Uhlelo lwezemfundo e China: Incazelo ukuthuthukiswa

China - ezweni yesimanje ethembisa, okuyinto eminyakeni yamuva has a isikhundla okuholela hhayi kuphela ezimakethe zomhlaba, kodwa futhi emkhakheni impucuko kanye nesayensi. Kulesi sihloko sizofunda ngokuthi singakugwema kanjani phinda ohlelweni lwezemfundo e China kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo kuze kube namuhla. Siphinde akutshele mayelana amanyuvesi ebaluleke kakhulu kuleli zwe futhi mayelana nendlela abantu bakwamanye amazwe ungakwazi ubhalisele kubo.

Imfundo e China lasendulo

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, amaShayina bayayiqaphela yini lihlotshaniswa ulwazi oluningi nokufunda. Othisha, ososayensi, ama-philosophers kanye izimbongi abangu abantu abahloniphekile, wayevame eziphakeme kweluhlelo lwahulumende ngalokuyimphumelelo. Basic ulwazi izingane zithole emkhayeni - bona ziye zafundiswa ukuba zihloniphe abantu abadala futhi ukulandela inkambiso yokuziphatha emphakathini. Ngo emikhayeni ekhomba ngophakathi nezingane iminyaka emithathu wafundisa kanye nekubala. Kusukela ngineminyaka engu-abafana ayisithupha aya esikoleni, lapho afunda khona ubuciko ifa isikhali, ogibele, umculo nokubhala izinhlamvu Chinese. Emadolobheni amakhulu, abafundi zingase zidlulisele amazinga ezimbili imfundo - eyinhloko nangaphezulu. Ngokuvamile, izingane zifunda izikhulu nezakhamuzi ezicebile, ngoba izindleko ukuqeqeshwa yayiphezulu ngokwanele. Ezikoleni zasemaphandleni, abafundi bahlala izincwadi usuku lonke, angazanga ngamaholide nemidlalo fun. Kwakungekhona ezingavamile futhi kuhlawuliswa - esikhundleni izimbali wazala Nokho izingane balukhulume bamboo induku, iphasela enhle. Nokho, ulwazi eziye bathola ezindongeni esikoleni zazinzima ayindlala. Abafundi batshelwa ukuthi China - umhlaba wonke, futhi izingane kukhona nombono ofiphele kwenzekani emazweni angomakhelwane. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi indlela amantombazane esikoleni iye ngaphambilini, ngesikhatsi balungiselela kubamba ngoba indima nomama omkhaya. Kodwa imikhaya wekuvana amantombazane afunda ukufunda nokubhala, umdanso, ukudlala izinsimbi zomculo, ngisho ifa ezithile kwezikhali. Nge popularization izimfundiso bakaConfucius umlando Chinese imfundo uthuthele ezingeni elisha. Ngokokuqala ngqá abafundi ukuphathwa ngenhlonipho, wafundisa ukubuza imibuzo futhi uthole izimpendulo. Indlela entsha yokwenza izinto wasiza ukuba sithuthukise inhlonipho ngesayensi zemfundo, kanye nomthelela ukuthi imfundo iye esiyingxenye ebalulekile yenqubomgomo yomphakathi.

Uhlelo lwezemfundo e China

Namuhla, uhulumeni kuleli zwe elikhulu senzani, ukuze izakhamuzi ungafunda. Lena naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi phakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule, U-80% labantu ukufunda. Ngenxa yezinhlelo zikahulumeni ezweni lonke akhe okuvula izikole, amakolishi obuchwepheshe amanyuvesi. Nokho, inkinga iqhubeka ezindaweni zasemakhaya, lapho abantu namanje siphile ngokuvumelana ngamasiko asendulo. Isici esiyinhloko imfundo e China Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi imfundo kuwo wonke amazinga, angatholakala mahhala. Uhlelo ngokwalo kuyafana lowo Russian. Lokho sekuyiminyaka emithathu ubudala uye enkulisa, siyakusebenza iminyaka eyisithupha esikoleni, futhi ngemva liqedwa ngo ekolishi noma esikoleni sokufundela amakhono omsebenzi. Cabanga zonke izinyathelo kabanzi.

imfundo pre-school e China

Njengoba wazi, iningi imindeni kulelizwe ukhulisa ingane eyodwa. Yingakho abazali bayajabula ngokuthi zingakhula izingane eqenjini yezingane. Baby izingadi Chinese zihlukaniswe kwasobala nokwabantu ngabanye. Ekuqaleni a lot of ukunakwa ikhokhelwa nokulungiselela esikoleni, kanti okwesibili - ekuthuthukiseni amakhono zokudala. Leyo misebenzi eyengeziwe like umdanso nomculo kuvame kukhokhelwe ngokwehlukile. Abaningi wokwazi ukuthi abantwana enkulisa, singasetshenziswa umkhuba. Ngokwesibonelo, bafunda isitshalo ngizinakekele. Nathishela ukufunda ukupheka nokulungisa izingubo. Lasekuqaleni yokusondela imfundo, singabona inethiwekhi izinkulisa yangasese "Junín". A lonke ithimba othisha ngaphansi kobuholi Usihlalo Wang Huning eyenzelwe izingane lwezifundo olulodwa.

