Ukuthuthukiswa Human embryonic

Ukuthuthukiswa umbungu esibelethweni sowesifazane siqukethe izinkathi ezintathu.

I ahlukahlukene entuthuko sombungu.

Isikhathi sokuqala iqala lapho Ukungena singene lesizalo umgodi we esibelethweni kuchubeke naso ngesonto lokuqala. Ngalesi sikhathi ama- ukuthuthukiswa embryonic we umuntu kufaka izitho ibhukumaka eyinhloko, ukwakheka izinhlelo extraembryonic ukuze kamuva ukuqinisekisa khona umbungu ukuze imfundo eligcwele lazo zonke izinhlelo eziyishumi nemitshingo.

Ukuze nenkanuko edlulele oyinhloko kwesibeletho we esibelethweni ukuze azigcine ekhuthele ekukhuleni kwayo. Kwakheka cell izingqimba - ngesisekelo okuyinto izibilini uzobe kamuva kwamiswa. Amandla Iqanda uthola by Ukuqedwa amaseli ebusweni endometrium ngamangqamuzana ombungu. Ngakho, i-fetus ihamba ujule ngalo ingaphakathi futhi kuvikelwe therein. ukubusa Okugcwele ngokuvamile eqeda ngosuku yeshumi nambili emva kokukhulelwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abaningi iseli uqala ukwandisa kakhulu, it is leyabantu amashidi ezimbili: yangaphakathi (endoderm) kanye yangaphandle (yi-ectoderm) leaf sombungu. Ngemva kwesonto lesithathu esesibelethweni kwakhiwa mesoderm - leaf lesithathu, elise phakathi ezinye ezimbili. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-embryo yomuntu, ikakhulukazi, izitho zayo zangaphakathi ngenxa kuzokwenzeka kusukela lezi izingqimba lwegciwane.

I yi-ectoderm isisekelo ukwakheka koqweqwe lwawo yamazinyo, izingqimba engenhla isikhumba, neuropathy (nodes) kanye central (asebuchosheni nomgogodla) isimiso sezinzwa. Futhi wabeka nezinzwa (emehlweni nokuzwa, izindawo olfactory futhi gustatory zomzimba).

I kwangaphakathi iseli ungqimba (endoderm) isisekelo ukwakheka izinhlelo zokuphefumula futhi wokugaya ukudla.

Mesoderm ezihilelekile ekwakhekeni kweNhlangano zemisipha, senhliziyo, excretory, futhi izinhlelo zokuzala.

ukuthuthukiswa embryonic esikhathini sokuqala sihlanganisa abantu iseli wokusabalalisa. Omunye wabo lwakha chorion - eyinhloko ulwelwesi fetus. Chorion villi embozwe elincane kamuva sikhule ulwelwesi kwesibeletho futhi ngaleyo ndlela yakha placenta. Enye ingxenye yeseli abathintekayo ekudalweni kwezitho extraembryonic.

ukuthuthukiswa embryonic uhamba womuntu ku esigabeni lweviki yesibili. It ngokuthi kwesikhathi sombungu. Qhubeka lesi sinyathelo ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbili esesibelethweni. Phakathi nale nkathi, kukhona kumiswa zonke izitho ezibalulekile.

Ngalesi sikhathi futhi yakha imithambo yegazi eyinhloko. Kusukela esifundeni ekhanda kwamaseli umbungu bendlulela engxenyeni phakathi kwangaphakathi futhi yangaphandle iseli ungqimba. Umphumela kuzithinta lwegciwane.

Into ebalulekile ukuze kwesikhathi yesibili kumiswa placenta kusukela chorion.

Kusukela ngesonto wesishiyagalolunye sokukhulelwa futhi kuze kube umntwana zokugcina yesithathu - fetus - inkathi. Human ukuthuthukiswa embryonic ngalesi sikhathi libhekene ukuzuzwa ukuvuthwa ezigcwele zonke izakhiwo omzimba kwakhiwa.

Kusukela ngesonto lesishiyagalolunye basungula uhlelo endocrine. Kuvele ukukhiqizwa kwaqina hormone adingekayo ukuze ikhule. Ikakhulukazi okubalulekile insulin. Ekupheleni kwenyanga yesithathu iphela nokuvuthwa umzanyana, naso ekuqaleni ukukhiqiza ama-hormone ayo.

Ukuya ukuthuthukiswa zobuchopho wavuthwa iminyango iwukuthi imuphi kule nhlangano wokuqala we-fetus.

mzimba lwemfundvo izophela kwesonto weshumi nesishiyagalombili wokukhula kwengane esiswini. umzimba wengane oyenza amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ukuthuthukisa. Ikhishwa futhi izingxenye ezakha isegazini izivikeli mzimba umbungu - interferon futhi immunoglobulin. Ubende iqala ukusebenza.

Izinguquko ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni yamaphaphu senziwe ngesonto amabili nane. Owenza anezikhwama esibulalayo ngawo kuba kungenzeka ukuba afeze umoya.

Ngenyanga yesikhombisa esesibelethweni kukhona ukukhula imisipha namathambo komzimba, ukuze umzimba wengane siya ezingaphezu kuka ikhanda lakhe.

Phakathi nenyanga wesishiyagalolunye asebenzayo kwesisindo kwenzeka. Ingane kule nkathi iba egcwele eside futhi abavuthiwe.