Idatha yokufaka edingekayo yokuklama

Idatha yokuqala esetshenziswe ekwakheni izinto zokwakha noma, isibonelo, izakhi zengqalasizinda yezimboni, idlala indima ebalulekile ekusungulweni kwamadokhumenti, asetshenziselwa ukuqaliswa kwamaphrojekthi afanelekayo. Yiziphi izici zeqoqo labo? Yiziphi izinhlobo ezingahle zibikwe?

Kuyini okuyisisekelo sokuqala kwedatha yokuklama?

Idatha yokuqala yokuklama yilezi zincwadi eziboniswa emibhalweni eyenziwa ngokubamba iqhaza kwezihloko zobuhlobo bomthetho obuvela ngaphakathi kwemingcele yokufeza lokhu noma leyo phrojekthi. Ngokuvamile, isakhiwo.

Ngakho-ke, umthombo oyinhloko wokuxhumana kwabalingani abasebenzisa iphrojekthi ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo noma isakhiwo ekwakhiwa noma esilungisiwe kungaba yisivumelwano esayinwe yibo. Kungenziwa ukwesekwa ngamadokhumenti lapho idatha esemqoka yomthombo wokuklama, isibonelo, isabelo sobuchwepheshe, kubhaliwe. Ngokuvamile kubhala izifiso zomthengi, imigomo yeprojekthi, izidingo ezihlukahlukene zezobuchwepheshe.

Uhlu lwemininingwane yokuqala yokuklama lungacweliswa ngokucabangela imininingwane ethile yeprojekthi ethile, kanye nemibandela yokuqaliswa kwayo. Ukuqoqwa kolwazi oludingekile ngaphakathi kukwakhiwa kungenziwa ngokuqondile kumakhasimende noma ngenhlangano yephrojekthi, uma lokhu kuchazwe ngesivumelwano phakathi kwabo.

Ukwakhiwa kwedatha yokuqala

Ngaphansi kweyiphi i-algorithm engakwazi ukuqoqwa kwedatha yokuqala yokuklama?

Okokuqala, ochwepheshe obhekene nokubunjwa kolwazi olucatshangelwe kufanele ajwayele ulwazi oluthile lwendawo ehlongozwayo. Ukwenza lokhu, kungase kudingeke ukuthi akhulume ngenkuthalo nekhasimende. Esikhathini sokuxhumana ngalezi zihloko, zonke izinhlobo zolwazi oludingekile kumele zishintshwe, okudingekayo ekubunjweni kwamadokhumenti ephrojekthi.

Idatha yokuqala yokwakhiwa kokwakhiwa ibuye iqoqwe ngesikhathi sokuxhumana phakathi kwamakhasimende kanye nenhlangano ehlongozayo ekutholeni imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe zesakhiwo yiqembu eliphoqelekile. Lesi simo sibaluleke kakhulu kusukela ekubukeni kokuthuthukiswa kwamadokhumenti ephrojekthi yekhwalithi.

Esinye isinyathelo esibalulekile ekuqoqweni kwedatha eyisisekelo kuthola izimvume ezidingekayo ezivela kubalawuli, uma lokhu kuyadingeka ngokusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni komsebenzi othize. Umthuthukisi wezincwadi zeprojekthi kufanele azijwayele ngolwazi mayelana nokuthi amaminerali atholakala ensimini yomsebenzi: ukutholakala kwalo lwazi kungathonya ukwakheka kwamapulani ahlobene nokuthola imibhalo ethile yokugunyazwa.

Inhlangano yephrojekthi ingadinga ukuzijwayeza ngokuningiliziwe ngolwazi olurekhodini lombuso - njengokuthi, isibonelo, i-GKN, kanye ne-EGRP. Ezimweni eziningi, ukujwayela nabo kuhamba phambili esiteji lapho umklami anquma ukuthi iyiphi idatha yokuqala yokuqoqwa okufanele iqoqwe lapho inhlangano ifeza izibopho zayo ngaphansi kwenkontileka ethile.

Umsebenzi obalulekile olandelayo womklami ukuxhumanisa nomlingani indawo yomsebenzi wokwakhiwa, izindawo lapho izinto ezakhiwe khona kufanele zitholwe khona.

