Umthamo osencane ophahleni ovela eshidi elifakiwe: imingcele evumelekile, izici zokubala nezincomo

Ngenxa yezici zayo ezinhle kakhulu zokusebenza, ishidi elifakiwe liye lasetshenziswa kabanzi kokubili ekwakhiweni kokuhlala nezomsebenzi. Uma zonke izinqubo zokufaka zilandelwa ngokusetshenziswa kwayo, kungenziwa isembozo sokwethenjelwa esithembekile, esiphezulu nesesimweni esihle.

Izincomo zomkhiqizi: umthamo ophansi ophahleni ovela eshidi elifakiwe

Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kunconywa ukuthi kubekwe ophahleni nge-angle yokuthambekela okungenani ama-degrees angu-20. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusebenza ikakhulukazi ezakhiweni zokuhlala. Emithethweni yokwakha yezimboni, kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ishidi elifakiwe njengempahla yokuphahla yamagundane ene-angle yokuthambekela kwama-degree ayisishiyagalombili. Kodwa emaphaketheni aphansi kakhulu okwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zokukhiqiza, ungafaka ishidi elikhethekile kuphela - ngephrofayili eyesekelayo. Nakuba le ndaba ibiza kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziselwa ukwakha izindlu zangasese. Ngesicelo saso, umthamo osencane wephahla lendlu yokuhlala kusuka eshidi elifakiwe lingalingana namadridi angu-15.

Imiphumela yokungalandeli imithetho

Uma izidingo ze-SNiP ngokuphathelene nezinga elincane elingavumelekile lezintambo ze-skates ziphulwa ngenkathi kuklanywa uphahla olufakiwe, umninindlu uzobhekana nezinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuvuza ngesikhathi semvula ngokusebenzisa izimbobo zokuzibamba;
• Ukungena kwephahla ngezingqimba zeqhwa;
• Ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kokushisa ophahleni;
• Phula amashidi ngomoya oqinile.

Abanikazi abaningi be-real estate real estate bakholelwa ukuthi ophahleni olungaphezulu, okushiwo yizinto ezincane. Kodwa empeleni, lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Lapho uhlela uphahla olusenyakatho, ngokuvamile ufanele usebenzise inqwaba enkulu yemilenze yemigqa (40 cm pitch). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulesi simo, izinto eziphathekayo, ngokwezindinganiso, zihlanganiswa ngokubaluleka okukhulu.

I- slope encane yophahla kusuka eshidi elifakiwe, njengoba sithole, liyi-15 degrees. Uma uklama, ungakhetha ukuhluka okuphahleni. Kodwa kungcono ukwenza amapulangwe ophahleni ngokungazelelwe. Kulesi simo, futhi isikhumba sizobe sithembeke ngokwengeziwe, futhi umsebenzi ngokwawo uzoba lula ukufaka into. I-version enhle ye-angle of inclination of skates uma usebenzisa ishidi elifakiwe lingama-25-40 cm.

Okufanele kube ukuhlanganisa

Ngakho-ke, lesi sibonakaliso sincike ekuthambekeni kwezingubo ezikhethiwe ekwakhiweni kwendlu. Ngakho:

• Nge-angle engama-degrees angu-15 kuya kwangu-30, ukuhlanganisa kufanele kube ngu-20 cm;
• Ukuze uphahla nge-angle yama-degrees angu-30 noma ngaphezulu-15 cm.

Uma iphrojekthi ine-slope encane kakhulu, uphahla lwenziwa kusuka eshidi elifakiwe elinama-overlap emkhatsini wemigqa emazayeni amabili. Kulokhu, ukuthola ukuvikeleka okungeziwe ekungeneni komswakama, kusetshenziselwa uphawu lwe-sealant ne-sealant ekhethekile. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kulokhu, ngaphansi kwephepha elifakiwe, i-crate eqhubekayo kufanele ilandwe.

Izincomo zokukhetha izinto

Imbonini yanamuhla ikhiqiza amashidi aphethwe ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: udonga (oluphawuliwe ngokuthi "C") nokukhahla okufanele ("K"). Futhi, le nto ingashintsha ekumaweni kwephrofayela. Yiqiniso, ukuphahla kufanele kusetshenziswe ishidi lokuphahla . Ngokuphathelene nephrofayli, mayelana nalokhu, ukucubungula uhlelo lwe-rafter, i-wave wave "noma" trapezium "enezinga eliphakeme lama-25-31 mm livame ukusetshenziswa.

Ubukhulu obukhulu beshidi lophahla buyi-0.8 mm. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuphahla, ukhetho lubuye lukhethwe u-1 mm. Izinto ezinjalo ezinzima zivame ukutholakala uma umthamo ophansi ophahleni ovela ku-proflist ukhethwe. Ngama-degree, njengoba sithole, le parameter iyisi-8 ukuya kweyishumi nanhlanu. Ngamamentimitha kuzobe kuboniswa kuqala kokuphakama kwegeji. I-wider the open, enkulu lokhu okuzoba khona.

