Ukufakwa ophahleni: i ubuchwepheshe imfundo. Ukufakwa ophahleni ngezandla zakhe

Uphahla liyisici ophahleni. Siqukethe isizinda kanye ikhava. Ukufakwa kophahla kuyadingeka ukuvikela indlu emvuleni umonakalo lokukhanda.

Ukwakhiwa kophahla

Noma yimuphi ukwakhiwa kophahla inalokhu zici ezilandelayo:

• kummango;
• ihhashi;
• empambana ramps (kwesigodi razzhelobki);
• eziphephile kulo uphahla futhi gables;
• amanzi ohlelweni.

Uphahla siqukethe isizinda (lath flooring noma okuqinile) nesigubungelo (ngezinto zemvelo, polymer itiyela, uthayela). Kuyinto, kwakha isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi, okuyinto aboshelwe izigaba eziningana, futhi ngokuvumelana nemithetho ethile kuphela.

Zophahla impahla kumele bahlangabezane nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo:

1. Ukuvikela amanzi.
2. Ukumelana emkhathini.
3. Ukumelana ukugqwala.
4. eyigeza.
5. Ukuvikeleka.

I ezinengilazi ezivamile metal nensimbi.

Ukufakwa kophahla metal. imfundo

Roof ogibele uhlelo truss. Ngesisekelo silingana kumpambuko, le ngezifiso ubukhulu amashidi ngaphansi kwazo. Lezi kungaba ejwayelekile noma adizaynwe ngokwezifiso. Kahle ubukhulu Ishidi 4-4.5 m. Ziyakwazi kulula ukukhweza ukusonteka ezishisayo ngeke aphule ngezikulufo. Ububanzi zokusebenza ishidi kuthathe ngaphansi 8-12 cm (ucabangela kokuncishiswa). margin Verticala 15 cm.

Ukubeka ungangenisi amanzi

Uphahla ayivumeli kwezulu ukuwela endlini futhi ohlelweni truss, kodwa ngaphansi kuba njalo cindezela umswakama ephinde adinga isivikelo. Lapho-ke iyasha buqeda zensimbi izakhiwo lokhuni sebeqala ukubola. Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kophahla kudingeka ungangenisi amanzi kanye umoya omncane. Ukuze isikhala phansi kwemijondolo nge air, phezulu kanye izikhala ngezansi ukwenza ngesilinganiso 1/100 of endaweni yonke ophahleni.

Le ifilimu is avule nendawo, kusukela phansi kuze, nge ukugqagqana 15 cm on ukwesekwa lokhuni. Kokulilungisa kwenziwa ngosizo ukwakhiwa stapler. Musa ukudida ohlangothini phezulu kanye phansi ifilimu. Ungangenisi amanzi zingenziwa profiled ukuthuthukisa ukupholisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi phansi amanzi ageleza.

Uma usebenzisa zifudumele ke ukuvimbela umswakama ukugcwaliswa ukupholisa yayo ezimbili-do, ne izikhala ezingaba ngu-50 mm.

Indlela ukukhweza likhreyithi

Ngaphansi metal wasebenzisa ibhodi 32h100 mm. Ukuqala Batten odlulayo ezansi, isethwe mkhulu kunabanye ngesikhathi ibambene igagasi. Isinyathelo lincike ohlotsheni zensimbi, ngoba profile yayo ingase ibe khona ehlukile. Docking amabhodi ekhiqizwa emishayweni. Ukuze rigidity enkulu emalungeni kufanele kube uhlelo enye.

Ubude yonke ugema phezulu wabethelwa amabhodi nhlangothi zombili ophahla. Ngaphansi emalungeni imisebe (nesigodi), azungeze noshimula futhi ukupholisa amapayipi wenza eqinile.

It lathing nibonakala onikezwe gable eziphephile obuphelele (cishe ngo-50 cm). Abethela bar phansi - kusukela uphahla ukuze ugema. It isethwe wayibhinca ekupheleni ilungu okuyinto ixhunyiwe kuze kube semishayweni nemigoqo. Baqhubeka ukugcwalisa eziphephile gable.

