Ukwakhiwa idayagramu Pareto. Pareto ishadi practice

Akekho umuntu othanda ukuthi ukuchitha amandla. Sizama ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle - kumuntu ophansi, ibhizinisi ubuchwepheshe ekugcineni. Futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi intengo senza lokhu. Omunye ukuhlolwa elula kakhulu futhi kuyaqondakala ukusebenza izindlela obonwa ukwakhiwa kwalesi Pareto idayagramu.

Umlando "magic" ngezabelo

Ekupheleni kwe-XIX leminyaka elilodwa Vilfredo Pareto, oye wacwaninga emnothweni, wanquma ukuhlola isakhiwo ekwabelaneni umnotho phakathi ngesiNgisi. Waba yini umphumela wesibindi sakhe ngishaqekile: kwathi u-20% sabantu eNgilandi ngumnikazi 80% ingcebo lonke lelo zwe. Irhubhululo elingezelelako selukhombisile ukuthi isimiso 'esizweni esincane ephethwe ngaphezulu "osebenza ku asele 20% ngomnotho: 5% ungumnikazi 50% dolobha 10% - 65% bonke cebi. Usosayensi Bedidekile aqala ukusesha bayihlaba kakhulu inkolelo yakhe phezu izakhamuzi kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, futhi beza nemiphumela efanayo - ukwakhiwa ishadi Pareto okufanayo imvamisa wokusabalalisa.

Nokho, ukuhlanganisa idatha futhi kwakha iphethini elithile, akazange aphumelele. Ngakho-ke, inkolelo-mbono wangena engabonwa. Wabuye waphendukela kuye ngo-1949. George K. Zipf, uprofesa waseHarvard, wathola umthetho owawuthi 80% Imiphumela ukunikeza% 20 kuphela umzamo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-American Iosif Yuran, kokuhileleka kunoma inkinga ukukhululwa kwemikhiqizo engaphelele, futhi wathola inani 80/20. Ukushicilela imiphumela yocwaningo lwabo, Juran washayelwa umthetho "ezimbalwa, ukuba value". Ngakho, umthetho Pareto itholwe futhi wathola isitatimende esicacile.

Noma kunjalo, osozimboni US babengakakhuli ikulungele ukwamukela kokubusa Pareto, futhi Juran waya abathethise e-Japan. Kukhona abaholi ibhizinisi bavumelana nalokho okutholwe usosayensi, futhi nombono wokuthi "Pareto ishadi ekuphathweni izinga." Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi-yalolucwaningo 70 ka XX leminyaka, le ndlela iye yasetshenziselwa kuphela eJapane. Kwaba ngemva cishe engu-20, lapho imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa eJapane, uye abe usongo olukhulu ukuncintisana izimpahla American, Juran wamenywa ukuba e-United States ukuba bajwayelane imfundiso yokuziphendukela Pareto.

Pareto Law Nokuphila

Ukwamukela ukuzisholo kwazo ukuthi 20% umzamo ngoba 80% yalokho, umuntu angakwazi uhlaziye ngokuphelele isimo. Iningi sicabange ukuthi umzimba ukunyakaza ngaphezulu (umzamo) senza, uyophumelela iyoletha empilweni. Sikholelwa ukuthi bonke abangane bethu zibaluleke ngokulinganayo (futhi kunesidingo) kithi ukuthi wonke amaklayenti ukuletha imali eyiphinda alinganayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kubalulekile ukuchitha umzamo ofanayo koxhumana nabo bonke.

Nokho, ku-reflection, futhi njengoba ayeseke wafunda idatha Pareto ishadi, sifika iziphetho ezingefani. Thina usabalalise imizamo kanye ngokoqobo babe nenkululeko ethe xaxa futhi kujabulise. Umsebenzi akubonakali uyakhathaza ngakho, futhi uxoxe nabangani - ezibuhlungu. Ngokufunda ubudlelwano esiyimbangela yezenzo zabo, singaphetha ngokuthi ingxenye encane kakhulu yomsebenzi wanikeza yi abalulekile ngempela. Kodwa konke okunye - olukha phezulu futhi okungadingekile.