Ngendawo enkulu kakhulu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa imigqa emibili noma emithathu yamashidi. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile uphahla lenzelwe ngendlela yokuthi lungafakwa emgqeni owodwa. Ngakho-ke, uma ukhetha izinto, kufanele uqaphele, kufaka phakathi ubude bawo. Ngokuvame ukudayiswa kukhona ishidi elifihliwe ku-6m. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka, futhi ukuklama uphahla kungaphansi kwalesi sikhathi.

Indlela yokubala inani lezinto ezidingekayo ukuze uphahla uphahla

Iphrojekthi yephahla kumele ingabandakanyi imidwebo yayo kuphela, kodwa futhi ukulinganisa nazo zonke izindleko ezizayo. Bala inani lezinto ezidingekayo zokuphahla akulula kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, indawo ophahleni kumele ihlukaniswe nje ibe yikhasi elilodwa. Kulokhu, yiqiniso, kufanele ucabangele ukugqokelwa. I-slope encane yephahla kusuka eshidi elifakiwe ngokusho kwe-SNiP yi-8-15 degrees. Ukuze uphahla olunzulu olunjalo, ukuqoqwa, njengoba sekushiwo kakade, kuzoba ngu-20 cm. Ukuthi, kusukela endaweni yonke yeshidi ngalinye ngalesi simo kuyadingeka ukuthatha u-20 cm kuphela.

Ukuthenga izinto kufanele kube umkhawulo omncane. Ngempela, ngesikhathi sokufakwa, amanye amashidi angalimala. Okufanayo kusebenza ezingxenyeni ezengeziwe. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka lapho umthamo ophansi ophahleni ukhethwa ebhodini elonakele. Kulesi simo, imingcele evumelekile (8-15 °) kumele ibonwe. Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, ukuphahlazeka kuyoba nzima nakakhulu kunokuba kube mkhulu, ngoba phakathi nale nqubo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kufanele usebenze ngeziqu noma uphawu.

Ukuhlelwa kwe-stacking

Qala ukufakwa kwephepha elififiwe kusuka emaphethelweni angaphansi ophahleni. Ukwenyuka kwenzelwe izikrini zokuzibamba ngeziqu ezikhethekile. Lezi zinsuku zihlelwe emagqumeni amaqhubi ophrofayili. Ngaphambi kokubeka impahla yangempela ngokwayo, induku yesikhumba, ukukhipha amanzi, isimpawu sokungena kwamanzi, futhi, uma kunesidingo, i-bracket of valle ephansi ifakwe.

Amashidi ngokwawo ahleliwe emabhuloki. Yilokho, okokuqala ku-crate emgodini osikhenini kuqala. Kungani ishidi lesibili linamathiselwe ngendlela efanayo? Okuqhubekayo kulungiswe izikuluvu zokuqala. Ngokufanayo, ishidi lesithathu liphakanyisiwe. Khona-ke lonke ibhulogi ligcwele ngokuphelele phezu kwe-cornice futhi lihleli unomphela.

Esigabeni sokugcina sophahla, ihhashi, ama-raincoats, amapuleti okugcina kanye nephethini yepayipi iphakanyisiwe. Uma kunesidingo, kufakwe ama-snow.

Ezinye izincomo zokufaka

Ukuphakamisa uprofistist ophahleni udinga eyodwa ngesikhathi. Izindwangu zensimbi ezivela lapho izikrini zikhishwa kufanele zivele zisuswe ngokushayela. Uma kungenjalo, ungqimba lwe-polymer lungonakaliswa, okuzofinyeza ukuphila kwephahla. Hamba phezu kophahla ngesikhathi somsebenzi kufanele ube izicathulo ngezinsipho ezithambile. Uma ngesikhathi sokufakwa ungqimba lwama-polymer lwamashidi alungisiwe luzohlala luhlungiwe, izindawo ezimele zimele ziphathwe ngokushesha ngekhamera ekhethekile. I-slope encane yokugqoka kusuka ebhodini elizimele elixhasayo yizi-8 degrees. Ukuze uphahla olunzulu olunjalo, ukuhambisana nezincomo ezingenhla kubaluleke kakhulu. Phela, nge-slope encane ophahleni kuyoba nomthwalo ongathí sina.

Gcwalisa amashidi ku-crate kuphela ngokusebenzisa izikrini ezikhethekile nge-gasket. Sebenzisa ama-rivets noma izipikili kule njongo ayikwazi. Izikrini akufanele zifakwe ngokuqinile.

Esikhundleni sokuphetha

Ngakho-ke, sithole ukuthi yikuphi ukuphambana okuncane kwephahla kusuka kushidi elifakiwe. Ukubalwa komklamo wephahla elinjalo kwenziwa kahle ngokucabangela ubude nobubanzi beshidi. Kulesi simo, lokho akudingeki ukuba kunqunywe. Futhi ngenxa yalokho, ekugcineni kuyoba nemfucuza encane, futhi uphahla ngokwayo luyoba nethembeke kakhulu futhi luhlale luqinile.