On onqenqemeni engezansi semishayweni frontal abethelwe board. Ngaphambi obandayo ikhava, nesigaxa kuyinto isethi uphahla kubakaki nokwanda kuka- 50-60 cm. Indaba ukufulela selibekiwe nge onqenqemeni kusukela lapho amanzi kumele iyangena imali etholakale ngokungemthetho yamukeleke zichichima.

Ukubeka metal

On amaphepha inkatho capillary senziwa ukuvimbela umswakama seeping yaba izingxenye mpo kuyenzeka ihlangane. Ukufakwa kophahla metal ekhiqizwa ukuze inkatho kwaba amagagasi ngaphakathi. Ukunqwabelanisa amashidi ukuqala lapho akufanele unqanyulwe. Izindlela zingase zihluke, kodwa ube le mithetho elandelayo jikelele kubo bonke:

• nezikulufi screwed emikhombeni igagasi, lapho amashidi Abut uvalwe kuya sheathing;
• metal emhlabeni ekupheleni ubuso ibhodi ogibele cross-iphrofayela ngayinye;
• ukugqagqana mpo uxhuma nezikulufi yehlela wave;
• amashidi bakhangwa Batten ngamunye.

Ukubeka imigqa eziningana kuyinto ta6

1. Kusukela kwesokudla kuya kwesokunxele ezibekwe ishidi 1st, bakubheka ekupheleni kwayo kanye onqenqemeni.
2. Ziwumthwalo phezulu kulandela uwafake isikhungo phezulu okwesikhashana.
3. Dub amashidi, banamathele nomunye nge ngezikulufo.
4. Ngokufanayo, wonke irowu kwaleso esibekiwe, esinguJesu bese wenza kokungathembeki yokugcina metal.

Single-irowu nokupakisha Yenziwe uphahla ukuze ugema.

compounds eziyinkimbinkimbi

Ukuze Ukumaka ngendlela isicelo ezigodini lomnyango "parallelogram" zebhodi. Metal ahlabayo wabeka phezu kophahla nge enamathela. Omunye ibhodi mpo kufanele zitholakale esigodini ophahleni, zifana kuya ke - ku-non-leaf. On lwalumumethe emgqeni lapho ahlabayo kwenziwa. Ngokufanayo uzilungiselele enamathela etshekile lamagquma.

imisebe amalunga omzimba zenziwa ngendlela efanayo. Ngezansi esigodini aphansi lamapulangwe laphezu kwazo kulotshiwe ngokwamazwi - metal. Lapho esebekwe ukuba abe phezu esigodini engenhla. Ngaphansi kwazo abeke uphawu amanzi nemithi ukungena nakwamanye amazwe ukugcina umswakama seeping ngaphandle.

Chimney ivaliwe Amabha contiguity, ifaniswe umbala metal. Ingxenye engenhla basuke ifakwe anemifantu ukusika, propylene grinder e ebeka ipayipi futhi phansi - kuya sheathing. Kusukela ngaphakathi kushimula ethe njo futhi aqoshiwe waterproof ukugoqa ifilimu uhlobo Ekobit. Outdoor "iphinifa" eyenza umsebenzi zokuhlobisa futhi ibekwe emhlabeni ipayipi.

Emva ukufakwa ophahleni zizokwenziwa, ukulaya inikeza emhlabathini waso uma umbani iziteleka akuyona induku umbani, futhi kophahla lwendlu.

Yeka ukuthi kuyinto ukufakwa ikhava?

ukufulela Ochwepheshe ukufakwa izindleko kuphezulu, kodwa izinga kuyoba ephakeme kakhulu kunalokho ukwenza ngokwakho. Ikakhulukazi Imisebenzi eprofetjhinali okufanele isetshenziswe Ukunquma okukhipha ngophahla, futhi uma kudingekile ukusebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile.