School e China

Ngaphambi kokuba angene kulelo banga izingane kuqala ibhekane eziningi ukuhlolwa, bese kufakwe umsebenzi sína. Akukona athambise isandla nasezinganeni abafundi icinathunjana abazali ngokuvamile kufanele baqashe othisha abazosiza. emfundweni yeSikole e China yakhiwa ukuze izingane kumele njalo bancintisane for the best. Ngakho-ke, akumangalisi ukuthi umthwalo wonke amakilasi omkhulu. Ekupheleni grade yesikhombisa, zonke abafundi ukuthatha ukuhlolwa, okuzokwenza ukuthi noma ngabe ingane isilungele imfundo ephakeme. Uma kungenjalo, khona-ke indlela ukuba aqhubeke efunda, futhi kamuva kuya umsebenzi ophambili-ke izovalwa. Ngaphambi kokungena abafundi baseyunivesithi kudlule esihlanganisiwe isimo ukuhlolwa, esiqhutshwa ezweni lonke esikhathini esifanayo (By endleleni, lo mbono waboleka futhi lwenteke ngempumelelo eRussia). Minyaka yonke, abantu abakhuluma isiShayina abangu ezingasho baye abaphumelele ukuhlolwa ngempumelelo ku emayunivesithi adumile emhlabeni wonke. Ayakujabulela ukwamukela, ngoba balaba bafundi okhuthele kakhulu futhi ziqoqwa ukufunda njengento ebaluleke kakhulu.

Kanye nezinye izikhungo zemfundo eChina, izikole zomphakathi nje kuphela kodwa futhi yangasese. Abezinye Izizwe zingase ubhalisele noma yisiphi sazo, bephumelele izivivinyo kunesidingo. Esikhathini yangasese esikoleni isenzo, njengoba umthetho, kulula kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuqeqeshwa uqhutshwa izilimi ezimbili (omunye wabo ngesiNgisi) e. Kukhona esikoleni China sika Chinese bakhulume isiRashiya, futhi itholakala emzini Yining.

imfundo yesibili

Njengoba eRussia, zikhona izikole sokufundela aqeqesha abafundi abakhethiwe umsebenzi. Izikhombisi eyinhloko yemfundo yesibili e-China - kuyinto ezolimo, imithi, umthetho, ekhemisi nokunye. Kwaphela iminyaka emithathu noma emine, intsha abe umsebenzi futhi ungaqala ukusebenza. Abezinye Izizwe wathola kulezi izikole, onyakeni wokuqala wenkosi ulimi, futhi lonke elinye isikhathi sokunikezela izifundo zabo.

imfundo ephakeme

Leli zwe inqwaba amanyuvesi zomphakathi ukuthi ukwamukela abafundi ngokuvumelana imiphumela yokuhlolwa esikoleni. Ezemfundo ikhokhelwa, kodwa amanani entengo iphansana. Nokho, izakhamuzi zasemakhaya ngokuvamile ngisho le nkokhelo kubonakala okusezingeni eliphezulu, futhi aphoqelelwa ukuba athathe loans ukuze zithole imfundo. Uma-intern ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu uyavumelana ubuyele akude, bese ubuyela imali akazange abe. Uma unezinhloso ezinkulu futhi afuna ukuqala abanamabhizinisi edolobheni, isikweletu uyobuyela ngokugcwele. Imfundo ephakeme e China iyatholakala kunoma yiluphi umfundi angaphandle osanda kushona isivivinyo ulimi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi ukukhetha uhlelo ngesiNgisi, imfundiso Chinese ngokulinganisa. Ukuze kube lula lithathelwe abafundi bekhuluma kanje, zivame ukukhululeka zixoxe ukuqeqeshwa izifundo zokuqeqesha ulimi. Ngonyaka noma emibili khona ukuqeqeshwa okukhulu umfundi angaya imfundo ekhethekile.

amanyuvesi

Cabanga amanyuvesi ethandwa kakhulu futhi ohlonishwa yezwe:

• Peking University - sikhungo endala zemfundo kuleli zwe ungaphakathi Haydan wesifunda, enye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu zomhlaba. Amazing izingadi, elalikade kwakungekaNkulunkulu lwamakhosi yasebukhosini, wenze izivakashi zinemibono ehlala njalo. Sam campus kuhlanganisa zezemfundo izakhiwo, izindawo zokulala, amathilomu, izindawo zokudla, izitolo nokungcebeleka izikhungo. Umtapo wendawo iyona enkulu kunazo zonke e-Asia.
• Fudan University - omunye omdala kuleli zwe. It is e eyaziwa ukuthi semester lokuqala esikhundleni uhlelo 'amazinga' Wabonisa nokuthi indlela enjalo yokuhlaziya isimo ndlela iphumelela kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abafundisi esikoleni esiphakeme umgomo ukuvula bezikhali abafundi, ukuqondisa neziphiwo abasha enkonzweni yezwe labo.
• Tsinghua University - one of the best amanyuvesi lobuchwepheshe eChina, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi kufakwe engamakhulu emayunivesithi aphambili emhlabeni. Phakathi abafundi bakhe kukhona ososayensi abaningi abadumile, osopolitiki kanye abaqavile emphakathini.

isiphetho

Njengoba ubona, indlela imfundvo China kuyafana lowo owenza abafundi eRussia. Sethemba ukuthi singaba usizo kabi ulwazi lokuxhumana izinombolo uma unquma ukuba abe umfundi omunye izikhungo wezwe zemfundo.