Utshwala kuyalungiswa futhi distillate: umehluko

imikhiqizo Utshwala ezisekelwe avame ukusetshenziswa ekuphileni kwethu yesimanje. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngaphandle kwabo, kukhona nje akwanele (futhi sisho hhayi utshwala). Ngokuvamile distillate (isizinda uphuzo abaningi nemithi) etholakala ngokuzikhandla ukuvutshelwa kanye okwalandela ziphuzo zazihluzwa feedstock. Kodwa kaningi bacabanga ukuthi ukulungiswa kwananoma - kabusha ziphuzo zazihluzwa. Kodwa lo mbono unephutha. Kuphela amaningi aguqule uketshezi equkethe ethanol, e amakholomu ekhethekile anganika umphumela ekulungiseni (lokhu ngokwezwi nezwi ehunyushwa ngokuthi igama elithi), alcohols ukuhlanzwa ukungcola.

Ngo umkhakha nekhaya distilling esetshenziswa kuyalungiswa, kanye distillate. Umehluko phakathi yona ibaluleke ngempela. Kodwa yini okufanele ngiyisebenzise? Lo magazini kuyinto ekhathaza abaningi. Kodwa ukuze kuhlolwe kahle izinzuzo noma nemibi ubuchwepheshe, kumelwe siqale ukunquma namiphi imiphumela sifuna ukufeza: ukuthola izinyembezi isiphuzo wezindlu noma, kunalokho, ukuze ajabulele iphunga layo nokunambitha? Ngingathanda ukuba nixazulule lokho kuyalungiswa futhi distillate. Umehluko phakathi kwabo iyatholakala noma kungaba - "inkolelo yokungafi Masters", okuyinto ngokugxila professional emincane futhi akusho idlala indima enkulu ngoba umthengi isilinganiso? Ake ukubhekana!

izinhlobo distillates

Lo luketshezi etholakale lapho igama elifanayo yenqubo - the ziphuzo zazihluzwa, isb sanoma yisiphi ziphuzo zazihluzwa utshwala-equkethe ingxube Ukupholisa okwengeziwe futhi ushintsha uba yileli evala yayo. Ngokwe ngezigaba, kukhona izinhlobo eziningana ziphuzo zazihluzwa:

• elula,
• kwamalungu
• ukulungiswa kwananoma efanele.

We bakutshele mayelana nemininingwane yonke ukuze umiswe umehluko phakathi kuyalungiswa futhi distillate. Umehluko phakathi kwazo sisekhona!

ziphuzo zazihluzwa elula

Lokhu ubuchwepheshe, ngokusho kwezazi-mlando, wayaziwa lwesithathu BC leminyaka - indlela esetshenziswa abaseGibhithe ukwenza upende ngamagilebhisi ichithekile. Okungenani, kuba isikhashana endala bodokotela. Futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ziphuzo zazihluzwa zabantu ajwayelekile nokuningi ezikhathini zasendulo. Ukuze le nqubo isicelo cubes zethusi eyayakhiwa ziphuzo zazihluzwa isitsha, capacitor, khulula amaphayiphi evala.

Okokuqala, ngosizo kumadivayisi ezifana kwenza upende Uketshezi amakha. Futhi kamuva nje, ngenxa yokuba yinkimbinkimbi zokuthutha iwayini olwandle (iziphuzo spoilt ngenxa elangeni elishisa bhe), inqubo esetshenziswa ukwenziwa imimoya.

Incazelo emfushane senqubo

Njengoba inqubo ziphuzo zazihluzwa waziwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu, futhi impahla eluhlaza for ukulungiswa utshwala usebenzisa amagilebhisi ezahlukene futhi ukolweni, ummbila kanye noshukela u-beetroot kanye umoba, futhi amakoloni aseMelika - ngisho izitshalo, ezifana Cacti.

Kafushane, inqubo libukeka kanje:

