaxoxa mayelana vermiculite enwetshiwe okungukuthi "lukhuni" amaminerali kabusha.

Yiziphi nezingxenyana zegazi?

Eziwusizo is ziyacolwa wezinsalela zamandulo emafraktjhinini ezahlukene okuyinto ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka ngosayizi. Sekukonke kunamaqembu 5, lapho u-1 Usayizi elikhulu uhlamvu encane, futhi 5 - slurry efana uthuli noma isihlabathi esihle. Unmilled vermiculite - ukwahlukanisa impahla ukushisa, elisetshenziswa ukwakhiwa kabanzi ekuzaliseni kwephaneli eziyize.

Ngo ukulima batshale vermiculite oluvame ukusetshenziswa kusuka 2 kuya ku-4 izingxenyana zaso. Lokhu kwaziswa ezomile kunalokho lula, kodwa ngemva hydration kakhulu kwandisa yayo izikhathi isisindo 5, ngenxa amanzi kokukufunda nokukugcina.

Fields of kwesicelo

Vula muva nje, mineral, vermiculite, namanye amagama ahlobene nalo manje sezitholakala izicelo eziningi ezahlukene:

1. Lemvelo, uwoyela chemical umkhakha. Bambalwa abantu ungaphendula lapho ebuzwa vermiculite, esiwumfanekiso sorbent kakhulu uyakwazi ngibopha alikhali futhi acid. Le mpahla kuyivumela iwukudambisa ezihlukahlukene chemical labangasebenti kahle emsebentini, kanye nomkhawulo uwoyela ochithekile.
2. Imboni enuzi kanye namandla. Isetshenziselwa njengoba kadoti izakhi enemisebe ezifana ayibe-58, Sesithombe-90, cesium-137, kanye gamma-emisebeni kugqame.
3. Izithuthi futhi zezindiza umkhakha. Yenziwe ezihlukahlukene vermiculite umsindo-omnandi ezishisayo ukwahlukanisa izinto kanye nemikhiqizo.
4. Esikhathini ezimbonini kanye civil ukwakhiwa vermiculite isetshenziswa ngendlela elandelayo:

• ukwahlukanisa, kanye umsindo kanye ukushisa yisivikelo ngoba uphahla kanye phansi;

• backfiller indaba ukwahlukanisa kwephaneli eziyize;
• njengoba ingxenye ukhonkolo ahlukahlukene, ukhonkolo engasindi futhi yomile isakhiwo amamiksi;
• enkulu ekwakhekeni usimende kanye izitini zikakhonkolo, ezibuye, nangokuvikela mastic njengoba yamathebhu;
• ekukhiqizeni umlilo-cishe yizona ezisetshenziswa kabanzi netindishi ukushisa ukumelana, panel kanye nezinye izinto udonga;
• ukuvuselelwa of self-yokululama phansi.

5. NjengoMikayeli ezimbonini kanye yangasese zokuzalanisa izitshalo kanye ukulima. Ake sihlole kabanzi indlela yokusebenzisa vermiculite isitshalo.

Izici ukusetshenziswa plant

Lokhu amaminerali, esidlule ukucutshungulwa zezimboni, kusetshenziswa kakhulu kuzo zonke izigaba ekukhuleni kwesihlahla nasekuvezeni izithombo ukuthuthukiswa:

• ngesikhathi imbewu ukuhluma futhi cuttings kucedvwa, okuyinto engabathinti nezilwanyana ezincane ezihlukahlukene - Amagciwane kanye isikhunta, kanye uthole wonke umsoco ezidingekayo kanye ukulandelela izakhi;
• ukudala Izingxube ezihlukahlukene zenhlabathi futhi udlulisele le friability oyifunayo futhi porosity;
• lapho yokutshala izimila hydroponic;
• njengoba ungqimba amanzi ezihlukahlukene kwezitshalo njengoba isitsha, izitshalo engadini;
• Semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla zokutshala;
• yokugcina ebusika kanye klubnelukovichnyh ngezilimo ezihlukahlukene eziyizigaxa: vermiculite hhayi kuphela isekela lokushisa negesi kwezimo ezivamile, kodwa futhi kuvimbela ukulahlekelwa lokutshala impahla yizifo nezinhlupheko ezihlukahlukene Amagciwane;
• e inqubo yokudala umquba.

Ekhuluma vermiculite - kuyini, kungani siludinga, kufanele sikhumbule izimiso ezimbalwa ezilula okumele ilandelwe uma usebenza nabo:

1. impahla asetshenzisiwe ingasetshenziswa futhi, kodwa kuphela emva calcination saziso.
2. Njengoba edonsa amanzi amaningi isikhathi eside futhi okunika izitshalo, kufanele sikhumbule, futhi ukugwema ukuthambisa ngokweqile okungaholela waterlogging kwenhlabathi isitshalo ukufa.
3. izinto amaminerali ezimbili - Perlite, vermiculite - babe izakhiwo efanayo, angasetshenziswa kanye nokukhula kwezitshalo.
4. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-vermiculite baxhumana amanzi kanzima futhi kungaba "ukuhambisa" asidi we inhlabathi ohlangothini ane-alikhali. Yingakho izazi kakhulu ukutusa ukusetshenziswa vermiculite okumsulwa kuphela germinating izithombo noma lapho esebenza-we izilimo lapho ukubunjwa lizinga lemanti kanye eyaziwa njalo.