Amanani ukufakwa uphahla njalo ulele futhi kuze kufinyelele ayizinkulungwane 2.5-3. Deda. / M ^2. Ekuphetheni inkontileka kufanelekile ukuxoxa isinyathelo ngasinye ngokuningiliziwe. Khona-ke izindleko zingancishiswa ayizinkulungwane 1.8-2. Hlikihla. / M ^2.

ophahleni umphetho. Ukukhweza, bhukwana

Nothayela axhunyiwe ngu emphethweni. Izinto eziyisisekelo steel, aluminium, zethusi. Ikakhulukazi eshaya enamathela wethusi.

izakhi ukufulela abizwa ngokuthi amaphethini. Emaphethelweni emapheshana kanye emthambekeni kuyenziwa ukuma, futhi ovundlile - ongasanyakazi. Amadivayisi seaming emphethweni kungenzeka ibhukwana noma electromechanical.

Izinzuzo ophahleni ukuma umphetho:

• ebusweni flatness kusiza ukususwa inhlabathi;
• lula ukwakhiwa;
• plasticity indaba, ukuvumela ukudala ifomu eziyinkimbinkimbi cover;
• lula uphahla.

I yokuntula zihlanganisa kalula ukusonteka plastic kanye nesidingo amathuluzi esikhethekile seaming welts. Ezinye imiklamo abazenzi self-ukukhiya, lapho kwakwakhe Kwenziwa ngokumane ngokucindezela emaphethelweni. Ngokufanayo, luthi alufane kungaba zisuswe.

ukufulela umphetho kusetshenziswa khona uhlelo emthambekeni ummango esingekho ngaphansi 14º. Ngezinye engeli ezincane (kusuka 7º) uvunyelwe kuphela zibe zimbi nakakhulu umphetho double nge uphawu sealant ka abicah.

Kumila siqinile noma ngesimo ikesi. akufanele sivumele ophahleni sagged. Ezindaweni lapho enamathela abuts amaphayiphi, izindonga uphahla, base kuyadingeka okuqhubekayo. Uphahla kungenziwa agibele amahhashi ngqo ku ungqimba ukwahlukanisa.

Zingangenwa ngamanzi kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo njengoba uma ufaka metal. Walala phezu imishayo futhi fixed nge stapler, befaka gasket kubakaki ngenxa yokwanda ngamandla uxhumano. Ukudala iyunifomu ukupholisa igebe ifilimu asekelwe komzila, nendawo ukugqagqana iqinile esisekelweni esiqinile.

Ngokwesiko, ukufakwa kophahla kwenziwe kanje.

1. Ngokusondela ishidi metal izikhala bafa futhi imiphetho insaliwe.
2. Imidwebo ezibekwe phezu kophahla futhi axhumene.
3. I enamathela eqondiswa capping sheathing engena komunye umkhawulo umphetho.
4. Zonke Imiphumela ophahleni ivaliwe izibhinco.

Indaba sewebhu lasakazekela ubude lonke ophahla. uphahla okunjalo ukukhweza ubuchwepheshe kunezinzuzo e ukuthi akudingi uxhumano ovundlile. Ngenxa yalokho, ophahleni kuyinto moya ngaphezulu.

isiphetho

Phakathi ekwakhiweni kophahla kudinga amakhono athile, ikakhulukazi uma kwenziwa ukufulela umphetho. Ukufakwa neziyalezo kuye, unawo wonke amathuluzi nezingxenye - akugcini, zazo izinga ophahleni kuncike. ukukhiqizwa ngamunye inezici nobuchwepheshe ukuthi anqwabelene kanye nakho, futhi isidingo sabo ukwazi.

Ukufakwa kophahla ngezandla zabo njalo kuyinselele, ikakhulu ngokuya ubuqotho. Abaningi ophahleni ukuvuza kusuka ezifakwa noma ngabe lakhiwa ochwepheshe. Ngakho-ke, kufanele acabangisise amathuba, ukugwema ukuphinda ushintshe enamathela.

Uma umsebenzi ukwenza bebodwa, ngaphandle asebenzise amasevisi ochwepheshe, kungasetshenziswa izinto kangcono futhi ezibiza kakhulu ukuthi ukwandisa nokwethenjelwa ophahla. Advantageously oyi umkhuba ekwakhiweni kophahla izinto ezingabalulekile kangako, ezifana engotsheni.