1. Kusukela impahla eluhlaza ekuqaleni ekhiqizwa Braga - lotshwala kuwo, njengoba umthetho, amancane. Indlela enza yayo zingahluka.
2. The elula: chaza emanzini afudumele, imvubelo tridtsatigradusnaya, ukuxuba nabo nge isiraphu ushukela namanzi. Khona-ke uphawu esitsheni isivalo (noma wagqoka, isibonelo, iraba igilavu ku embizeni ezintathu-litre lapho kwaba igesi ephumayo), ukushisa isethwe ku ngesonto.
3. Indlela ezingcono akufaki ukusetshenziswa ushukela. Potato noma corn gaya, sigcwale amanzi kanye evuthayo. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi isitashi eziqukethwe impahla eluhlaza, kufanele siguqulwe ushukela. Ingxube Ngaleso sikhathi wayehlala fermenting imvubelo futhi ushiye sokunika ukushisa.
4. Lapho inqubo ukuvutshelwa iseduze ekupheleni, Braga thina ukuhlunga bese ugcwalisa-e ziphuzo zazihluzwa.
5. It is ukufuthelana nge umthombo ukushisa, futhi ubhiya ukwenziwa uqala shabalala.
6. I umusi nomphumela ingena esidayisa tube ngokuvumelana imbala, lapho ifingqa, abe distillate.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amasu ziphuzo zazihluzwa elula azihileli nokususwa ngokuphelele ukungcola ekhiqizwa kwayo kuleyo ndawo yokuhweba isiphuzo. Futhi uma inqubo esinjalo liphindwe izikhathi eziningana, ngeke kuholele ukuthi uhlanzekile wako. Ngakho-ke, kukhona ukukhanya distillate ukunambitheka kanye nephunga elimnandi we imikhiqizo zazisetshenziselwa Mash. Ngemva kwalokho, i-azidlulisele ukunambitheka eyiqiniso kanye nephunga umkhiqizo enongiwe (ebeka oki imiphongolo wokulungiselela rum noma nogologo, coriander ukungeza, softwood kanye essence alimondi uma gin).

Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuqeda iphunga ezingemnandi nokunambitheka, ukuhlanzwa is ezenziwe usebenzisa amakhemikhali ezingaba omubi kakhulu kuthinte imikhiqizo yezempilo ekupheleni umthengi.

wamaqhuzu

Kunengqondo, yini umehluko: distillate kuyalungiswa - kunjani alcohols. Kodwa ehilelekile sisekhona. Akusiyo imfihlo ukuthi uketshezi ezahlukene ehlukile abilayo amaphuzu, futhi amanzi - 100 degrees Celsius, utshwala kuzothatha 78. kuphela Ngesisekelo property uhlobo elandelayo ziphuzo zazihluzwa - izingxenyana zaso. indlela yayo ulula: Uma kuziwa ezingxenyaneni eyatholakala kusukela ziphuzo zazihluzwa okusamanzi basakaza ezitsheni ezahlukene.

Incazelo emfushane senqubo

Ukukhethwa yalamafrakhishini ikhiqizwa ngokuhambisana lokuhlushwa Ethanol umusi lokushisa, ivolumu feedstock. Kulesi okuthiwa "pervach", noma "ikhanda" (ngowokuqala isiphuzo ingxenyenamba) alisetshenziswa ngoba akuyona nephunga elimnandi kakhulu (futhi ngempela ingozi emzimbeni womuntu). Its anqunywe, ngokuvumelana lokushisa namaphesenti ETHYL dropwise.

Futhi nangu ingxenyenamba isilinganiso (noma njengoba edume ngokuthi, "umzimba-phisa") ngokuvamile Ayinambala futhi nephunga hlangothi. Ukukhetha kwalo kwenzeka ezingeni lokushisa kusuka degree angu-90 kuya 95 Celsius namandla ububanzi 35-45%, kanti uketshezi esikhanyayo.

tailings

'Umsila "(ingxenyenamba zokugcina) has a isici iphunga okunoshukela futhi ukunambitheka ngoba iqukethe semali fusel amafutha. Futhi kufanele aqashwe ngeso elibukhali, ukuthi musa ukuwela 'umzimba' eyinhloko. Khona-ke, ukuze uthole isiphuzo omuhle, kunconywa eminye amalahle ukuhlanzwa (futhi, uma kunokwenzeka, distilled once more, ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwenza kube ukuba kancane kunangaphambili, futhi ngendlela ecacile ukwehlukana izingxenyana).

Uyini umehluko phakathi kuyalungiswa futhi distillate futhi igama elihambisana yenqubo? Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukukhiqiza eliphezulu ubumsulwa utshwala by ziphuzo zazihluzwa, ngisho noma waphinda futhi ayingxenye, kuba cishe engenakwenzeka: isiphuzo nomphumela is ngempela ukwethula iphunga othize kanye ukunambitheka. Ngakho-ke, ukuze akhiqize i utshwala zezimboni (emakhaya) izimo ziphuzo zazihluzwa isicelo.

