Uyini gyroscope? Gyro ocingweni - kuyini?

Kukhona izinto ezisunguliwe eminingi ukuthi zinezikhathi yaba nomlando omude eside kakhulu ukusetshenziswa Amadivayisi ahlukahlukene kanye kulandzelana nekuhlunga tinsita. Ngokuvamile, uyakwazi ukuzwa igama into, kodwa azinalo umbono walokho kuhloswe. Yilokho kanye umbuzo uwukuthi, uyini gyroscope? Kuwufanele ke ukuqonda.

Inchazelo eyisisekelo

A gyroscope yidivayisi navigation, lapho ilungu base isetshenziswa ngokushesha ujikelezisa Rotor, ukukhwezwa ukuze axis awo ukujikeleza ijikeleziswa. ozimele gimbals ezimbili ukunikeza degrees ezintathu inkululeko. In the ukungabikho iyiphi amathonya zangaphandle ku-eksisi yedivayisi siqu ukuzungeza isikhala Rotor azigcina isiqondiso njalo. Uma sithinta isikhathi amandla zangaphandle ukuthi ivame ukujikisa eksisi ukuzungeza yayo, khona-ke iqala ukuhamba kwayo akukho mayelana isiqondiso okwamanje, futhi mayelana-eksisi elitholakala perpendicular ke.

izici kudivayisi

Uma sikhuluma ngalokho a gyroscope, kuyafaneleka ukuthi izinga ukulinganisela futhi kudivayisi sasivumela okusheshayo ujikelezisa igibele amabombo ephelele kakhulu, ngomshikisho ongaphakeme cishe lutho amabutho angaphandle, ngakho idivayisi uyakwazi ukugcina orientation yayo emkhathini cishe zinjalo. Ngakho-ke, ukwazi ukhombise engela ukuzungeza base ngalo kuvikelwe. Kwakuwusuku okokuqala iye ngokusobala wawubonisa ukujikeleza Umhlaba yi physics French Jean Foucault. Uma silinganisela eksisi ukuzungeza isiphethu ekhethekile, uma kufakwa ama-apharathasi ku endizeni, okuyinto wenza izinto zizoshintsha gyroscope Izovela ukuba deform kuze kube ngomzuzu bebutho sangaphandle olinganiselayo. Kulokhu, amandla eqine noma kokucindezelwa entwasahlobo kuyinto wakhona the velocity emincane indiza. Ngokwalesi simiso usebenza Aviation isiqondiso inkomba kanye namanye amathuluzi amaningi gyroscopic. Njengoba amabombo ukwakha ngomshikisho aphansi kakhulu ukugcina Rotor gyro, hhayi amandla kakhulu liyadingeka. Ngokuvamile, ukuba zingeniswe ezinyakazayo, futhi ngenxa yokulondoloza lesi ukunyakaza ngokwanele encane amandla kagesi noma emoyeni onomfutho.

Gyro: isicelo

Ngokuvamile, le divayisi isetshenziswa njengoba isici abathola i nokukhomba amadivayisi gyroscopic, kanye inzwa eziqondisa engela noma Isivinini emincane amadivayisi ezisebenza ngaphansi kolawulo othomathikhi. Kwezinye izimo, lo gyro singasebenza njengesisekelo esiqinile sokufinyelela generator amandla, noma okwamanje force.

Kuze kube manje, isimiso zokusebenza gyroscope ikuvumela ukuba ngenkuthalo ukuyisebenzisa zezindiza, lokuthumela kanye nezindiza mkhathi. Cishe zonke izitsha seagoing has a gyrocompass ngoba eziqondisa ngokuzenzekelayo noma mathupha umkhumbi, futhi abanye abasebenzisi futhi gyrostabilizers. Isiphathi umlilo uhlelo izibhamu asolwandle ngokuvamile ifakwe sebuningini gyroscopes ezengeziwe zenzelwe ukunikeza esitebeleni inkomba uhlelo noma ekulinganiseni velocities emincane.

Uma uqonda ukuthi gyroscope, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ngaphandle kuyinto engacabangeki ukuzilawula ngokuzenzekelayo torpedoes. Helicopter futhi izindiza futhi kudingeka ukuba ifakwe kulezi amadivaysi ukuze ahlinzeke ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa mayelana imisebenzi navigation futhi kuqiniswa izinhlelo. Amadivayisi anjalo zihlanganisa umkhathizwe yokufakelwa, a gyroscopic isiqondiso inkomba kanye roll gyrovertical. Uma sicabanga helicopter nge gyroscope, lapha idivayisi zingakhiqiza kokubili idivayisi nokukhomba futhi inzwa njengenhlangano sasilokhu. ezindizeni Abaningi anemisila ikhampasi kazibuthe gyro-uhlaliseke nezinye izinto - amakhamera nge gyroscopes, girosektantami, navigation vizier. Ngo lempi zezindiza gyroscopes zibizwa kabanzi njengendlela izingxenye izinto ngamabhomu futhi gunnery zasemoyeni.