Esinye isigaba esibalulekile somsebenzi wenhlangano ukulungiswa kwesimiso sokuthola iziqephu zomhlaba esekelwe kolwazi oluboniswa ebalazweni le-cadastral.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi uhlu oluthile lwemininingwane yomthombo luqoqwa ngokusekelwe ezimeni zenkampani ethile, futhi inqubo yokwakheka kwayo ingabonakaliswa nenani elikhulu lama-nuances.

Cabanga ukuthi uluhlu olunjani lwemininingwane yokuqala engasetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi wokwakha kungaba.

Uhlu olujwayelekile lwemininingwane yokuqala ekwakheni: imininingwane yamadokhumenti

Idatha yokuqala yokuklama emkhakheni wokwakhiwa ingabelwa, okokuqala, ngezidingo zamadokhumenti eziyisisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwamadokhumenti. Isibonelo:

- uhlelo lwesifundazwe, lwesifunda, lomasipala noma lomnyango;

- isenzo somthetho esilawulayo sogunyaziwe esiphathimandla ezingeni likahulumeni noma lesifunda, umasipala;

- isinqumo esikhishwe abaphathi benkampani.

Futhi, kuhlelwe futhi ukulungisa idatha yokuqala, okumele itholakale ukuze ilungiselele ngqo imibhalo yephrojekthi.

Idatha yokuqala yokulungiselela amaphepha ephrojekthi

Kulokhu, sikhuluma ngokubunjwa kwemithombo elandelayo:

- imisebenzi yokuqaliswa kokuklama, uma amadokhumenti elungiswa ngesisekelo sesivumelwano;

- Amadokhumenti okubika emiphumeleni yomsebenzi wezobunjiniyela;

- imibhalo yetayitela ehlobene nenjongo yelprojekthi yokwakhiwa kwezindlu ezinkulu, uma kungumbuzo wayo;

- uhlelo lokuhlelwa kwedolobha lwesayithi, oluthunyelwa ekwakhiweni kwento yokwakhiwa kwezimali ezinkulu, - kuvunyelwe, futhi kubhaliswe ngokuhambisana nenqubo esungulwe;

- imibhalo ephathelene nokusetshenziswa kweziqephu lapho amandla okulawulwa kwedolobha angakwazi ukunwetshwa;

- Imibandela yobuchwepheshe enqunywe ngokuhambisana neKhodi yokuThuthukiswa kwamaDolobha yaseRussia kanye nezinye izinyathelo zokulawula;

- imibhalo yokuqinisekisa isivumelwano sokuphutha emithethweni ehleliwe ezimweni zobuchwepheshe ;

- imibhalo ngokuphambene nemikhakha emisiwe yokwakha yokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo, uma lokhu kuyadingeka ngokusekelwe kulokho okushiwo yiprojekthi ethile;

- izenzo ezinikezwe ngumnikazi wesakhiwo, ekuqedeni, uma kudingeke uhlelo lokusebenzisa iphrojekthi;

- izinqumo zombuso kamasipala uma kwenzeka kuthathwa isigwebo esifanele;

- ulwazi mayelana nalokho okushiwo ngenhloso yokusebenza kwendawo, isakhiwo sokukhiqiza, izici zemikhiqizo noma izinsizakalo - kuhlaka lomsebenzi ebhizinisini lombhizinisi;

- idatha ngezidingo zalesi sakhiwo ezinhlotsheni ezithile zikagesi, igesi, amanzi, ugesi;

- ulwazi ngomthamo wokuklama owuphawu lwesakhiwo, uma unenhloso yezimboni;

- idatha ezindaweni okufanele zisetshenziswe ekusetshenzisweni komsebenzi wokwakha;

- ulwazi ukuthi yiziphi izigaba zomhlaba ezizosetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa;

- idatha emalini yemali okumelwe ithunyelwe kubanikazi bomhlaba ukuze bahlawulele ukulahlekelwa okungenzeka;

- idatha ekusetshenzisweni kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene kanye nemiphumela yocwaningo ekusetshenzisweni kwalo msebenzi;

- ukulungiswa kwamathuba atholakalayo ekusetshenzisweni kweprojekthi ngaphakathi kohlaka lwezigaba ezihlukene;

- Ulwazi mayelana nezindleko ezihleliwe, ezihlobene nesikhathi sangasese sengqalasizinda esendaweni yokwakha;

- izakhiwo zendawo yezinto ezithile ezihloswe, ukuzimisela kwemingcele ye-servitudes, uma lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kusetshenziswe iphrojekthi.

