Uma siqhathanisa ngelethu, yesimanje, futhi okungenani nomkhulu bethu (ngisho abazali), kuzoba khona izinguquko eziphawulekayo. Ingabe kuwufanele it ukulalela noma ukufunda ku-zokuxhumana izingane nentsha - kwesigamu abakushilo, singasoze sayiqonda. Phela, nabo basuke usebenze ngamazwi enjalo, ebizwa ngokuthi izinto ezinjalo (sibonelo esigqamile - umdlalo izinto ezibonakalayo futhi izimfanelo), esingasoze usola. Konke lokhu kuwubufakazi bokuthi ulimi - a eziphilayo, it is elokhu ivela. Kuyini ukuthuthukiswa? Abantu abehla replenishment silulumagama ngezithukuthuku amanye amagama, ukuze anakekele abanye esikhathini esidlule. Phela, yini a neologism? Ingabe izwi ngalesi sikhathi ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi ibonwa njengoba omusha, usanda Akubuyisiwe hhayi yingcweti ngokwanele. Njengoba ukuhlanganisa ngolimi, leyo ndawo ilahlekelwa linikeza umqondo yayo eseyintsha, it is avame ukusetshenziswa. Isibonelo kungaba khona, anothi, igama elithi "indiza" noma "mobile" noma "i-computer". Ngezinye isigaba ethile yentuthuko yezenhlalakahle, kwezesayensi nezobuchwepheshe zonke lezi neologisms kwaba ngesiRashiya. Kodwa manje, siye eside ejwayele kubo, zaba ingxenye lwabantu abavamile. Noma uthathe igama elithi "iphayona", "Komsomolets" - ne ukuvela lomkhuba yazibonakalisa imiqondo, bebizwa. Kodwa kulezi zinhlangano ziye zanyamalala - futhi amagama lawo afanele ukuwela sikhumbule tintfo letendlulile, ekubeni historicism.
Ngakho, yini neologism? Lokhu uphawu, okuyinto eyaba ulimi noma kwakhiwa therein esanda kutholakala futhi ziqondakala abezindaba kakhulu njengoba iyunithi entsha. Ukubukeka kwamagama ezifana atehlukaniseki ukuba izikhathi eziningana. Into eyinhloko ukuthuthukiswa kwezesayensi nakwezobuchwepheshe. Kukhona kokusungulwa, ukuthuthukiswa, umkhiqizo - futhi kukhona isidingo igama elisha. Ngokwesibonelo, "search engine" "isiphequluli", "ikhompyutha ephathekayo" kufakwe wokusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kweminyaka eyishumi noma kuphela ngakho edlule. Qonda lokho neologism kuyosisiza ukuba sihlaziye ukuqhela kwezenhlalo kanye nezinguquko. Uma, ukwenza isibonelo, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, amagama amasha babe "lamaKhomanisi", "party indoda" - kodwa manje, lapho amaqembu amasha, izinhlangano kanye ukunyakaza komphakathi, afakiwe ngolimi "edinorossovtsy", "MChSniki", "medveputy". I degree of ukuthuthukiswa kuyahlukahluka. Ngokwesibonelo, kumiswa asebenzayo amafomu gama kwabonisa ukuthi lelo gama ngokuqinile silulumagama ukwazi ababephila ngesikhathi. Uma eminyakeni embalwa edlule, sasebenzisa igama lenkampani kanye injini kuphela njengoba igama eliyibizoqho , "we-Google", kodwa manje ungezwa nemikhiqizo efana "google", "i-Google ke." Noma uthathe imishwana ezithakazelisayo "layknut", "Tweet ',' abangani '- lokhu kuyosisiza ukuba siqonde lokho kuyinto neologism futhi ahluke ngayiphi indlela ukuthuthukiswa entsha lapho sikhuluma. Ngokuvamile, nesilulumagama isibuyekezo kungenxa kwemali. Futhi ngokuvamile ukukhethwa lomkhuba efanayo noma into khona ngokulinganisa magama amabili: ukuthuthukiswa kanye emisha. Ngokwesibonelo, "ugqoko" futhi "Pallet". Noma "ukuphatha" futhi "ukuphathwa". Neologisms e yolimi lwanamuhla Russian akhiwa futhi ngenxa yezinguquko amagugu yamagama ekhona. Ngokwesibonelo, "izwi" ngomqondo "wenze, uthi ngokuzwakalayo." Noma "download" ngomqondo "ukudlulisa amafayela."
Ababhali kanye izimbongi amatasa ukudalwa amazwi. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi abalobi neologism ngabanye ukusisiza izibonelo Mayakovsky ( "hulk", "vyzvezditsya"), Nabokov ( "nymphet"). Ngamanye amazwi-ke kubizwa ngokuthi amazwi nonce.