Ziphuzo zazihluzwa utshwala emsulwa

Ngakho, thina vele ukuthi akha distillate kuyalungiswa. Umehluko phakathi kwazo okukhona, nokuningi! Ukulungiswa - Indlela uhlukanisa Izingxube isekelwe esimisweni ukushisa exchange phakathi umusi kanye liquid. Ngenxa yalokho, sithola ketshezi okumsulwa ngokuphelele. Futhi akufanele kudidaniswe kabusha ziphuzo zazihluzwa ziphuzo zazihluzwa. Le nqubo ihlukile ngenhla.

Incazelo emfushane senqubo

Ekuqaleni esibuthakathaka phisa sishisiswe Reflux izimo. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngazimbili ukuthi akhiwa ngesikhathi abilayo, anyukele fractionator upwardly, ukuwela apharathasi esikhethekile umusi ukufingqa, ngokuthi epholisayo Reflux. Lokho kubanika, is selehlile ngamanzi.

Ngezinye evele selehlile dephlegmator pair aqale ukubeka indaba ngamafuphi, ukwakha uketshezi Reflux eliya phansi amakholomu phansi esitsheni akhethekile. I umusi ekuphumeni phezulu, futhi Reflux ketshezi ehla uxhumana. Kulesi ukushisa ukudluliselwa izinqubo zenzeka. Ngenxa yalokho, yezingxenye kukhona engxenyeni engenhla amathumba kalula, eziguqulelwa ku condensate lokuqoqa ku isitsha.

At ngamunye iqhaza ukulungiswa kwananoma ubumsulwa isithako - okungenani u-90%. Nale ndlela, isibonelo, uphethiloli ongahluziwe kungenziwa zibuyiswe, futhi iwayini Mash yalungiswa kusuka umoya kuyalungiswa (ethanol okuqukethwe - 95%).

Uyini umehluko: i distillate kuyalungiswa. Yini bakhetha?

Sesibonile ukuthi lawa uketshezi ezimbili ezihlukene ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, umbuzo: "Utshwala kuyalungiswa futhi distillate - uyini umehluko futhi ukuthi kungcono ukusebenzisa ekhaya distilling?" - kudingeka ucabangele kuqala kunazo zonke lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

1. Ngemva lula (noma ngisho amaningi wamaqhuzu) ziphuzo zazihluzwa iziphuzo atholakala e-okukhipha kubuyise iphunga kanye flavour of imikhiqizo, akha ngesisekelo feedstock.
2. Ngo inqubo ukulungiswa kwananoma zonke lezi izakhiwo ubhujiswe.

Umehluko phakathi distillate kuyalungiswa kakade ukupheka. Eyokuqala - isiphuzo Distiller yenziwa ukuze ahlale isici organoleptic ikhodi yomthombo, izinto ezasetshenziselwa kuwo. Ngamanye amazwi, uma Calvados - apula, uma whiskey - sokwenza imithombo uma brandy - amagilebhisi. Lapho inqubo ziphuzo zazihluzwa, ngaphandle ETHYL ngaphakathi namanje kuthiwa "umoya" yalesi siphuzo - zonke izinhlobo ukungcola, okuyinto akhiwa i isixha eyiqiniso: ukunambitheka kanye nephunga elimnandi. Yilowo umehluko!

Distillate kuyalungiswa - distillates. Kodwa! Kuyalungiswa - elinendawo nahlanza umkhiqizo organoleptic lapho ikhodi yomthombo "ababulewe?" Ngaso sonke, emasculated. Nakuba aphume esihlalweni, ngisho lwamagilebhisi okumnandi kakhulu kodwa kudingeka ukuze uthole iphunga futhi ukunambitheka ETHYL, futhi "akukho siqu". Kungani esiphezulu utshwala inqaba - 96%? Kodwa ngoba ukuphumula - akuyona ukungcola, namanzi, njengoba umswakama kuyinto ETHYL, isb esisondelene emanzini. Khona-ke, ngosizo utshwala emsulwa, sithola liqueurs ezahlukene, cordials, liqueurs. Okuyi organoleptic benza isikhathi eside feedstock, nokunambitheka - flavorings.

esikhundleni isiphetho sendaba

Ngakho, ukuze ulungise izinto: uyini umehluko kuyalungiswa utshwala distillate? Umehluko phakathi yona ibaluleke. Etholwe ziphuzo zazihluzwa, umkhiqizo uzokwazi "ukusebenza" phezu Distiller nangale. Lapho ibekwe ku oki imiphongolo izingxenye ezisele kungenziwa oxidized, kanye iziphuzo elimnandi. Kuyalungiswa has lezi izakhiwo, kubalulekile kuphela ukuzalela. Lokho umehluko. Distillate kuyalungiswa ukukhonza ukufeza izinhloso ezehlukene ekukhiqizeni izinhlobo zophuzo oludakayo.