Lolu hlu lwolwazi luyamangalisa kakhulu, kodwa alukwazi ukubhekwa njengophelelekile.

Idatha yokuqala yokuklama ingase ifakwe yizo eziqukethwe ezintweni lapho:

- isiphetho ngesakhiwo samakhemikhali wamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, inhlabathi, ukuhlushwa kwezinto ezingcolile endaweni yokwakhiwa;

- ulwazi olutholakalayo, kanye nemithombo ehlongozwayo yokuhlinzeka ngamanzi iphrojekthi, izindawo zokuvikelwa kwamanzi, ukucindezelwa kwinethiwekhi yokunikezela kwamanzi, ikhwalithi yamanzi, izinhlelo zokuthuthwa kwamanzi;

- ukulungiswa kwezindlela zokubeka ingqalasizinda yokunikezela ukushisa;

- idatha emipayipi, ukuqiniswa kwenqubo yokuxhuma kwezakhi ezihlukahlukene zengqalasizinda ngaphakathi kwiprojekthi, izinhlelo zokulawula izithuthi, izinhlelo ze-alamu, amanethiwekhi wokuxhumana, ithelevishini;

- idatha ekubhaliseni izimvume ezihlukahlukene zezinhlobo, kanye nemingcele ephethini;

- ukulungiswa kwendlela yokwakha amapayipi, kanye nemingcele yendawo evikelwe.

Idatha yokuqala kwizixazululo zobuchwepheshe

Kunolunye ulwazi olufanele mayelana nalokho okudingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe iphrojekthi. Ngakho-ke, idatha yokuqala yokuklama ingafakwa ngokwengeziwe ngolwazi oluhlobene nezixazululo zobuchwepheshe ngaphakathi kohlaka lwephrojekthi. Okuthiwa:

- kubonisa amaqiniso mayelana nenqubo yokukhiqiza, izici zobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, izidingo zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwezomnotho, ulwazi oluthile lwemithombo esetshenziselwa izidingo zebhizinisi;

- kufaka phakathi izici zemithombo yokunikezela enkampanini yezinto ezibonakalayo nezinto zokwakha, uma ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zezimboni kwenziwa ngaphakathi kohlaka lomsebenzi;

- equkethe incazelo yezidingo ezihlukahlukene kumingcele yokuvumela ukukhiqizwa, ngaphandle kwalokho, uma kungumbuzo wezinto zezimboni;

- kubandakanya ukulungiswa kwezinkomba, kanye nezici zezinqubo zezobuchwepheshe ezenziwa ebhizinisini;

- kubonisa incazelo yezinhlobo zezinsiza ezisizayo zokuthutha, ezokuthutha, kanye nezinqubo ezehlukene.

Yimiphi eminye imingcele okuzodinga ukuthi ichaziwe kumadokhumenti? Ukuqoqwa kwedatha yokuqala yokuklama kungenziwa futhi ngenhloso yokwakha imithombo ebonisa ulwazi ezinhlanganweni ezibandakanya ubudlelwane bomthetho.

Idatha yokuqala ekuqaleni kwabahlanganyeli bobudlelwane bomthetho

Ngakho, mayelana nemibhalo efanele, kufanele ibonise idatha:

- incazelo yenkontileka jikelele, kanye nokutholakala kobuchwepheshe, izinsiza zabantu;

- emakhono okwenza ubuchwepheshe benhlangano;

- ngezimo zobuchwepheshe zokuxhuma izakhiwo kumanethiwekhi ahlukahlukene obuchwepheshe, ingqalasizinda yokuxhumana, ekutholakaleni kwemigwaqo endaweni yokwakhiwa;

- ngencazelo yezindawo zokuqaliswa kwezidingo ezahlukene zobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza.

Olunye uhlobo lwedokhumenti, ngaphakathi lapho idatha yokuqala ingadingeka khona, yilezo ezihambisana nesilinganiso sokwakhiwa.