Pareto Law zokumaketha

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-60-yalolucwaningo ka XX leminyaka, ubhoko IBM, kwatholakala ukuthi isikhathi esiphezulu wachitha kumakhompyutha esiphatha inombolo okungenani imisebenzi. Ukuhlonza lezi ebizayo ngezilinganiso zesikhathi imisebenzi ukuvumele ukwandisa ijubane ubuchwepheshe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ishadi Pareto, isibonelo okuyinto sathathwa njengoba ngesisekelo wabasebenzi IBM, bavunyelwe ukushaya lo mncintiswano futhi ukwanda yokuthengisa.

Ngokuvamile, lapho abaphathi bathathe iqiniso lokuthi inzuzo esiphezulu livela inombolo encane amakhasimende, inkampani uqala kakhulu intuthuko - futhi ngokuya yokuthengisa ukukhula, futhi ngokombono wenyusa inani labasebenzi lokwethembeka (emva ukuqashelwa khona neqiniso lokuthi akuyona yonke iklayenti kuyafana, ukukhulula eziningi abaphathi amandla ). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutadisha ishadi Pareto, ungakwazi uqondise imizamo kulawo imikhiqizo kanye nezimboni ukuthi ube ukukhula imali enkulu futhi kuzokwenza inkampani ukunqoba kuzo zonke izimpi zalelo ukuncintisana.

Yamukela futhi uthathe

Njengoba sesifundile kakade, okunzima kakhulu - kuyinto ukwamukela iqiniso yokuthi u-80% izenzo zethu Ungasingenisi umphumela kulindeleke. Abaphathi wamabhizinisi ngokuvamile zidinga abaphathi babo ukwelashwa ngokuphelele alinganayo bonke abathengi, futhi eqinisweni ukuhlaziywa ishadi Pareto uyonika yi evamile yokuthengisa: omningi walo amakhasimende ukunikeza abaphathi esebenzayo, kodwa hhayi imali yenkampani.

Ngakho-ke, bathi abaholi kudingeka bakwemukele umqondo "isikhathi khulula" abasebenzi. Kuyadingeka ukuba ubunye umsebenzi nge iningi amakhasimende ukuthuthukisa imigomo ejwayelekile yokuxhumana nabo ukukhonza oda yabo. Lokhu kuzovumela gxila amakhasimende ezinkulu futhi umfutho yokuthengisa.

Ukuhlaziya ikhwalithi yokukhiqizwa

Ngo-1979, i-Japanese Union of Ososayensi kanye Onjiniyela ungeze uhlu Kunconywa izindlela ukulawula izinga ibhizinisi ukuhlaziywa Pareto idayagramu. Imikhuba athuthukile ezimbili izinhlobo ukuhlaziywa: imiphumela imisebenzi kanye izimbangela izinkinga.

Eyokuqala isetshenziswa lapho umsebenzi ukuhlonza lezo nkinga ezinkulu eziholela Imiphumela engathandeki. Eyesibili ukuthola isizathu esiyinhloko Kungasebenti kahle kwaletinye inkampani. Kuzo zombili lezi zimo kubalulekile ukwakha ishadi Pareto ukuze uthole ukuqondisisa okubonakalayo izinqubo eqhubekayo kwamabhizinisi kanye nokwabiwa kahle kwezinsiza.

Empeleni, ukuhlaziya ithatha kancane: lamukele le nkinga ngangokunokwenzeka ukuhlonza zonke izici ithonya, futhi ukuqoqa idatha ethize kwezibalo, ngokuthi izimbangela zokuphelelwa inkinga. Ngokucaca, zonke izibalo siboniswa uhlobo idayagramu. Okulandelayo, udinga ukuthatha izinyathelo ukuqeda (ukushintsha e) lezi zici ezimbi umsebenzi.

Kusukela theory ukuzijayeza

Kulula ukusho - ukusebenzisa indlela Pareto. Kodwa iziphi izinyathelo ukwenza, lapho ukuqala ukuze uhlaziye ngempumelelo isimo ngempela? Kanjani ukwakha ishadi Pareto? Kukhona angikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle isipiliyoni kanye umuzwa, kodwa futhi saqala kufanele ungesabi ukuhlaziya. Ngesikhathi esigabeni sokuqala kubalulekile ukuqonda kahle ukuthi ikhipha (izinkinga, okubangela) ukuphenya; kanjani ukuze uhlukanise kubo, futhi hlobo luni lwemininingwane ukuqoqa.