Ukusetshenziswa zesimanje

Ngakho, uma sicabangela ukuthi gyroscope enjalo, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kule divayisi kabanzi hhayi kuphela ezindaweni esishiwo ngaphambili. Smartphones Modern kanye amaphilisi ifakwe uxhaxha imisebenzi eyengeziwe futhi amamojuli, futhi ezinye ziwusizo kakhulu, kodwa abanye bangase ukuphazamisa ukusetshenziswa ukhululekile zedivayisi, abakucasulayo abasebenzisi. Omunye walena uwukuba a gyroscope efonini, kuyacaca uma usebenzisa idivayisi yakho. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyasiza kakhulu, kodwa ngakolunye - iningi abasebenzisi uthanda ukukhubaza ke.

Gyro ocingweni: Kuyini lokhu?

Okokuqala, kumelwe unqume onjani idivayisi ukusebenza futhi kanjani it libhekene. Ngakho, i-gyro ocingweni - lokho kuyinto na? Lokhu isici kuyadingeka ukuze ubone ukuthi idivayisi ngamakhasimende emkhathini. Kwezinye izimo, le inzwa ingasetshenziswa ukuvikela izingxenye ngazinye idivayisi kusukela ukuwela esikhathini esizayo. Eqinisweni, le inzwa yakhelwe ukuthola noma yiluphi ushintsho isimo, futhi khona accelerometer - futhi ukusheshisa ekwindla. Ulwazi ke ngobulili Computing iyunithi igajethi. Ephambi kwezinduna isofthiwe iyunithi ezithile enquma ukuthi kufanele aphendule athini yezinguquko okwengeziwe ezenzeke kuye.

Yini enye ingabe?

Ngakho, uma indaba yokuthi i-gyroscope is liphenye, luhlala ukuthola ukuthi kungani isetshenziswa amafoni. Ukuvikelwa ngaphakathi akukho umsebenzi owodwa. Lihambisana ezihlukahlukene isofthiwe kuso udela eziningi imisebenzi ehlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, i-smart phone ingasetshenziswa amageyimu, lapho ukulawula wenziwa ngokutshekisa, ukuqhaqhazela noma Ukujikeleza zedivayisi. isilawuli okunjalo ikuvumela ukwenza umdlalo ejabulisa ngempela, kangangokuthi zihamba phambili.

izici ezithakazelisayo

Kungaphawulwa ukuthi imikhiqizo inkampani "Apple" ifakwe gyroscopes, futhi bafeza indima ebaluleke kakhulu, ngoba lihlanganiswe ukusebenza izicelo eziningi. Ngaphansi kombuso wakhe ngokukhethekile, ngokuthi CoverFlow. Kukhona inani elikhulu kakhulu kwezicelo egijima kule modi kodwa ungayeka kwabambalwa, ngokucacile kakhulu ngayo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma usebenzisa wokubala ku-iPhone, in the isikhundla portrait, umsebenzisi ngeke izenzo itholakala kuphela elula, efana: kwalokho, ukususa, ukwahlukana futhi ukubuyabuyelela. Kodwa lapho uvula idivayisi ngo-90 degrees bonke ushintsho. Calculator ne inkinobho kumodi ethuthukisiwe, okusho ubunjiniyela, okuyinto imisebenzi izotholakala isikhathi eside.

Uma uqonda ukuthi gyroscope, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi umsebenzi walo ingasetshenziswa ukunquma isikhundla sayo phansi.

Ingabonwa kule mephu kudivayisi kwendawo nokusetshenziswa GPS-navigation, futhi kulesi simo, ikhadi uyohlale ukujikeleza isiqondiso lapho amehlo akho uqondiswa. Ngakho-ke, uma ubheke, isibonelo, umfula, lizovezwa kumephu, futhi uma siguquke, izoshintsha isikhundla ekhadini. Ngenxa yalesi ukuma endaweni yakithi kuba lula kakhulu futhi zingaba nkulu ngempela ewusizo kubantu ezizoqhubela nokungcebeleka esebenzayo.

Izinkinga gyro ocingweni

Kungashiwo mayelana amaphutha esivela gyroscopes. Isikhathi esining impela benqunyiwe ngenxa yokuthi izinhlelo aphendule ushintsho emkhathini nge abanye bayalibala ukwenza. Ngokwesibonelo, uma unquma ukufunda elele phezu kombhede, ne isihenqo smartphone noma ithebhulethi, i-gyroscope ne uhlelo ezihambisana nayo, ukushintsha ukuma kwekhasi noma kunini uma ukujikisa noma ukushintsha isikhundla. Lokhu kubangela eziningi ngokungalungile, njengoba kuba kakhulu kuyaqabukela idivayisi ukwazi kahle ukuchaza isikhundla emkhathini, futhi isimo zaba zimbi ngu ukusabela imisiwe zohlelo.

izinhlobonhlobo yesimanje

Gyros bokuqala babengabantu lokukhanda. Lolu hlobo amadivayisi esetshenziswa namuhla, kodwa abanye ngcono ukubenza wusizo nakakhulu. Okwamanje, kukhona gyroscope laser, okuyinto awunazo nemiphumela ethile engathandeki mechanical. Futhi wokuthi leli thuluzi lisetshenziswa ngobuchwepheshe besimanje.