Idatha yokuqala ekuqaleni kokulinganisa kokwakhiwa

Idatha yokuklama yokwakhiwa kwendawo efanelekile kule mithombo ingafaka:

- izici eziyisisekelo ezidingekayo ekwakheni izilinganiso, isibonelo, ubusika okwesikhashana, okuhleliwe, kanye nama-invoyisi;

- uhlelo lokuletha izinto ezihlukahlukene endaweni yesakhiwo.

Ukulungiswa kwedatha yokuqala yokuklama kungenziwa nakwezinye izindawo ezingahlobene ngqo nokwakhiwa. Isibonelo, emkhakheni wokushisa. Ake sicabangele ukuthi idatha yokuqala yokuklamo yezobuchwepheshe ingakhiwa kanjani esinqumweni sezinkinga kule ndawo esinikeziwe.

Idatha yokuqala ye-machining

Ulwazi olukulo mbuzo luvame ukulotshwa kumadokhumenti amakhulu alandelayo:

- imidwebo, izimo zezobuchwepheshe, ukubonisa okucacile kwenkinga, kanye nokwamukelwa komkhiqizo;

- imidwebo lapho kubonakala khona izikhala zokuqala, ezihlobene nokufakelwa;

- izabelo zokukhiqiza zokukhishwa komkhiqizo, lapho ivolumu ingagcinwa khona, kanye nemigomo yokukhululwa kwezimpahla.

Lapho ulungiselela amaphepha afanelekile, isihloko sezobudlelwane zomthetho kufanele sicabange, okokuqala, okuqondene nenhlangano yokukhiqiza.

Ngakho-ke, ukuqoqwa kwedatha yokuqala yokuklama kungabandakanya ukucabangela izici zemishini yezimboni, izinga lokuhlinzekwa kwenhlangano ngamathuluzi adingekayo, izindlela, abasebenzi. Umsebenzi wezobuchwepheshe olungiselela amaphepha okuxoxwa ngawo kufanele usekelwe ezinhlinzekweni zezenzo ezijwayelekile, izinkomba, imiqulu ehlukene, izigaba, amazinga afanele emkhakheni wokukhiqiza lapho ibhizinisi lisebenza khona.

Ukucaciswa kwegatsha yencazelo yedatha yomthombo

Kukhona futhi imboni ethize yokwakhiwa kwedatha yokuqala. Yini engaba nayo?

Okokuqala, isidingo sokulandela imigomo yemithetho ehlukahlukene yembonini. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, kukhona ukuhlinzeka ngemininingwane yokuqala yokuklama, evunywe yiSekela likaNgqongqoshe Wezezimboni we-Russian Federation ngoJanuwari 30, 2002. Lo mthombo womthetho ulawula indlela okufanele kudalwe ngayo idatha yokuqala ukuze kuvezwe umkhiqizo okhishwe amabhizinisi embonini yamakhemikhali.

Kulesi simo, amandla alo mkhuba ojwayelekile asebenza kuwo wonke amabhizinisi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiluhlobo luni lwebhizinisi nolomthetho. Umthethonqubo we-data wokuqala wokuklama ovunyelwe umkhakha wamakhemikhali ubeka indlela okwakhiwa ngayo, inqubo yokuthuthukiswa, ukucubungula, inqubo yokwamukelwa, kanye nokwamukelwa kolwazi olufanele, kufanele kutholakale.

Ukwakhiwa kwedatha yokuqala kanye nomthetho wokulawula

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi isenzo se-normative yesenzo - Ukuhlinzekwa kwedatha yokuqala - kuhlanganisa nemigomo lapho, ekuthuthukiseni amadokhumenti, ochwepheshe abanekhono kufanele futhi aqondiswe yizinhlinzeko zemithetho kahulumeni. Isibonelo, njenge-Federal Law No. 116-FZ, eyamukelwa ngo-21.07.1997, elawula izindaba zokuphepha ezimbonini.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwemininingwane yokuqala, ukuklanywa kwamadokhumenti lapho ulwazi oludingekayo ekufezeni amaphrojekthi athile luzobonakala, ngakho-ke kufanele lusekelwe ezinhlinzekweni zezenzo ezijwayelekile ezingamkelwa emazingeni ahlukene. Yiqiniso, akuwona kuphela imithombo evamile ezingeni lemithetho yenhlangano noma izenzo zomthetho zomnyango ezingacatshangelwa, kodwa futhi nemigomo yendawo ekhonjiswe emibhalweni yokuphatha ye-intracorporate.