Kuyinto kulesigaba avele abahlaziyi ongenalwazi nimesabe: nazo zonke mina wakucabangela, kanye ukwembula ulwazi ngabe kuqoqwe, njll Kodwa, ngokusebenzisa umthetho Pareto imisebenzi yayo, khumbula: .. 80% msebenzi uzoba ukuhlinzeka% 20 kuphela imiphumela. Ngakho ungesabi, futhi ekuqaleni kufanele kube njengoba enemininingwane ngokunokwenzeka ukuze silungise zonke izimbangela okwenzekayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uyofunda ukuthi intuitively ekuboneni imithombo ebalulekile ngempela izinkinga.

Ekunqumeni ku ukuqoqwa idatha, kufanele amakhadi izibalo ukubhaliswa athuthukile. Ngokuvamile it yakha noma amatafula charting idatha athumba ngesikhathi ngezikhawu ezithile. Le datha ke ihlanganiswe futhi kusetshenziswe indiza ngesimo amachashazi. Ukuze kusheshiswe kufanele elinye igxathu eliya phambili zokuhlela ulwazi wathola ukuze sandise (ukuhlanganisa) Izinkomba efanayo kakhulu.

Thina uthumele ulwazi ungene iphepha

Ukwakha ishadi Pareto kuyadingeka ukulungiselela itafula lapho ukwenza ranzhirovannnye okutholakele. Kulokhu cabanga isici imvamisa kokuvela. Idatha ethebuleni kufanele afakwe wehla oda (futhi, ukuze ukusheshisa le nqubo).

Ukulungiselela ukwakhiwa indiza umdwebo kuhilela isicelo ezimbili mpo wokulinganisa izikali eyodwa ovundlile. I kwesokunxele eksisi eqonde ngqo phezulu likhombisa inani lezehlakalo wesici ethile, futhi ilungelo ephawula iphesenti. I eksisi evundla ugobe zonke izici e lehla oda imvamisa. Ekugcineni kubhagrafu okumelwe liphendukele kulo.

Lokhu kulandelwa ezuziwe imali ijika - ukuxhuma amachashazi ngenhla nemigoqo ngokuchaza iphesenti isici value (based ngakwesokudla-eksisi) ijika. Pareto ishadi yakhiwe! Uhlaziyo yi elandelayo etholwe, zembula ukuthi "kancane ukubaluleka" futhi nokwandisa ibhizinisi.

ezibalulekile

• Kuyadingeka ukuba uthuthukise ukusebenza kuphela nemingcele ebekiwe; akudingekile ukuba siqonde konke ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuba uthole ukuthi bahlanganyele izinsiza (izici) ukuthi babe nethonya elikhulu kakhulu umkhiqizo wenkampani.

• Kuyo yonke inqubo ekwakheni ishadi ukwenza ukuhlaziywa, ezama ukulahla zonke ezibalulekile okungenani. Ngisho ngaphandle isipiliyoni, umhlaziyi intuitively uyaqonda ukuthi yini ebaluleke ngempela, nokuthi - akukho.

Umthetho Pareto sika ingasetshenziswa kuphi

kunemibono yanamuhla kusikisela ukuthi kukhona indlela jikelele kokuhlaziywa "zonke izinto" - Pareto ishadi. Isibonelo inkampani kunoma iyiphi umkhakha akusona isimanga. ochwepheshe abaningi banamuhla baye Uthumele Ingxenye 80/20 kuyo yonke imikhakha yokuphila kwethu.

I iSilekeleli Sokwazisa, isibonelo, kutuswa ukuba senzeni kunikezwa ilula futhi kulula. Kuyinto le mizamo sakugcina kungaveza imiphumela esiphezulu. Isikhathi Ukuphathwa uhlongoza sihlaziye umsebenzi kosuku futhi ukukhomba imisebenzi "engenamsebenzi '. Wena ngempela kusimangaze ukuthola isikhathi esiningi khulula.

ezithakazelisayo nakakhulu ukusebenzisa umthetho Pareto ekuphileni kwakhe siqu. Ngemva kokubukeza uhlu othintana nabo efonini yakho, ungakwazi kalula ukuhlonza 20% abantu efanele futhi ezithakazelisayo ngubani uhlakulele. Odokotela bengqondo ukuncoma ukuqeda asele 80% izibopho. Futhi yini esingayifunda ukusho ngezinto ezisizungezile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke! Umbono ukuthi into ayifunwanga ungakapheli nonyaka, ungalingi singaba usizo kabi - akukusha.

Sebenzisa umthetho Pareto sika - futhi ukuphila kuyoba mnandi futhi ezimibalabala ngaphezulu!